Informing the regulatory framework on water and sanitation in Southern Africa: The emerging governance framework accompanying SDG 6

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 39-61
Author(s):  
Germarié Viljoen ◽  
Bronwen Qumbu
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Goal Setting ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
Human Suffering ◽  
Water And Sanitation ◽  
2030 Agenda ◽  
The People ◽  
Water Borne

At least 40% of the people in the Southern African Development Community (SADC) region do not have access to safe water and sanitation, rendering them vulnerable to prolonged conflicts and catastrophes, including exposure to water-borne diseases, other pandemics, poverty and human suffering. Although several international and African regional treaties support the human rights to water and sanitation, the ability of the SADC regulatory framework to give effect to these rights is concerning. In fact, available literature on the SADC’s ability to meaningfully realise these rights is fragmented and scant. This article examines theoretically a novel governance approach to the implementation of Sustainable Goal 6 of the United Nations 2030 Agenda. The article argues that the coercion through regional ‘goal setting’ may provide a conclusive, regional response to the continuing development of water and sanitation rights in the SADC region.

scholarly journals New Approaches to Monitor Inequalities in Access to Water and Sanitation: The SDGs in Latin America and the Caribbean

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 931 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vitor Carvalho Queiroz ◽  
Rodrigo Coelho de Carvalho ◽  
Léo Heller
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Regional Heterogeneity ◽  
Water And Sanitation ◽  
Sanitation Services ◽  
2030 Agenda ◽  
Access To Water ◽  
Assessment And Monitoring ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Normative Content

In the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, Targets 6.1 and 6.2 show, in their formulation, some alignment with the normative content of the human rights to water and sanitation (HRWS). However, the principle of equality and non-discrimination, which applies to all human rights, was not clearly incorporated into the indicators adopted to assess and monitor these targets. This paper contributes to bridging this gap by proposing two methodological strategies to address inequalities in analyses of access to water and sanitation services. The first consists in adjusting the indicators of access to these services according to inequality. The second proposes an assessment of intersecting forms of inequality. An application of these methods in Latin America and the Caribbean highlights significant regional heterogeneity and elevated inequality in access to services in the countries of this region. The methods demonstrate their potential in contributing to assessment and monitoring of the SDGs, but outdated or lacking data are obstacles to more in-depth analyses.

Psychology, Human Rights, and the Implementation of the United Nations’ 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development

2020 ◽  
pp. 591-606
Author(s):  
Neal S. Rubin ◽  
Roseanne L. Flores ◽  
Juneau Mahan Gary ◽  
Susan A. Nolan ◽  
Teresa M. Ober
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
United Nations ◽  
2030 Agenda ◽  
The United Nations

scholarly journals On the Changing Structure of International Investment Law: The Human Right to Water and ICSID Arbitration

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrizio Marrella
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
International Investment ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Water And Sanitation ◽  
International Investment Law ◽  
Business And Human Rights ◽  
The People ◽  
Independent Expert ◽  
The Right

AbstractWater is the world’s third largest industry after oil and energy power. Although clean drinking water and sanitation are necessary for the health and development of individuals and communities, even today, billions of people lack access to either. In response to these concerns, the international community has set a Millennium Development Goal (MDG) of providing, by 2015, clean water and improved sanitation to at least half of the people worldwide who now lack these services. Water is treated both as a public good and an economic good. In the last decade, we have witnessed the commoditisation through privatization and liberalisation of an essential good for each individual’s life. Transnational corporations may encounter water issues in at least three different contexts: a) as enablers of access to water; b) as providers or distributors of water and c) as a user or consumer of water. Many initiatives have been developed within the United Nations such as the Global Compact and the appointment of both an independent expert on human rights obligations related to access to safe drinking water and sanitation and a Special Representative of the Secretary General on business and human rights. Both of them are mainstreaming human rights in the business sector reconciling different forms of regulations. The right to water has come into discussion in a number of ICSID arbitrations and other cases are still pending. The purpose of this article is to discuss the advancement of the thinking in this field so that it could be applied in arbitration practice.

scholarly journals Development cooperation in water and sanitation: is it based on the human rights framework?

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 2247-2256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin Brown ◽  
Léo Heller
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
International Development ◽  
Development Cooperation ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Coordinated Development ◽  
Water And Sanitation ◽  
2030 Agenda ◽  
International Development Cooperation ◽  
The Way

Abstract The water and sanitation sector is verifiably receiving increased attention and funding through international development cooperation. Not least because of the way that it affects incentives and institutions in partner countries, development cooperation can have either positive or negative effects on human rights though. The consolidated frameworks for the human rights to water and sanitation is becoming linked to the international community’s coordinated development efforts, as evidenced notably in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. However, a review of major funders’ official policies for development cooperation in the sector suggests that many only partially endorse the frameworks for the human rights to water and sanitation. An observation of development cooperation flows to the sector allows the hypothesis to be advanced that worldwide inequalities in access to these services may be reduced through a full and clear application of the human rights framework in development cooperation activities. The article presents findings of this research and explores key stakes for development cooperation in the water and sanitation sector that are relevant for their ability to either negatively or positively contribute to the realization of human rights.

scholarly journals 2030 Agenda for Drinking Water, Sanitation and Hygiene in Latin America and the Caribbean: A Look from the Human Rights Perspective

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Water And Sanitation ◽  
Sanitation Services ◽  
2030 Agenda ◽  
Sanitation And Hygiene ◽  
Access To Water ◽  
The Caribbean

