Development of geomorphological instantaneous unit hydrograph (GIUH) model for a new un-gauged watershed

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (01) ◽  
pp. 54-59
Author(s):  
Jeetendra Kumar ◽  
R. Suresh ◽  
Safi Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Peak Discharge ◽  
Prediction Errors ◽  
Effective Rainfall ◽  
Storm Events ◽  
Unit Hydrograph ◽  
Time To Peak ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Damodar Valley ◽  
Geomorphological Instantaneous Unit Hydrograph ◽  
Instantaneous Unit Hydrograph

A geomorphological instantaneous unit hydrograph (GIUH) model was developed for a watershed of Damodar valley corporation, Hazaribagh, using Nash (1959) and Itrube (1982) methods to compute peak discharge (qpeak) and time to peak (tpeak). The model was calibrated and validated for five storm events, i.e. June 24-25 (1992), October 12-13 (1993), November 2-3 (1993), June 28 (1994) and August 6 (1996) by comparing their ordinates with the ordinates of instantaneous unit hydrograph (IUH). The GIUH was tested with absolute prediction errors (APE) of the ordinate of peak discharge. On comparison, it was found that, most of the GIUH models overestimated the runoff at initial stage, while underestimated at the latter stage in comparison to the IUHs, which was mainly due to consideration of const ant value of Ф-index, for computation of effective rainfall. The absolute prediction errors (APE) were computed to be 5.97, 18.09, 23.32, 9.64 and 7.52% of the ordinates of peak discharge for the storm events of June 24-25 (1992), October 12-13 (1993), November 2-3 (1993), June 28 (1994) and August 6 (1996) respectively.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Some Methods of Deriving the Instantaneous Unit Hydrograph

1985 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. P. Singh ◽  
C. Corradini ◽  
F. Melone
Keyword(s):  
Peak Flow ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Effective Rainfall ◽  
Unit Hydrograph ◽  
Time To Peak ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Instantaneous Unit Hydrograph ◽  
Similar Accuracy ◽  
Two Parameters ◽  
Range Of Values

The geomorphological instantaneous unit hydrograph (IUH) proposed by Gupta et al. (1980) was compared with the IUH derived by commonly used time-area and Nash methods. This comparison was performed by analyzing the effective rainfall-direct runoff relationship for four large basins in Central Italy ranging in area from 934 to 4,147 km2. The Nash method was found to be the most accurate of the three methods. The geomorphological method, with only one parameter estimated in advance from the observed data, was found to be little less accurate than the Nash method which has two parameters determined from observations. Furthermore, if the geomorphological and Nash methods employed the same information represented by basin lag, then they produced similar accuracy provided the other Nash parameter, expressed by the product of peak flow and time to peak, was empirically assessed within a wide range of values. It was concluded that it was more appropriate to use the geomorphological method for ungaged basins and the Nash method for gaged basins.

scholarly journals Integrating XAJ Model with GIUH Based on Nash Model for Rainfall-Runoff Modelling

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingbing Chen ◽  
Peng Shi ◽  
Simin Qu ◽  
Xiaomin Ji ◽  
Lanlan Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Network Flow ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Efficiency Coefficient ◽  
Effective Rainfall ◽  
Unit Hydrograph ◽  
Nash Model ◽  
Average Flow Velocity ◽  
Time To Peak ◽  
Flood Estimation

