scholarly journals Congenital high airway obstruction syndrome: prenatal ultrasound diagnosis and literature review

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-148
Author(s):  
Bashiru B Jimah ◽  
Teresa A Mensah ◽  
Kofi Ulzen-Appiah ◽  
Benjamin D Sarkodie ◽  
Edwin Gwira-Tamattey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Upper Airways ◽  
Fetal Demise ◽  
True Incidence ◽  
Laryngeal Atresia ◽  
Ex Utero Intrapartum Treatment ◽  
Threatening Condition ◽  
Life Threatening

Congenital high airway obstruction syndrome (CHAOS) is a rare congenital anomaly involving the upper airways (trachea, larynx). It is a life-threatening condition whose true incidence is unknown. The obstruction may be due to tracheal/laryngeal atresia, stenosis, or the presence of a mass lesion. Prognosis is poor, generally resulting in stillbirth or intrauterine fetal demise. Ex utero intrapartum treatment (EXIT) is possible if the condition is detected early. We present a case of CHAOS diagnosed during a second-trimester anomaly scan with postmortem confirmation and literature review.

scholarly journals Prenatal diagnosis of congenital high airway obstruction syndrome (CHAOS). Five case report.

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Halil Aslan ◽  
Ali Ekiz ◽  
Deniz Kanber Acar ◽  
Burchan Aydiner ◽  
Basak Kaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Prenatal Diagnosis ◽  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
Laryngeal Atresia ◽  
Tertiary Center ◽  
Ultrasound Findings ◽  
Threatening Condition ◽  
Life Threatening

Congenital high airway obstruction syndrome (CHAOS) is an extremely rare life-threatening condition. Laryngeal atresia appears to be the most frequent cause. Generally the diagnosis is made with severely enlarged and highly echogenic lungs and additional ultrasound findings. The prognosis of the affected infants is often poor. Five cases are reported here that were diagnosed in a tertiary center between 2008 and 2014.

scholarly journals Prenatal Diagnosis and Pathology of Laryngeal Atresia in Congenital High Airway Obstruction Syndrome

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piya Chaemsaithong ◽  
Tharintorn Chansoon ◽  
Boonsri Chanrachakul ◽  
Suchin Worawichawong ◽  
Sansanee Wongwaisayawan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Prenatal Diagnosis ◽  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
Pathological Examination ◽  
Congenital Cystic Adenomatoid Malformation ◽  
External Compression ◽  
Laryngeal Atresia ◽  
Threatening Condition ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Elective Termination

Congenital high airway obstruction syndrome is a rare but life-threatening condition. Therefore, prenatal diagnosis is important. The obstruction can be due to laryngeal/tracheal atresia or external compression. While a differential diagnosis with congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation (CCAM) type III may be difficult, it is still possible with ultrasonography. In this study, we report a case of bilateral echogenic lungs with hydrops fetalis. After the prenatal diagnosis of laryngeal atresia, the couple opted to have an elective termination of pregnancy performed at 20 weeks of gestation. The diagnosis was confirmed by a complete pathological examination.

EARLY DETECTION OF FAT EMBOLISM SYNDROME IN TRAUMATOLOGY (LITERATURE REVIEW)

2021 ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
MAKSIM D. OSIPOV
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Fat Embolism ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Severe Condition ◽  
Fat Embolism Syndrome ◽  
Embolism Syndrome ◽  
Threatening Condition ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
The Many

Fat embolism syndrome is one of the many complications in traumatology, which carries a serious danger due to the difficult diagnosis at the early stages of its development. In many medical sources, fat embolism syndrome is described as a severe condition characterized by obturation of blood vessels by embolus, which are represented by fat droplets larger than 7-9 microns. Fat embolism is usually caused by trauma, accompanied by crushing of tissues. This is especially common in fractures of the tubular bones as a result of high-energy trauma. As exemplified in the medical literature about 6-7 % of isolated fractures and 37 % of combined injuries lead to the appearance of fat embolism syndrome. Much more often, fat embolism develops in open fractures, and the frequency of its occurrence increases with a combination of open and closed fractures. Due to the fact that fat embolism is a life-threatening condition, early detection of this pathology is necessary. The purpose of this literature review is to study the pathogenesis of fat embolism, as well as the possibilities, problems and methods of early diagnosis of this pathology in trauma practice...

scholarly journals Emergent thyroidectomy with sternotomy due to acute respiratory failure with severe thyroid storm

2018 ◽  
Vol 100 (8) ◽  
pp. e223-e225
Author(s):  
A Matsushita ◽  
S Hosokawa ◽  
D Mochizuki ◽  
J Okamura ◽  
K Funai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Acute Respiratory Failure ◽  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
Total Thyroidectomy ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Thyroid Storm ◽  
Graves Disease ◽  
Nasal Intubation ◽  
Threatening Condition ◽  
Life Threatening

