Mediating Role of Social Support on the Relationship among Depression Perceive Stress, Stressful Life Event and Cardiovascular Diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khansa Mubashir ◽  
Ruqia Safdar Bajwa ◽  
Malik Mureed Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Psychological Stressors ◽  
Cardiovascular Patients ◽  
The Relationship

Study was designed to examine the relationship between well-being and environmental factors and their influence on cardiovascular disease. Cross sectional and co-relational research design were adopted. Data was collected over a span of 04 months from Multan Institute of Cardiology (MIC) and from the cardiology ward 1-A Nishtar Hospital Multan. A purposive sample of 200 cardiovascular patients was requested to provide information regarding stressful life events, perceived stress, depression, social support and cardiovascular diseases. Sample of 200 cardiovascular patients consisted of 100 males and 100 females. Independent sample t-test, ANOVA as well as PLS-SEM (structural equation modeling) was used to examine the hypothesis.  Results informed about the positive impact of psychological stressors on cardiovascular diseases which was partly mediated by social support, because social support effect the way CVD patients perceives the stress full events as well as decrease the threshold of psychological stressors. It was concluded that psychological stressors (Depression, Perceived stress, Stressful life events) and low social support increases the severity of cardiovascular diseases within a short duration among cardiovascular patients. Patients with mild psychological stressors and high social support sustain a milder form of CVD disease e.g. Hypertension for longer time duration without shifting to sever form of cardiovascular diseases while on the other hand contrary happen in the case of high   level of psychological stressors and lower level of social support.

scholarly journals Stressful life events among incarcerated women and men: Association with depression, loneliness, hopelessness, and suicidality

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly E. Moore ◽  
Shania Siebert ◽  
Garrett Brown ◽  
Julia Felton ◽  
Jennifer E. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Justice-involved populations report a higher than average number of pre-incarceration stressful life events. However, few studies have described stressful life events which occur during incarceration, explored gender differences in these events, or evaluated the effect of these events on well-being. Method This study draws from a sample of male and female adults incarcerated in 6 prison facilities across two states (n = 160) to identify the number and type of stressful life events they experienced during incarceration, gender differences in stressful events, and the relationship between stressful life events and markers of well-being (i.e., depression, hopelessness, loneliness, suicidality). We also examined whether perceived social support would buffer the relationship between stressful events and well-being outcomes. Results Participants on average reported experiencing 4 stressful life events during their current incarceration, the most common being relocation to another cell and being made fun of/insulted by someone in the prison. There were few gender differences in types of events experienced. Regression analyses showed that stressful life events were associated with more loneliness, as well as suicidality, but only when participants had low perceived social support. Conclusions Stressful life events, and drawing on social support networks to cope with stress, should be addressed in the context of correctional treatments to reduce suicide risk during incarceration.

scholarly journals COVID-19: Companion Animals Help People Cope during Government-Imposed Social Isolation

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Johnson ◽  
Shelly Volsche
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Companion Animals ◽  
Likert Scale ◽  
Living Alone ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
The Impact

Abstract This research explores the impact of government-imposed social isolation orders on homes with companion animals. Data were collected April through May 2020, the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. A survey of 234 Americans observing social isolation orders included demographic questions; questions about relationships to other persons and companion animals within the home; and Likert-scale questions designed to probe the complexities of these relationships and their influences on perceived stress and isolation. We hypothesized that the presence of companion animals helps to mitigate stressors related to observing social isolation orders, with those living alone experiencing more benefit and homes with children experiencing less. The results suggest that the presence of companion animals alleviates stress and isolation by providing attachment figures and activities on which to focus one’s energy. These results support that companion animals are increasingly viewed as members of one’s family and provide social support during stressful life events.

scholarly journals The Role of Perceived Social Support in the Association Between Stressful Life Events and Suicidal Behavior

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balpreet Panesar ◽  
Tea Rosic ◽  
Myanca Rodrigues ◽  
Nitika Sanger ◽  
Natasha Baptist-Mohseni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Suicide Intent ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Suicide is a serious public health concern for which there have been well-established protective and risk factors reported in literature. There is a lack of evidence on the indirect effects of other variables on these factors. Specifically, the association between stressful life events and suicidal behavior may be affected by perceived social support, but its role in this association is largely uninvestigated.Objectives: Thus, this paper aims to explore the role of perceived social support in the association between stressful life events and suicidal behavior. Perceived social support will be explored as a mediator and as a moderator in this association.Methods: Data were obtained from the Determinants of Suicidal Behavior Conventional and Emergent Risk (DISCOVER), a study conducted to identify risk factors of suicidal behavior. The study participants are individuals with suicide attempts admitted to hospital. Participants (n = 343) were recruited from hospital setting. Suicidal behavior was measured using two outcomes (1) the occurrence of a suicide attempt (2) level of suicide intent as measured by the Pierce Suicide Intent Scale. Perceived social support was measured using the Sarason Social Support Questionnaire.Results: Stressful life events were significantly associated with suicide attempts (OR 1.440, 95% CI 1.440, 1.682, p < 0.001) and perceived social support (B −0.785, 95% CI −1.501, −0.068, p = 0.032). There was no significant mediation effect by perceived social support in the association between stressful life events and suicide attempts (Sobel's test statistic 1.64, p = 0.100). Perceived social support did not moderate the relationship between stressful life events and suicide attempts [(OR 1.007, 95% CI 0.987, 1.027, p = 0.514] or the relationship between stressful life events and level of suicidal intent (B −0.043, 95% CI −0.132, 0.046, p = 0.343).Conclusion: Stressful life events are associated with increased risk of suicide attempts. The study also identified an inverse relationship between stressful life events and perceived social support. These associations were independent of perceived social support. This study highlights the effects of stressful life events on suicide risk is not affected by perceived social support, requiring further investigation into measures to reduce the impact of social stressors on people with risk of suicide.

The Impact of Stressful Life Events and Social Support on Drinking among Older Adults: A General Population Survey

1992 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen M. Jennison
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Drinking Behavior ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Stress Buffering ◽  
The Impact

This article is an analysis of stressful life events, the buffering hypothesis, and alcohol use in a national sample of 1,418 respondents 60 years of age and over. The results indicate that older adults who experience stressful losses are significantly more likely to drink excessively than those who have not experienced such losses or who have experienced them to a lesser extent. Increased drinking among older adults may therefore be a reaction to life circumstances in which alcohol represents an attempt to cope with traumatic loss, personal as well as within the kinship network. Supportive resources of spouse, family, friends, and church appear to have a stress-buffering effects that reduces the excessive-drinking response to life crisis. Data suggest, however, that older persons are vulnerable to the magnitude of losses experienced as they grow older and lose more of their family, friends, and peers. These stressors appear to seriously impact their drinking behavior and are not effectively buffered. Respondents report that drinking may increase during periods of prolonged exposure to emotionally depleting life change and loss, when supportive needs may exceed the capacities of personal and social support resources.

The Relationship Between Stressful Life Events and Cognitive Function in HIV-Infected Men

2003 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 436-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole D. Pukay-Martin ◽  
Sarah A. Cristiani ◽  
Radu Saveanu ◽  
Robert A. Bornstein
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
The Relationship
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