scholarly journals The Risk Factors and Preventive Measures Regarding Fall-Related Injuries at Home Among Older Adults: A Literature Review

2020 ◽  
pp. 3-16
Author(s):  
Alexarae Deer ◽  
Carlyn Ellison ◽  
Linda Struckmeyer
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Fall Prevention ◽  
Fall Risk ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Risk Prevention ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Home Modifications

The purpose of this study was to identify the risk factors, among older adults, that play a role in causing fall-related injuries in the home as well as to investigate the various preventive measures via a literature review. 14 articles were identified to have met the inclusion/exclusion criteria for this review. The results showed that there were potentially modifiable risk factors (for example, musculoskeletal factors like balance and gait impairment), several available preventive measures (for example, home modifications and medication review), and effective multifactorial programs in preventing falls among older adults. This study also sought to locate gaps in the current literature regarding fall risk prevention in the older adult demographic. Additionally, selected articles were found to neglect the role of occupational therapy in fall prevention.

scholarly journals Nursing care related to fall prevention among hospitalized elderly people: an integrative review

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (suppl 2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adnairdes Cabral de Sena ◽  
Angela Maria Alvarez ◽  
Simony Fabíola Lopes Nunes ◽  
Nadia Pinheiro da Costa
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Nursing Care ◽  
Fall Prevention ◽  
Fall Risk ◽  
Risk Prevention ◽  
Hospitalized Elderly ◽  
Clinical Nursing ◽  
Fall Risk Factors ◽  
Care Behavior

ABSTRACT Objective: to identify scientific productions on nursing care related to fall risk prevention among hospitalized elderly people. Methods: an integrative literature review from 2015 to 2019 in the PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS, BDENF, SciELO and CINAHL databases, in Portuguese, English and Spanish. The keywords were elderly, hospitalization, accidents due to falls, nursing care. Results: thirty-three publications were analyzed. The synthesis of the studies resulted in the categories: Clinical nursing assessments to prevent falls among hospitalized elderly people; Fall risk factors for elderly people; Fall risk prevention strategies for elderly people. Final considerations: it was found that the scientific knowledge produced on nursing care related to fall risk prevention for hospitalized elderly people evidences the clinical assessment, risk factors and strategies such as nursing care, contributing to foster self-care behavior and promotion security for elderly people.

scholarly journals ADOLESCENTES AUTORES DE HOMICÍDIO: revisão sistemática dos fatores de risco

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-148
Author(s):  
Sthefanny Meira Moreira ◽  
Roberta Sasha Guedes Vieira ◽  
Elisabete Agrela de Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Biological Factors ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Factors Associated

The current research analyzed the risk factors associated with committing homicide in adolescence. This research is a systematic literature review of the scientific literature. The databases that were used are: Scielo, Pubmed and CAPES journals. Only 10 articles met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and the removal of duplicates. Social, behavioral, psychological, psychopathological and biological factors associated with homicide in adolescence were found. No single factor was found to be decisive for the adolescent to commit homicide. The importance of preventive measures for this phenomenon is highlighted.

scholarly journals The Effects of High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) on Fall Risk Factors in Healthy Older Adults: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (22) ◽  
pp. 11809
Author(s):  
Michal Elboim-Gabyzon ◽  
Roie Buxbaum ◽  
Roei Klein
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Fall Prevention ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Fall Risk ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Fall Risk Factors ◽  
High Intensity Interval

High-intensity interval training (HIIT) improves functional capacity, muscle power and physical performance in older adults with and without comorbidities. The aim of this study was to explore the effectiveness of HIIT as a method for reducing major fall risk factors (balance, muscle strength and physical activity) in older adults. A systematic literature search was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines. A computerized search was conducted using electronic databases (PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, APA PsycInfo, Web of Science, Scopus, PEDro, and AgeLine) published up to July 2021. Eleven papers (9 studies) of moderate quality (mean of 5.5 in Pedro scale) involving 328 healthy older adults met the inclusion criteria. Studies were characterized by high heterogeneity in terms of methodology, HIIT modality and protocol, subject characteristics, and outcome measures. Results indicate that HIIT cannot be recommended as a single modality for fall prevention in older adults due to insufficient data and no consensus among the studies. HIIT appears to be a safe and well-tolerated supplement to proven fall prevention programs, due to its effects on lower limb strength reflected in functional performance tests, and on dynamic balance and subjective balance perception. However, caution is warranted following HIIT, especially after the first session, due to possible temporary instability.