Huge cervical and mediastinal masses may lead to acute respiratory failure caused by laryngotracheal compression and airway obstruction. Thyroid storm is also a life-threatening endocrine emergency originating almost exclusively from uncontrolled Graves’ disease. We report a case of a 42-year-old man with acute upper airway obstruction and tachycardia from progressive swelling of a giant thyroid, in conjunction with thyroid storm resulting from uncontrolled Graves’ disease. Fibreoptic-assisted nasal intubation was performed while the patient was awake, immediately followed by emergency total thyroidectomy via a cervical and sternal approach. The patient had an uneventful postoperative course and recovered well. Respiratory failure due to swelling of a giant thyroid is a life-threatening condition and should be treated immediately with endotracheal intubation while the patient is awake following emergent total thyroidectomy, even with a sternotomy.

scholarly journals Cardiac tamponade as a late complication of a minor trauma due to syncope: A case report and literature review

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo Guarino ◽  
Alessandra Bologna ◽  
Alfredo De Giorgi ◽  
Michele D Spampinato ◽  
Christian Molino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Cardiac Tamponade ◽  
Blunt Chest Trauma ◽  
Chest Trauma ◽  
Late Complication ◽  
Minor Trauma ◽  
Threatening Condition ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
A Minor

Haemopericardium with cardiac tamponade following minor blunt trauma is a rare, life-threatening condition. The diagnosis of cardiac tamponade as well as therapeutic management may be delayed, since the link between trauma and illness is often overlooked. We report the case of an old woman who developed a relatively delayed cardiac tamponade due to an otherwise minor blunt chest trauma following syncope.

scholarly journals Case Report: severe hemoperitoneum due to spontaneous rupture of uterine vessels during the second trimester of pregnancy

F1000Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 568
Author(s):  
G.V. Ishara Geelaka Bandara Jayarathna ◽  
G.K. Chaminda Jayalath ◽  
Ramya Pathiraja
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Spontaneous Rupture ◽  
Emergency Laparotomy ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Rare Occurrence ◽  
Healthy Baby ◽  
Induced Hypertension ◽  
Threatening Condition ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Uterine Vessels

Spontaneous rupture of uterine vessels during pregnancy is a life-threatening condition though, it has a rare occurrence. This case report discusses about a 32-year-old lady at 16 weeks of gestation presented with spontaneous rupture of uterine artery and she was managed with emergency laparotomy with suturing of ruptured artery. She had delivered a healthy baby after 37 weeks of gestation by a caesarean section due to pregnancy induced hypertension at 36 weeks of gestation.

scholarly journals Disseminated Intravascular Coagulopathy following Induced Second Trimester Curettage Abortion

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Paulami Guha
Keyword(s):  
Recovery Period ◽  
Uneventful Recovery ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Trimester Abortion ◽  
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulopathy ◽  
Threatening Condition ◽  
Intravascular Coagulopathy ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Second Trimester Abortion ◽  
Packed Rbcs

Background. This is a case of 18-year-old adolescent girl admitted with profuse vaginal bleeding following induced second trimester curettage abortion at 13 weeks of gestation. Case. Her transvaginal sonogram detected retained products of conceptus, and her blood reports revealed a full blown picture of DIC. Dilatation and evacuation was done after initial resuscitation with packed RBCs and platelet concentrates. She had an uneventful recovery period. Conclusion. DIC is an extremely life-threatening condition which can occur as a very infrequent complication of second trimester abortion.

A rare form of congenital high airway obstruction syndrome and a literature review of ex utero intrapartum treatment

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seifeldin Sadek ◽  
Hajoon Chun
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
Mainstem Bronchus ◽  
Viable Option ◽  
Rare Form ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
Exit Procedure ◽  
Ex Utero Intrapartum Treatment ◽  
Rare Malformation

Abstract Objective This is a rare presentation of a fetus with a right mainstem bronchus occlusion leading to congenital high airway obstruction syndrome (CHAOS). Methods A review of 15 articles reporting on the use of the ex utero intrapartum treatment (EXIT) procedure. Results A total of 22 reported cases of CHAOS had undergone the EXIT procedure from 1994 to 2016. Seventy-seven percent of fetuses that underwent EXIT were alive at the last point of follow-up, but only 36% were alive without any sequelae. Conclusion CHAOS is a rare malformation, but after the development of EXIT, survival is a viable option. It is associated with other malformations, but its etiology is entirely unknown.

Acute Edema of the Tongue: A Life-Threatening Condition

2003 ◽  
Vol 112 (7) ◽  
pp. 651-653 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hussein Gadban ◽  
Yoav Talmon ◽  
Peter Gilbey ◽  
Alvin Samet
Keyword(s):  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Upper Airway Obstruction ◽  
Emergency Intervention ◽  
First Case ◽  
Threatening Condition ◽  
Life Threatening

Acute macroglossia is rare, but may cause upper airway obstruction requiring emergency intervention. The cause of the problem is often obscure. Edema of the tongue may be due to angioedema or to allergy. We present several cases of acute edema of the tongue, in 3 cases causing life-threatening airway obstruction. Among these, we present the first case of acute enlargement of the tongue due to the ingestion of artichoke.

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