This document was inspired by the need to promote comprehensive actions in the management of water and sanitation services with a human rights focus within the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) related to drinking water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) in the countries of Latin America and the Caribbean; in addition, it ratifies the results reported in a PAHO study (2016) on the profound inequalities between urban and rural areas in access to water and sewage services, and the correlation with characteristics such as gender, age, income, education, among others. This report assumed this challenge using a methodology based on the Human Rights to Safe Drinking Water and Sanitation (HRWS) analytical framework. This report seeks to provide the most up-to-date overview of the SDG targets 6.1 and 6.2 situation in Latin America and the Caribbean. Besides outlining the general situation of countries, it presents some elements regarding human rights and the targets 6.1 and 6.2 that have been neglected in the initial monitoring of the 2030 Agenda, above all, the dimensions of inequality and affordability. This report presents four case studies, one per sub-regional block, with a more detailed characterization of the national and subnational situations of Colombia, Brazil, Mexico, and the Dominican Republic. The results of this study show that a significant proportion of the Latin American and Caribbean population still lacks adequate access to water and sanitation services. Only 65% of the population has access to safely managed water services, a percentage lower than that reported worldwide, which is 71%. With regard to safely managed sanitation services, the situation is even more critical, with an access level of 39% worldwide being reported, compared to 22% in our Region.

scholarly journals EDUCATION FOR STRENGTHENING OF CULTURE OF PEACE AND CULTURE OF COMPLIANCE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Sander Xavier Pires ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Political Context ◽  
General Assembly ◽  
Universal Education ◽  
2030 Agenda ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
Culture Of Peace ◽  
Democratic Societies

Nowadays, the world lives in a constant and deeper reconstruction movement seeking for ensure the friendly relationship among the individuals as the foundation of the democratic societies, in civil and political context, whose fundamental element is the universal education in all level that can get closer the people by dialogue, tolerance, and respect through the responsible and true information in the sense of construct the positive awareness focused on peace and compliance. So, the paper intends to analyze the last resolutions from the General Assembly of United Nations to try contribute with the discuss about the question: is it possible to approach culture of peace and culture of compliance by the education’s purposes while contribute to fulfill of the set on the 2030 Agenda?

scholarly journals International Development Cooperation in the Fields of Water and Sanitation: A Comparative Study of the United States and the Spanish Approaches in Latin America and the Caribbean

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Sergio Colina Martín
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Latin America ◽  
International Development ◽  
The United States ◽  
Development Cooperation ◽  
Water And Sanitation ◽  
2030 Agenda ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
International Development Cooperation

In the last decade, the access to drinking water and sanitation have been acknowledged as human rights by the international community; they have also been recognized as a crucial goal for achieving sustainable development for all, in the framework of the 2030 Agenda. The need for international cooperation in those fields has gained new attention, and several multilateral actors and development agencies (including USAID and AECID) have consolidated or amplified their support to the WASH sector in developing countries. A comparative analysis of the different ways in which the United States and the Spanish cooperation conceive, design and implement their development programmes in Latin America and the Caribbean can contribute to a better understanding on the strategies to effectively protect and promote those human rights and to achieve SDG 6.

scholarly journals The progressive realization of human rights to water: the legal basis, policy implications, and monitoring challenge

2018 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
pp. 08006
Author(s):  
Anindrya Nastiti ◽  
Teddy Prasetiawan
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
General Assembly ◽  
Single Variable ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Water And Sanitation ◽  
United Nations General ◽  
United Nations General Assembly

Since 2010, the United Nations General Assembly had explicitly recognized the human right to water and sanitation and obliged States to provide for its progressive realization and entitles everyone to sufficient, safe, acceptable, physically accessible and affordable water for essential personal and domestic uses. This paper scrutinizes the legal basis and the policy implication for human right to water in Indonesia, before and following the annulment of the Water Resource Law 7/2004. This paper considers that one of the greatest challenges is to find an appropriate and internationally-comparable methodology in measuring the progressive realization of human rights to water and sanitation. We also highlight the importance of composite indicators and concludes that single variable indicators are insufficient to capture the range of issues involved in the realization of the human rights to water.

scholarly journals Human Security and the Israel-Palestine Conflict: External vs. Internal Perspectives

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia Baranovich ◽  
Ravichandran Moorthy
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Human Security ◽  
Human Rights Abuses ◽  
Protracted Conflict ◽  
The People ◽  
United Nations Declaration ◽  
The Right

The formation of the State of Israel in 1948 has led to bloody course of events, which continues to this day, as to who has the right to claim the land home; the Palestinian-Arabs (mostly Muslim) or the Jewish (mostly non-Arab residents). The Israel-Palestine conflict is one of the most violent and bloodiest protracted conflict in the post World War II era, which has resulted in massive human casualties and human rights abuses for decades. The numerous wars in conjunction with the rise of militant groups like Hezbollah and Hamas have led to the development of a human security dilemma in Palestine and Israel. Decades of violence and destruction have resulted in massive human casualties, political chaos and disruption to the way of life of the people in the region. The concept of human security began to enter mainstream human rights, security and international politics debate, more prominently, after the release of the 1994 report United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) report on Human Development. The report is essentially explicit manifestations of the human rights principles enshrined in the 1948 United Nations Declaration of Humans Rights (UNDHR). Human security pushes for intense promotion and greater respect for human life in all spheres of human endeavors. This article inspects the human security dimension present in the Israel-Palestine conflict. This article encompasses two major parts. The first part provides an external understanding of how human security principles can be applied to Israel- Palestine conflict and how it affects the possibility of peace. Secondly, the article addresses the question on how people ‘inside’ the conflict view human security and the possibility of peace.  

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document