scholarly journals Evaluation of compatibility of the generic competencies defined for Latin-American Tuning project (2011-2013): a case study (2011-2013)

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 100-113
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Zapata Chapman
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Project Proposal ◽  
Business Programs ◽  
Generic Competencies ◽  
Global Labor Market ◽  
Development Of Competencies

The higher education institutions decided to work on the creation of a general competencies framework that allows their graduates to meet the requirements of the global labor market, adapting to the Tuning project created in Europe and adapted in Latin America. Being it an independent project that aims to establish reference points, convergences, and mutual understanding,  according to certain generic and specific competencies. This research seeks to determine if the foreign trade and international business programs of the Escolme University Institution have developed the competencies established in the Latin-America Tuning Project proposal. The methodology applied is based on a quantitative approach through a case study in which all the students of these programs participated. Among the results, there is a low development of competencies allowing us to conclude that both the participants of technology in foreign trade and those of professionalization of international businesses do not comply with the generic competencies defined by the Tuning Latin America Project.

scholarly journals Postneoliberalism as institutional recalibration: Reading Polanyi through Argentina’s soy boom

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 216-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Berndt ◽  
Marion Werner ◽  
Víctor Ramiro Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Economic Geography ◽  
Capital Flows ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Double Movement ◽  
Movement Type ◽  
Societal Reaction ◽  
Fictitious Commodities

While postneoliberalism is often interpreted as a societal reaction against the deleterious effects of marketization in Latin America, this paper develops a finer-grained Polanyian institutional analysis to gain better analytical purchase on the ambivalent outcomes of postneoliberal reforms. Drawing on recent insights in economic geography, and in dialogue with the Latin American structuralist tradition, we elaborate our framework through a case study of the Argentinian soy boom of the 2000s, identifying forms of market extension, redistribution, reciprocity and householding that facilitated this process. We argue for a multi-scalar approach that balances attention to national and extra-local dynamics shaping the combination of these forms, identified through the lens of the “fictitious commodities” of the soy boom: money (credit, currency and cross-border capital flows), land (in the agricultural heartland and frontier regions), labor (transformed and excluded in a “farming without farmers” model) and, we add, knowledge (biotech). Our analysis identifies internal tensions as well as overt resistance and “overflow” that ultimately led to the collapse of postneoliberal regulation of the soy complex, ushering in a wider, market-radical counter-movement. Refracting double-movement-type dynamics through the prism of heterodox institutional forms, we argue, allows for a better grasp of processes that underlie institutional recalibrations of progressive and regressive kinds.

scholarly journals Presidentas Rise: Consequences for Women in Cabinets?

2016 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 3-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Reyes-Housholder
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Women's Representation ◽  
Original Dataset ◽  
Women’S Representation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Empirical Implications

AbstractSince 1999, women have democratically won the presidency eight times in Latin America and have named hundreds of ministers. This study argues that under certain conditions,presidentasare more likely than male presidents to improve women's cabinet representation. Two mechanisms,presidentamandates and gendered networks, appear to drive the relationship. Furthermore, because the pool of ministerial candidates is shallower for women than for men,presidentasare most likely to advance women's representation in cabinets at the beginning of their term and for “feminine” ministries. A case study of Michelle Bachelet's 2006 ministerial appointments reveals initial evidence for the argument. Empirical implications are then tested with an original dataset of 1,908 ministers of all democratically elected Latin American presidents since 1999. Model results are consistent with the theory thatpresidentasare most likely to “make a difference” when they are least constrained by the supply of female ministerial candidates.

Skyscrapers in Santiago: 300 meters of globalization agenda

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 439-454
Author(s):  
Nestor Garza
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Main Determinant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Latin American Region ◽  
Quantitative Results ◽  
The One

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to assess alternative economic explanations of buildings’ height in Latin America and Chile, inductively producing a theory about skyscrapers’ height in emerging countries. In the quest for height, global exposure as advertising guides developers located in emerging economies, while ego-building for investors. Design/methodology/approach This paper uses mixed methods triangulation (MMT). Findings with small sample econometrics for 38 cities from 13 different countries are re-interpreted by linguistically analyzing 11 semi-structured interviews with local experts in Santiago. Findings Globalization is the main determinant of skyscrapers height in the Latin American region, its interaction with the need to portray management and technical skills of developer firms, determines a process toward over-construction. Research limitations/implications Because of small sample bias, the quantitative results are not fully reliable, but this is precisely why it makes sense to use MMT. Practical implications Santiago offers a valuable case study because, on the one hand, Chile was the first Latin American country to undertake neoliberal type reforms, as early as 1973. On the other, the tallest Latin American skyscraper is to be completed in this city by 2015. The theory developed, derived from the evidence and the perceptions, has a Global South reach and can open-up an empirical research agenda. Originality/value This paper innovates in real estate research by using MMT, not just to confirm quantitative findings, but as an inductive theory building tool. It also analyses Latin America, a region with scarce presence in the literature.

scholarly journals Internacionalización en el sector aéreo de América Latina: estudio multicaso de Aeroméxico, Avianca y Latam (Internationalization in the Latin American air sector: multi- case study of Aeromexico, Avianca and Latam)

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (30) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Satsumi Lopez ◽  
Mauricio Alejandro Montañez Cuevas ◽  
Jorge Antonio Zertuche Zertuche ◽  
Daniel Gregorio Paez Aguirre ◽  
Alejandro Martinez Cespedes
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Strategic Alliances ◽  
Airline Industry ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Domestic Market ◽  
Internationalization Strategies ◽  
America Latina ◽  
Sobre Todo

