scholarly journals THE IMPLEMENTATION OF FASTING FIDYAH ACCORDING TO IMAM SYAFI’I IN PAYA GELI VILLAGE OF SUNGGAL DISTRICT DELI SERDANG

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-27
Author(s):  
Zainal Arifin ◽  
Muhammad Aqsha ◽  
Muhammad Fauzi Lubis
Keyword(s):  
Poor Person ◽  
Nursing Woman

But there’s a scripture deduction in Al- Baqarah (184) : Meaning : “And upon those who are able (to fast, but with hardship) a ransom ( as suitable) offeeding a poor person (each day).” This verse explained that Rukhsah was given byAllah for certain person. Study of fasting fidyah according to Imam Syafi”i are: (a)senile person cause Elderly; (b) a prolonged illness that can’t possibly cure, (c).Pregnant and nursing woman who are worried for their children. (d) died person andhave a fasting load that wasn’t on Qada in his lifetime.

The Relief of Poverty in Mid Nineteenth-Century Colyton

Rural History ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Robin
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
Present Form ◽  
Poor Law ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Poor Person ◽  
The Welfare State

The welfare state emerged in 1948 when the National Assistance Act finally abolished the New Poor Law Forty-two years later, as politicians and bureaucrats struggle to keep increasing expenditure within bounds, the existence of the welfare state in its present form is under threat. Just over 150 years ago, the Old Poor Law was presenting parish ratepayers with a similar problem of rising costs, leading in 1834 to a fundamental reorganisation into the New Poor Law It may therefore be profitable to see how effective in practice the New Poor Law was when it replaced a system widely regarded as profligate, and to consider the extent to which benefits payable through the welfare state were available a hundred years or more ago.This study examines in detail how the New Poor Law, and other forms of relief, affected the whole population of the rural parish of Colyton, in south Devonshire, during the thirty years from 1851 to 1881. It will first describe the sources from which a poor person in Colyton in the mid nineteenth century could look for relief; next discuss how widespread poverty was and who the poor were; then look at what kinds of relief were available, under what conditions; and finally assess the comparative importance to the poor of the different agencies providing assistance.

PUBLIC LAW STATUS OF AN EXTREMELY POOR PERSON – A REVIEW OF ADAM PLOSZKA’S DOCTORAL MONOGRAPHY

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (XX) ◽  
pp. 321-335
Author(s):  
Alexander Martin Juranek
Keyword(s):  
Public Law ◽  
Economic Situation ◽  
Global Level ◽  
European Level ◽  
Minimum Standard ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Constitutional Level ◽  
Legal Situation ◽  
Poor Person

The main purpose of this article is to refer to the Author’s considerations presented in his doctoral monography entitled “Public law status of an extremely poor person”. First of all, the appropriateness of the research hypotheses and questions adopted by the Author will be analysed with particular emphasis attached to the validity of the conclusions drawn in the context of the current social and economic situation in Poland. The second part is dedicated to considerations of a „strictly content-related nature”: from the analysis of solutions to counteract poverty at the global level, through the regional (European) level, to the national (constitutional) level. At this stage, reference will also be made to the standard of protection of the rights of the extremely poor suggested by the Author. The next part will analyse the extent of the discrepancies between the ‘minimum standard’ of protection suggested by the Author and the factual and legal situation of the poor. Conclusions in this area will be particularly useful for law application practice.

Private liability without wrongdoing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Stone
Keyword(s):  
Essential Role ◽  
Legal Liability ◽  
Corrective Justice ◽  
Private Law ◽  
Political Morality ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Poor Person ◽  
Distribution Of Resources ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Prior Relationship

Rights-based theories of private law tend to be wrongs based and defendant focused. But many private law wrongs do not seem like genuine wrongs, at least when the background distribution of resources is unjust. A very poor person, for example, may be held legally liable for breaching a one-sided contract with a very rich person. When such a contract reflects and reproduces existing injustice, it is hard to view the poor person’s breach of such a contract as a genuine wrong against the rich person. Conversely, some obvious moral wrongs do not generate legal liability. There is, for example, no private law duty of rescue in the absence of a prior relationship in many situations in which most would agree that there is a moral duty of rescue. Thus, private legal liability seems not to track moral wrongdoing in significant respects, raising the question what instead justifies such liability. Instead of justifying private liability in terms of the defendant’s wrongdoing, as corrective justice and civil recourse theorists do, we should seek a justification in terms of the plaintiff’s moral permission to enforce her apparent rights. Switching our gaze from the defendant’s wrongdoing to the plaintiff’s moral permission to enforce her rights will not be normatively consequential if the plaintiff’s moral permission arises when and only when the defendant has wronged her. But, I argue, background injustice can drive a wedge between genuine wrongdoing and the plaintiff’s moral permission. Thus, by reconceptualizing private liability in terms of a plaintiff’s moral permission to enforce her apparent rights, private law may be justified by the essential role it plays in constituting non-ideal political morality.

