A Descriptive Cohort of Suicidal Cancer Patients: Analysis of the Autopsy Case Series from 1993 to 2019 in Milan (Italy)

Suicide in cancer patients has always been a subject of clinical studies, but the contribution of forensic pathology to this phenomenon is poorly reported. With the aim of at least partially filling this gap in information, at the Institute of Forensic Medicine of Milan, Italy, we assessed all suicides that occurred in cancer patients. A descriptive and retrospective analysis was carried out by examining the database of the Institute and autopsy reports. We included 288 suicide cases with proven cancer diseases. For each suicide, sex, age, country of origin, body area affected by cancer, further pathological history, medications, previous suicide attempts and suicidal communications, as well as the place where the suicide occurred, were assessed. Furthermore, from a forensic point of view, we considered the chosen suicide method and any involved means. The majority of cases were male older adults affected by lung, colon and prostate cancer. Violent suicide methods were prevalent, and the most represented suicide method was falling from height regardless of the body area affected by cancer. Such data may be of clinical use for clinicians engaged in the front lines in order to address suicide risk prevention strategies among cancer patients.

SIMULATION RESEARCH ON CARBON EMISSIONS TRADING BASED ON BLOCKCHAIN

Global warming caused by greenhouse gases is one of the problems that need to be solved urgently. Blockchain technology can achieve automatic quota certification and settlement, providing a new direction for carbon emissions trading. This paper provides a quantitative analysis of blockchain-based carbon emissions trading through the Repast simulation platform. Firstly, it designs the blockchain-based carbon emissions trading simulation framework from a macro perspective, including identity and quota certification, quota trading, risk prevention and smart contracts management. Then, it establishes a blockchain-based carbon emissions trading simulation model and formulates the behavior rules of the government, investors and company agents and market transaction processes. Finally, it simulates the carbon emissions trading based on public chain and private chain on the Repast platform, and analyzes the simulation results.

Trial Assay for Safe First-Aid Protocol for the Stinging Sea Anemone Anemonia viridis (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) and a Severe Toxic Reaction

Anemonia viridis is an abundant and widely distributed temperate sea anemone that can form dense congregations of individuals. Despite the potential severity of its sting, few detailed cases have been reported. We report a case of a severe toxic reaction following an A. viridis sting in a 35-year-old oceanographer. She developed severe pain, itching, redness, and burning sensation, which worsened one week after treatment with anti-inflammatories, antihistamines and corticosteroids. Prompted by this event, and due to the insufficient risk prevention, lack of training for marine-environment users, and lack of research into sting-specific first-aid protocols, we evaluated the cnidocyst response to five different compounds commonly recommended as rinse solutions in first-aid protocols (seawater, vinegar, ammonia, baking soda, and freshwater) by means of the Tentacle Solution Assay. Vinegar and ammonia triggered an immediate and massive cnidocyst discharge after their application and were classified as activator solutions. Baking soda and freshwater were also classified as activator solutions, although with a lower intensity of discharge. Only seawater was classified as a neutral solution and therefore recommended as a rinse solution after A. viridis sting, at least until an inhibitory solution is discovered.

Salutogenesis and the Sense of Coherence During the Adolescent Years

This chapter focuses on salutogenesis and the sense of coherence during the adolescent years. The authors’ approach is itself salutogenic, in the sense that they develop their arguments in line with a positive youth development perspective. Adolescents are appreciated as individuals eager to explore the world, to acquire competence, and to struggle with challenges and difficulties, rather than as a vulnerable group in need of risk prevention, cure, and treatment for maladaptive tendencies.It is during the adolescent years, as young people move from one experience of using specific coping resources to another, that different resources can be reviewed and crystalized. The authors discuss a variety of ways that researchers have approached the study of salutogenesis and adolescence.

Die Corporate Governance der Bankaktiengesellschaft

The regulation of banks' internal corporate governance is characterized by an interplay between banking supervisory law and corporate law. This book examines the resulting special corporate law of banks from a legal-doctrinal and functional-economic perspective. First, the economic specifics of the corporate governance of banks are examined. Then, the current legal framework is analysed and the corporate objective of banks – as a guiding principle for directors’ duties – is determined. Finally, the special corporate law of banks is subjected to a functional analysis against the backdrop of the regulatory objectives – risk prevention in the public interest – and corresponding reform proposals are made.

Diseño de un procedimiento de actuación en accidentes de turismo activo (Design of an action procedure in active tourism accidents)

El Turismo activo ha venido siendo un sector empresarial en auge y desarrollo en el territorio español, con una gran diversidad de normativas existentes en base a las competencias que recaen en las Comunidades Autónomas. El riesgo inherente a estas prácticas deportivas en el medio natural conlleva la exposición de los participantes a la posibilidad de sufrir un accidente. Ante la inexistencia de un Procedimiento de Actuación ante accidentes en actividades de Turismo activo, se ha desarrollado una herramienta de aplicación a todas las actividades del sector, a partir de los aspectos a valorar por parte del guía de Turismo activo, la cual establece cinco fases desde que se produce el accidente hasta el finde la actividad. Para ello se ha realizado una revisión bibliográfica y la consulta a un grupo de expertos vinculados a la prevención de riesgos, rescate, organización y guiado de actividades en el medio natural y el Turismo activo. La herramienta propuesta aporta unas pautas de actuación seguras en caso de accidente, para los guías de Turismo activo, en base a la normativa vigente y las características propias de las actividades que realizan, con el fin de asegurar una correcta actuación para subsanar o evitar el agravio de las lesiones padecidas y/o facilitar el rescate y evacuación de la persona accidentada. Abstract. Active Tourism has been a developing business sector in the Spanish territory. There are a great diversity of different regulations and legislation for each Autonomous Community. The practice of physical activity in the natural environment entails the exposure of the athletes to the possibility of suffering an accident. In the absence of an Action Procedure for accidents in active tourism activities, an application tool has been developed for all activities in the sector. It has been based on the aspects to be assessed by the Active Tourism guide. The tool stablishes five steps to follow, from the accident until the end of the activity. A bibliographic review and consultation with a group of experts has been carried out. The group of experts were linked to risk prevention, rescue, organization, and guide of activities in the natural environment and active tourism. The proposed procedure provides guidelines for safe action in the event of an accident, for Active Tourism guides, based on current regulations and the characteristics of the activities they carry out, to ensure correct action to correct, or avoid, the grievance of the injuries suffered and / or facilitate the rescue and evacuation of the injured person.