scholarly journals 127 Older Adults' Knowledge and Perceptions of Falls: A Mixed Methods Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. iv28-iv33
Author(s):  
Cheah Ping Ng ◽  
Devinder Kaur Ajit Singh ◽  
Maw Pin Tan ◽  
Saravana Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Fall Prevention ◽  
Fall Risk ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Fall Risk Factors ◽  
Global Issue ◽  
Risk Of Falls

Abstract Introduction Falls is a global issue due to its devastating consequences and costs associated with fall injuries in older adults. There is limited information regarding knowledge and perceptions about falls among older individuals in Malaysia. The aim of this study was to assess knowledge and perceptions of falls among older adults. Methods A total of twenty-five (n=25) community dwelling older adults were invited to participate in this study (age range 61-83, median=73). Focus group discussions were conducted to explore older adults’ perceptions on falls, while the Fall Risk Assessment Questionnaire (FRAQ) was used to assess their knowledge on falls. Results Three themes emerged from the qualitative data, which were ‘Ageing and its association with falls’, ‘Reactions to a fall’ and ‘Knowledge of fall interventions’. The quantitative results showed that more than half of the participants considered themselves at the risk of falls (n=15, 60%). Older adults had better knowledge on behavioral and environmental (percentage of errors: 19.4%; 35.2%) compared to medical and medication related fall risk factors (percentage of errors: 55.2%; 57.33%). Discussion Older adults had both positive and negative views on ageing and falls. Some of the fall prevention strategies highlighted were in line with evidence-based recommendations. However, majority exhibit fall prevention behaviors that were largely based on their personal experiences. Older adults lacked the knowledge on medical related fall risk factors as these require understanding of various medical conditions and the related medications. Conclusion Education intervention emphasizing on ageing, medical and medication related fall risk factors should now be evaluated.

The Relationship Between Fear of Falling and Functional Fitness among Older Adults Living in Rest Home

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
H Tuna ◽  
Ö Bozan ◽  
B Gürpınar ◽  
N İlçin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Fall Risk ◽  
Fear Of Falling ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Functional Fitness ◽  
Fall Risk Factors ◽  
Rest Home ◽  
History Of

Objective: This study aimed to report the fear of falling and assess its associations with several fall-related characteristics and functional fitness parameters among older adults living in the rest home. Methods: Seventy-eight older adults aged between 65-94 years were included in the study. History of falling and the number of risk factors for falling were recorded. Fear of falling was evaluated with The Falls Efficacy ScaleInternational. Functional fitness was assessed with Senior Fitness Test, including tests for the functional measurement of strength, flexibility, aerobic endurance and dynamic balance. Result: The mean age of participants was 78.46±7.16 years. There were correlations exist between fear of falling and number of fall risk factors, dynamic balance, upper body flexibility and aerobic endurance (p<0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the parameters with the highest determinants of fear of falling were the dynamic balance and history of falling (p<0.05). Conclusions: In our study, history of falling, number of fall risk factors, flexibility for the upper body, aerobic endurance and dynamic balance were parameters related to fear of falling among older adults, but the most influential factors in fear of falling were dynamic balance and history of falling.

Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase polymorphisms as risk factors for retinal venous occlusive disease: A literature review

2021 ◽  
pp. 112067212110006
Author(s):  
Manuel Marques ◽  
Francisco Alves ◽  
Miguel Leitão ◽  
Catarina Rodrigues ◽  
Joana Tavares Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase ◽  
Mthfr C677t ◽  
Mthfr Gene ◽  
Mthfr Polymorphisms ◽  
Vein Occlusion ◽  
C677t Mutation ◽  
Retinal Vascular Disease

The role of polymorphisms of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene in retinal vein occlusion (RVO) is a theme of discussion since the first reports of RVO in patients with MTHFR C677T mutation and without classic acquired risk factors for retinal vascular disease. The association between MTHFR polymorphisms and RVO has been studied over the last 20 years producing conflicting results. This review aims to summarize the literature concerning the role MTHFR polymorphisms as risk factors for RVO.

scholarly journals Perceptions of Care Among Older Adults Identified as Fall Risk During a Hospital Stay

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 139-139
Author(s):  
Barbara King
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Older Adult ◽  
Fall Prevention ◽  
Fall Risk ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Academic Medical Center ◽  
Common Strategy ◽  
Open Coding ◽  
Perceptions Of Care