Abstract. The objective of this paper is to analyze the internationalization strategies of the Latin American airlines: Aeromexico (Mexico), Avianca (Colombia) and LATAM (Chile). For this, a qualitative multi-case study technique was applied. The research question that is intended to answer in this paper is: in what way are the main airlines in Latin America internationalized? The results suggest that the airlines studied use similar internationalization strategies, which are based on strategic alliances with other airlines in order to offer a better service to their passengers. They were also identified as the main characteristics of these airlines that are strong in their domestic market (especially Aeromexico) and then they start to expand their operations abroad. Likewise, Avianca and LATAM have the main market in Latin America, while Aeromexico has a greater presence in the United States.Key words: Aeromexico, airline industry, Avianca, internationalization, LATAM, service sectorJEL: F23, M16.Resumen. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar las estrategias de internacionalización de las aerolíneas latinoamericanas Aeroméxico (México), Avianca (Colombia) y LATAM (Chile). Para esto se aplicó una técnica cualitativa de  estudio multi-caso. La pregunta de investigación que se pretende responder en este trabajo es ¿de qué manera se internacionalizan las principales aerolíneas en América Latina?. Los resultados sugieren que las aerolíneas estudiadas utilizan estrategias similares de internacionalización, las cuáles están basadas en alianzas estratégicas con otras aerolíneas para poder ofrecer un mejor servicio a sus pasajeros. Además fueron identificadas como principales características de estas aerolíneas que son fuertes en su mercado interno (sobre todo Aeroméxico) y de ahí parten para poder expandir sus operaciones hacía el exterior. Asimismo Avianca y LATAM tiene como principal mercado América Latina, en cambio Aeroméxico tiene una mayor presencia en Estados Unidos.Palabras clave: Aeroméxico, Avianca, internacionalización, LATAM, sector aéreo, sector servicios

scholarly journals Coups, “smart coups” and elections: Right power strategies in a context of Left hegemony

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-49
Author(s):  
Barry Cannon
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Political Psychology ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Institutional Legitimacy ◽  
Relative Paucity ◽  
Electoral Strategies ◽  
Power Strategies

Most analyses of Right-wing power strategies in Latin America highlight the relative paucity of dedicated Right-wing political parties, and the preponderance of non-electoral strategies. Despite this such studies continue to privilege the electoral over other strategies. This paper presents a more wide-ranging, comprehensive perspective based on political sociology and political psychology theories. Here strategies are categorised at three levels – electoral, extra-electoral and semi- or extra-constitutional - which can be activated in a multi-layered manner, depending on the level of threat perceived to Right objectives and on conditions on the ground. Using the case study of the removal of Dilma Rousseff from the presidency in Brazil in 2016, the article seeks to illustrate the ultimate aim of achieving a “smart coup”, whereby left governments are forced out of office with relatively little bloodshed and an element of popular and institutional legitimacy. In this way the Latin American Right aims to integrate electoral and non-electoral strategies to the democratic context of Left hegemony in the region.

The Inter-American Court of Human Rights

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Huneeus
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Constitutional Reform ◽  
Constitutional Order ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Latin American Countries

This chapter seeks to explain why the impact of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights varies greatly across the different Latin American countries under its jurisdiction. Three case studies suggest that the uneven spread of constitutional ideas and practices across Latin America helps shape the type of authority the IACtHR exerts. In Colombia, where neoconstitutionalist lawyers were able to successfully ally themselves with reformers and participate in the construction of a new constitution and court starting in 1991, the Court now enjoys narrow, intermediate, and extensive authority. In Chile, where constitutional reform was muted, and neoconstitutionalist doctrines have not found strong adherents in the judiciary, the IACtHR has achieved narrow authority and, at times, intermediate authority. In Venezuela, neoconstitutionalism was sidelined as the new Bolivarian constitutional order was forged. Meanwhile, the Mexican case study suggests that the neoconstitutionalist movement can also work transnationally.

Carnival, Hybridity, and Latin American Digital Humor

2020 ◽  
pp. 177-193
Author(s):  
Paul Alonso
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Social Norms ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Textual Analysis ◽  
Digital Medium ◽  
Cultural Stereotypes ◽  
Cultural Globalization ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Critical Humor

Enchufe.tv, an online comedy series that satirizes Ecuadorian idiosyncrasies and local urban culture, became the most popular online TV series in the country and a regional phenomenon in Latin America. The online show questions cultural stereotypes and social norms, while adapting and parodying transnational audiovisual formats and entertainment genres. Based on interviews and textual analysis, this chapter analyzes Enchufe.tv as a case study of Latin American digital humor, an increasingly relevant phenomenon to understand how cultural globalization and hybridity operate in today's transnational, multimedia entertainment. The case of Enchufe.tv not only reveals the challenges and opportunities of the digital medium for independent audiovisual projects, but also how the limits of critical humor are negotiated in cultural, political, and commercial terms.

Disappearances in the Post-Transition Era in Latin America

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Personal Story ◽  
Authoritarian State ◽  
Latin American Countries

The book identifies a new human rights phenomenon. While disappearances have tended to be associated with authoritarian state and armed conflict periods, the study looks at these acts carried out in procedural democracies where democratic institutions prevail. Specifically, the book manuscript analyses disappearances in four Latin American countries (Mexico, Brazil, Argentina, and El Salvador) which provide insights into the dimensions of this contemporary social problem. The theoretical framing for the volume links contemporary disappearances with certain logics that emerged in the authoritarian and armed conflict periods and continue today. It also covers the evolution of legal instruments addressing past disappearances and the current phenomenon. Each case study is introduced by a personal story of disappearance, followed by analyses. The following ‘Tools’ section sets out ‘best practices’ used by civil society groups and non-governmental organisations to address the rights of victims for truth, justice, reparations, and guarantees of non-repetition.

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