A Conceptual Analysis of the Nixon Welfare Proposal

1970 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 157-166
Author(s):  
George Hoshino
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Analysis ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Poor Person ◽  
Causes Of Poverty

Examination of the plan finds the focus still on the poor person and his presumed shortcomings, not on the societal and economic causes of poverty

scholarly journals Dietary guidelines for the breast-feeding woman

2001 ◽  
Vol 4 (6a) ◽  
pp. 1357-1362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pilar Cervera ◽  
Joy Ngo
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Infant Feeding ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Sharp Decline ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
Feeding Success ◽  
Nursing Woman ◽  
Breast Fed

AbstractSociodemographic and economic changes in Spain have played a role in the choice of infant feeding as more and more women enter the workforce. Nevertheless, the prevalence of breast-fed-only infants at 6 weeks remains fairly high, at 65.5% in 1999, although there is a sharp decline by 3 and 6 months postpartum. Achieving adequate nutritional status for lactation principally begins during pregnancy, as this constitutes the biological stage for accumulating nutrient stores. The benefits of breast-feeding for the mother and infant are presented, along with nutrition and dietary guidelines for the nursing woman. Apart from dietary considerations, special attention should be paid to encouraging a positive attitude and environment for breast-feeding success.

“People Still Believe a Bicycle Is for a Poor Person”: Features of “Bicycles for Development” Organizations in Uganda and Perspectives of Practitioners

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Madison Ardizzi ◽  
Brian Wilson ◽  
Lyndsay Hayhurst ◽  
Janet Otte
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Development Organizations ◽  
Sport For Development ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
Person Features ◽  
Poor Person ◽  
Social And Economic Development

Bicycles have been hailed by the United Nations and nongovernmental organizations for use in social and economic development. However, there is a lacuna of research exploring the value of bicycles for development (BFD) outside of Europe and America. Specifically, there is a lack of research on the structure and perspectives of BFD organizations. This study draws on 19 semistructured interviews with BFD organizations in various regions of Uganda. We found that (a) BFD organizations exist along a spectrum from community-based to international, (b) the meanings ascribed to the bicycle are unstable and context dependent, and (c) that there were a range of ways that bicycles were seen to lead to positive outcomes—although barriers to attaining these outcomes were identified too. The authors conclude by suggesting that while bicycles are considered useful for a range of development purposes, perspectives on their usefulness vary—as inequalities commonly associated with sport for development are evident in the BFD movement too.

scholarly journals Just End Poverty Now: The Case for a Global Minimum Income

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas R. Wells
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Moral Obligation ◽  
Global Minimum ◽  
International Aid ◽  
Basic Income ◽  
Extreme Poverty ◽  
Minimum Income ◽  
Poor Person ◽  
Moral System ◽  
The Rich

Abstract Global GDP is more than 100 trillion dollars, yet 10 % of the world’s population still live in extreme poverty on less than $1.90 per day. No one should have to live like that: alleviating poverty is a minimal moral obligation implied by nearly every secular and religious moral system. Unfortunately, neither economic growth nor conventional international aid can be relied upon to fulfil this obligation. A global basic income programme that transferred $1 per day from the rich world to each poor person would eliminate extreme poverty directly and at negligible cost. It is the least we should do.

Improving Employee Selection with Online Testing

2010 ◽  
pp. 902-909
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Pollack
Keyword(s):  
Social Desirability ◽  
Employee Selection ◽  
Online Testing ◽  
Turnover Rates ◽  
Job Fit ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Training Costs ◽  
Employment Testing ◽  
Poor Person

Advances in technology now enable employers to utilize computers to administer online employee selection tests, which result in lower costs, increased efficiency, and fewer transcription errors (Richman, Kiesler, Weisband, & Drasgow, 1999; Tippins et al., 2006). Additionally, online employment testing software can effectively and efficiently assist in identifying individuals best suited to an occupation, reducing poor person-job fit, lowering turnover rates, decreasing training costs, and minimizing errors in hiring (Bingham, Ilg, & Davidson, 2002; Mooney, 2002). This article addresses issues related to online employment testing software including types of tests available, validity and reliability, proctoring, and social desirability. Additional terms are defined and implications and future directions for research are discussed.

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