Abstract In-hospital falls are a significant clinical, legal and regulatory problem. The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid no longer reimburse hospitals for falls that result in injury, adding increase pressure on acute care settings to prevent falls. Additionally, evidence-based practice recommendations for fall prevention in hospitals do not exist, thus leaving administrators to create their own programs. One common strategy used by hospital providers to prevent falls is to restrict patient mobility. Little information on how older adult patients experience fall prevention during a hospital stay has been published. The purpose of this study was to understand perceptions of care among older adults identified as fall risk during a hospital stay. This qualitative study utilized inductive content analysis. Older adults (N=20) from a large academic medical center in the Midwest were recruited to participate in one-to one in-depth interviews. Open coding, categorization and abstraction was used to analyze the data. Three main categories were identified that summarized the older adult patient perception of hospitalization: Act of Caring, something they received from staff, provide to staff or provided to self; Being Restricted in movement resulting in either accepting or rejecting the restriction and Being Freed at discharge, often being told “just be careful”. Older adult identified as fall risk described being restricted in movement during a hospital stay. Many passively accepted this restriction even though they felt a lack of movement would be harmful to them. Additional research on the patient experience with fall prevention is needed.

scholarly journals Student-Led Fall Prevention Care Management Reduced Fall Risks at Assisted Living Facilities

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 238-238
Author(s):  
Hiroko Kiyoshi-Teo ◽  
Claire McKinley-Yoder ◽  
Erin Lemon ◽  
Olivia Ochoa
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Assisted Living ◽  
Fall Prevention ◽  
Fall Risk ◽  
Care Management ◽  
Assisted Living Facilities ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Fall Risks ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Older adults in residential care settings are four times more likely than those not living in care facilities to experience falls. Yet, fall prevention efforts at long-term care settings are under-resourced, under-regulated, and under-studied. To address this gap, we developed and studied the impact of a specialty clinical, Fall Prevention Care Management (FPCM), for nursing students to decrease older adults’ fall risks. We enrolled assisted living residents that facility liaison identified as being high fall risk (fall rates or fall risk were not tracked at the study sites) and MOCA ≥15, in 2 assisted living facilities in Northwest USA. Participants received weekly, 1-hour, individual, semi-structured, Motivational Interviewing-based care management visits by same students over 6 visits. Changes in fall risks were measured by the CDC STEADI assessment (unsteadiness & worry), Falls Self-Efficacy Scale International-Short (FESI-S), and Falls Behavioral Scale (FAB). Twenty-five residents completed the study. Students addressed the following (multiple responses possible): emotional needs (n=23), improved motivation to prevent falls (n=21), and individualized education/coaching (i.e., exercise, mobility aids) (n=10-17). FESI-S score improved from 16.0 to 14.4 (p=.001; decreased fear. FAB score improved from 2.94 to 3.10 (p=.05; more frequent fall prevention behaviors). Frequency of those who felt steady while standing or walking increased (24% to 40%, p=.07) and those who did not worry about falling increased (20% to 36%, p=.08). FPCM clinical offered valuable opportunity to address unmet care needs of older adults to reduce fall risks.

scholarly journals Predictors for Confidence in Self-Management of Falls and the Role of Fear of Falls

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 301-301
Author(s):  
Qiwei Li ◽  
Becky Knight
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Fall Prevention ◽  
Predictor Variable ◽  
Path Model ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Self Protection ◽  
Fear Of Falls

Abstract Falls have been a crucial threat for older adults to stay independent. Once they have fallen, older adults are more likely to receive injuries and become people with disabilities. Conventionally, the measurement of fall efficacy focused on the capacity of performing certain activities such as walking or bathing without a fall. However, given the fact that one out of five older adults fall every year, self-efficacy in self-protection when falls do happen calls for a better understanding of confidence in self-management of a fall. Among predictors for fall prevention outcomes, “fear of falls” has received attention. However, “fear of falls” was largely missing in studies exploring self-management of falls in scenarios where falls do happen. This study explores the predictors for CSMoF including “fear of falls”. A series of simultaneous and hierarchical regression analyses with related interaction analyses and a path model were applied to determine the contribution of each predictor variable and the mediating role of “fear of falls”. The findings of the study reported that demographic characteristics, chronic conditions, and perceptions of falls were associated with CSMoF. The path analysis confirmed the mediating role of “fear of falls” as the indirect effects were occupying substantial percentages in the total identified effects. “Fear of falls” should continue to be a core of fall prevention programs and is particularly important for programs that aim to teach older adults what to do when they fall, whom to call for help, and how to avoid injuries upon falling.

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