The geomorphologic instantaneous unit hydrograph (GIUH) is an applicable approach that simulates the runoff for the ungauged basins. The nash model is an efficient tool to derive the unit hydrograph (UH), which only requires two items, including the indices n and k. Theoretically, the GIUH method describes the process of a droplet flowing from which it falls on to the basin outlet, only covering the flow concentration process. The traditional technique for flood estimation using GIUH method always uses the effective rainfall, which is empirically obtained and scant of accuracy, and then calculates the convolution of the effective rainfall and GIUH. To improve the predictive capability of the GIUH model, the Xin’anjiang (XAJ) model, which is a conceptual model with clear physical meaning, is applied to simulate the runoff yielding and the slope flow concentration, integrating with the GIUH derived based on Nash model to compute the river network flow convergence, forming a modified GIUH model for flood simulation. The average flow velocity is the key to obtain the indices k, and two methods to calculate the flow velocity were compared in this study. 10 flood events in three catchments in Fujian, China are selected to calibrate the model, and six for validation. Four criteria, including the time-to-peak error, the relative peak flow error, the relative runoff depth error, and the Nash–Sutcliff efficiency coefficient are computed for the model performance evaluation. The observed runoff value and simulated series in validation stage is also presented in the scatter plots to analyze the fitting degree. The analysis results show the modified model with a convenient calculation and a high fitting and illustrates that the model is reliable for the flood estimation and has potential for practical flood forecasting.

Development of a geomorphological instantaneous unit hydrograph model for scantily gauged watersheds

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 1013-1025 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bhadra ◽  
N. Panigrahy ◽  
R. Singh ◽  
N.S. Raghuwanshi ◽  
B.C. Mal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Unit Hydrograph ◽  
Geomorphological Instantaneous Unit Hydrograph ◽  
Instantaneous Unit Hydrograph

COMPARISON OF DIMENSIONLESS UNIT HYDROGRAPHS IN THAILAND AND TAIWAN

1971 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
EDMUND F. SCHULZ ◽  
SUBIN PINKAYAN ◽  
CHUMPORN KOMSARTRA
Keyword(s):  
Base Length ◽  
Unit Hydrograph ◽  
Time To Peak ◽  
Dimensionless Unit ◽  
Instantaneous Unit Hydrograph ◽  
Subsurface Runoff ◽  
Tropical Watersheds ◽  
Unit Hydrographs ◽  
Similar Unit ◽  
Two Parameter

The characteristics of dimensionless unit hydrographs were derived from floods from watersheds smaller than 1000 square kilometers located in Thailand. The dimensionless unit hydrographs were expressed as ratios of q/qq as a function of t/tp. These dimensionless unit hydrographs were compared with similar unit hydrographs derived from floods on Taiwan and with the unit hydrographs derived from a mathematical model developed from the two parameter gamma function developed from the theory of the instantaneous unit hydrograph. It was found that the unit hydrographs derived from the Thai watersheds had much longer base length and much longer time to peak than similar unit hydrographs derived from floods on Taiwan. This increase in length of response time is attributed to a larger component of subsurface runoff believed to be present in the floods from tropical watersheds.

Rainfall Runoff Hydrograph Prediction Using Dynamic Wave Based Instantaneous Unit Hydrograph

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minyeob Jeong ◽  
Jongho Kim ◽  
Dae-Hong Kim
Keyword(s):  
Rainfall Intensity ◽  
Wave Model ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Unit Hydrograph ◽  
Time To Peak ◽  
Instantaneous Unit Hydrograph ◽  
Runoff Hydrographs ◽  
Dynamic Wave ◽  
Peak Value

<p>A method to predict runoff based on the instantaneous unit hydrograph and dynamic wave approximation is proposed. The method is capable of generating IUH of a watershed without the need of observed rainfall and runoff data, and only topography and surface roughness of a watershed are needed. IUHs were generated using a dynamic wave model and S-hydrograph method, and IUH generated was a function of both watershed and rainfall properties. The ordinate of IUH depends on the rainfall intensities, and the peak value of IUH was proportional to the rainfall intensity while the time to peak of the IUH was inversely proportional to the rainfall intensity.  Corresponding IUHs for different rainfall intensities were used to generate runoff hydrographs. Since the IUH is generated using a dynamic wave model, it can be a tool to physically simulate the rainfall-runoff processes. Also, nonlinear rainfall-runoff relationship can be taken into account by expressing IUH as a function of rainfall excess intensity. Several test results in ideal basins and in a real watershed show that the proposed method has a good capability in predicting runoff, while several limitations remain.</p><p>Keywords: rainfall-runoff, instantaneous unit hydrograph, dynamic wave model</p>

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