scholarly journals Survey on Prevalence of Vegadharana as a Risk Factor for Cardiac Disorders- An Observational Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 38-45
Author(s):  
Lolashri S.J ◽  
Kiran M Goud ◽  
Prasanna Kulkarni
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Heart Association ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Established Disease ◽  
Cardiac Disorders ◽  
Questionnaire Method

The present era, which is a reflection of changing major driving forces such as social, economic and cultural due to globalization, urbanization and population ageing. By this change, there is raise in the prevalence of certain non-communicable diseases. Cardiac disorders are among such which stands first in increasing mortality rate about 31% globally. Now a day, the prevalence rate is increasing due to behavioral risk factors like tobacco use, unhealthy diet, obesity, physical inactivity, alcohol and smoking. People are also at higher risk of these disorders with the presence of high risk of one or more already established disease conditions like Hyperlipidemia, Hypertension, Diabetes mellitus etc. Indians are being affected by high rates of these major risk factors which are striking for cardiac disorders at an earlier age almost 33% earlier than other demographical regions. Considering all these many organizations like MRFIT, American Heart association, National Lipid organization etc. are conducting various trials since four decades to establish the appropriate relation with risk factors to plan the better lines of management. Ayurveda explains about the concept of Dharaneeya and Adharaneeya vegas, where in Acharyas emphasize that many of the systemic diseases are caused by the forceful suppression of natural urges. Among 13 Dharaneeya vegas 9 are found to be the risk factors in causing various cardiac disorders. With this regard to explore and to assess the prevalence of Vegadharana as risk factor for cardiac disorders, an attempt has made as a pilot survey study on 40 cardiac patients. Aim: To understand the Prevalence and epidemiology of Vegadharana in Cardiac disorders. To observe the Co-relation between Vegadharana and Cardiac disorders. Methodology: It is a Pilot observational study done by using a survey strategy. The questionnaire method in an electronic format was used to collect the data. Descriptive statistics and Co-relation Co-efficient was used to analyze the data obtained. Result: In this Pilot study, the sum of the prevalence of Vegadharana was observed it was found that the frequency of Vegadharana was more in cardiac individuals, especially the category of few times and sometimes with n value=76 and 64 respectively. Conclusion: With the above data, it can be concluded that; Vegadharana has an impact on the expectancy of Cardiac disorders. The data also revealed the co-relation of Vegadharana in permutation which are signifying as higher risk factors in causing cardiac disorders.

Abstract 18634: Favorable Cardiovascular Health and the Compression of Morbidity: Findings From the Chicago Heart Detection Project in Industry Study

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 132 (suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Norrina B Allen ◽  
Lihui Zhao ◽  
Lei Liu ◽  
Martha Daviglus ◽  
Kiang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Healthcare Costs ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Heart Association ◽  
Baseline Risk ◽  
Compression Of Morbidity ◽  
High Risk Factors ◽  
Morbidity Score

Introduction: We sought to determine the association of CV health at younger ages with the proportion of life lived free of morbidity, the cumulative burden of morbidity, and average healthcare costs at older ages. Methods: The Chicago Heart Association (CHA) study is a longitudinal cohort of employed men and women aged 18-59 years at baseline exam in 1967-1973. Baseline risk factor levels included blood pressure, cholesterol, diabetes, BMI and smoking. Individuals were classified into one of four strata: favorable levels of all factors, 0 factors high but 1+ elevated, 1 high, and ≥2 high risk factors. Linked CMS/NDI data from 1984-2010 were used to determine morbidity in older age providing up to 40 years of follow-up. We included participants who were age 65+ between 1984 and 2010 and enrolled in Medicare FFS. All-cause morbidity was defined using the Gagne score. A CV morbidity score was defined as the sum of 4 CVDs including CHD (includes MI), PVD, cerebrovascular disease and CHF. Results: We included 25,390 participants (43% female, 90% White, mean age 44 at baseline); 6% had favorable levels, 19% had 1+ risk factors at elevated levels, 40% had 1 high risk factor and 35% had 2+ high risk factors. As compared to those with 2+ high risk factors, favorable CV health had lower levels of all-cause and CV morbidity from age 65-90 years, and a lower cumulative morbidity burden (p<0.001) translating to lower average annual healthcare costs ($15,905 vs $20,791 per year, p<0.001). Favorable CV health postponed the onset of all-cause morbidity by 4.5 years, the onset of CV morbidity by almost 7 years and extended life by almost 4 years resulting in a compression of morbidity on both the absolute and relative scale (see figure). Conclusion: Individuals in favorable CV health live a longer, healthier life and a greater proportion of life free of morbidity. These findings provide support for prevention efforts aimed at preserving cardiovascular health and reducing the burden of disease in older ages.

REPRINT OF: The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveys: I. State-Specific Prevalence Estimates of Behavioral Risk Factors

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 779-786
Author(s):  
James S. Marks ◽  
Gary C. Hogelin ◽  
Eileen M. Gentry ◽  
Jack T. Jones ◽  
Karen L. Gaines ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factors ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factor ◽  
Prevalence Estimates

P3818Association between e-cigarette use and myocardial infarction: analysis of two large population-representative studies in USA

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
K Farsalinos ◽  
V Voudris ◽  
R Niaura
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Former Smokers

Abstract Background Smoking is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. E-cigarettes are an emerging and controversial public health issue. It is unknown how e-cigarette use affects cardiovascular disease. Purpose In this study, we examine the association between e-cigarette use and myocardial infarction (MI) in two large population-representative studies in USA. Methods The study analyzed the 2016 and 2017 (pooled) National Health Interview Survey (NHIS, N=59,770) and the 2017 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System survey (BRFSS, N=450,016). Proportions (95% CI) were calculated and logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the association between e-cigarette use and MI. Independent variables in the models were demographics, e-cigarette use (daily, some days, former, never), smoking status (daily, some days, former, never) and risk factors for MI (hyperlipidemia, hypertension, diabetes, BMI). Exercise was also introduced as an independent variable, where available (BRFSS only). Results In NHIS, 90.9% (88.8–93.0%) of daily e-cigarette users were current or former smokers. The respective proportion in BRFSS was 86.3% (85.3–87.3%). The majority of some days and former e-cigarette users (≥70%) were also current or former smokers in both surveys. MI was reported by 4.2% (2.7–5.7%) of daily vs. 3.2% (3.0–3.4%) of never e-cigarette users in NHIS (P=NS), and 4.2% (3.5–6.1%) vs. 4.4% (4.2–4.5%) in BRFSS (P=NS), respectively. In NHIS, daily e-cigarette use was not associated with MI (OR: 1.59, 95% CI: 0.97–2.61, P=0.067). Some days and former e-cigarette use were also not associated with MI. In the BRFSS, daily e-cigarette use was not associated with MI (OR: 1.40, 95% CI: 0.96–2.04, P=0.077), but some days (OR: 1.51, 95% CI: 1.09–2.11, P=0.014) and former e-cigarette use (OR: 1.14, 95% CI: 1.02–1.28, P=0.021) were associated with MI. In both surveys, all patterns of smoking (daily, some days and former smoking) and established risk factors (hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes) were consistently and strongly associated with MI. ORs for MI Conclusion E-cigarettes are predominantly used by current and former smokers. Daily e-cigarette use was not associated with having had an MI, while inconsistent and seemingly paradoxical associations are observed for some days and former e-cigarette use. Long-term epidemiological studies are needed to examine how e-cigarette use affects the risk of MI, considering the complex interactions between smoking and e-cigarette use. Acknowledgement/Funding None

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