scholarly journals Policy Framework for Myanmar Rice Production and In-Depth Study on Greenhouse Gas Emissions

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
BO Sander ◽  
◽  
Lai Lai ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Extremes ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Rice Area ◽  
Interactive Nature ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Low Precipitation

This study assesses the interactive nature of rice and climate change in the context of Myanmar, one of the largest rice-producing countries. In the first section, special emphasis is given to the current situation of Myanmar’s rice production as affected by climate change alongside with possible adaptation strategies. Since only a small share (23.6 %) of the rice area is irrigated, low precipitation climate extremes directly translate into either drought problems due to limited access of water in case of drought or flood problems due to limited drainage. Moreover, more than half of the national rice production derives from the Ayaryewady delta, so that Myanmar’s food security is very susceptible to impacts triggered tropical cyclones such as “Nargis” in 2008. The scope of adaptation to climate change is elaborated at different levels ranging technical options for increasing resilience of the rice crop to policies that alleviate risks for farmers.

DISSEMINATION AND USE OF INFORMATION ON CLIMATE CHANGE AND VARIABILITY: A CASE STUDY OF FARMERS IN MALUGA AND CHIBELA VILLAGES IN SEMI-ARID CENTRAL TANZANIA

Mousaion ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Elia ◽  
Stephen Mutula ◽  
Christine Stilwell
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Diffusion Of Innovations ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change And Variability ◽  
Semi Arid

This study was part of broader PhD research which investigated how access to, and use of, information enhances adaptation to climate change and variability in the agricultural sector in semi-arid Central Tanzania. The research was carried out in two villages using Rogers’ Diffusion of Innovations theory and model to assess the dissemination of this information and its use by farmers in their adaptation of their farming practices to climate change and variability. This predominantly qualitative study employed a post-positivist paradigm. Some elements of a quantitative approach were also deployed in the data collection and analysis. The principal data collection methods were interviews and focus group discussions. The study population comprised farmers, agricultural extension officers and the Climate Change Adaptation in Africa project manager. Qualitative data were subjected to content analysis whereas quantitative data were analysed to generate mostly descriptive statistics using SPSS.  Key findings of the study show that farmers perceive a problem in the dissemination and use of climate information for agricultural development. They found access to agricultural inputs to be expensive, unreliable and untimely. To mitigate the adverse effects of climate change and variability on farming effectively, the study recommends the repackaging of current and accurate information on climate change and variability, farmer education and training, and collaboration between researchers, meteorology experts, and extension officers and farmers. Moreover, a clear policy framework for disseminating information related to climate change and variability is required.

scholarly journals Exploring the interactions between vulnerability, resilience and adaptation to extreme temperatures

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Raquel Nunes
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Separate Analysis ◽  
Extreme Temperatures ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
Integrated Assessments ◽  
Current Deficit ◽  
Different Levels

AbstractProposed ways of improving adaptation to climate change have most often been supported by narrowly framed and separate analysis. This article investigates how different levels of vulnerability and resilience interplay with adaptation to extreme temperatures, what is the nature of these relationships and whether lower vulnerability and higher resilience contribute to increased adaptation. This article explores the governance implications of a project that, unlike other, brings together vulnerability, resilience and adaptation assessments. The project has made significant advances in addressing the current deficit integrated assessments for shaping governance propositions. Such propositions argue that the diverse levels of vulnerability and resilience convey important bases for (1) targeting at-risk older individuals; (2) developing vulnerability reduction actions; (3) resilience building actions; and (4) understanding ‘success cases’ and learn from them for developing appropriate policy measures. Taken together, these propositions offer a social, psychological and health framework not simply for governing extreme temperatures but for governing responses to climate change at large.

POTENTIAL CLIMATE EFFECT ON JAPANESE RICE PRODUCTIVITY

2011 ◽  
Vol 02 (03) ◽  
pp. 237-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
KENTA TANAKA ◽  
SHUNSUKE MANAGI ◽  
KATSUNOBU KONDO ◽  
KIYOTAKA MASUDA ◽  
YASUTAKA YAMAMOTO
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Function Method ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Directional Distance Function ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Productivity Change ◽  
Dynamic Effects ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Climate Effect

Adaptation to climate change has become an important policy question in recent years. Agriculture is an economic activity that is most sensitive to climate change. We evaluate the dynamic effects of productivity change and individual efforts to adapt to climate change. Adaptation actions in agriculture are evaluated to determine how the climate affects production efficiency. In this paper, we use the bi-directional distance function method to measure Japanese rice production loss due to climate. We find that (1) accumulated precipitation has the greatest effect on rice production efficiency and (2) the climate effect on rice production efficiency decreases over time. Our results empirically support the benefit of the adaptation approach.

scholarly journals Impact of climate change on rice production: an empirical study in Kaski and Nawalparasi, Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-86
Author(s):  
Padma Pokhrel ◽  
Dinesh Dhakal ◽  
Devendra Gauchan ◽  
Harikrishna Panta ◽  
Ram P Mainali
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Production Temperature ◽  
Smart Technologies ◽  
Secondary Information

This study explores the relationship between climate variables to rice production in Kaski and Nawalparasi district of Nepal. The study was conducted in the year 2016. This study captured the time series data ranging from 1995 to 2014 on rice production, temperature and rainfall of two different districts and analyzed through panel data regression. Regarding primary data collection, a total of 120 sampled households were surveyed by using simple random sampling to understand the perception of farmers to change in climatic parameters using a semi-structured pre-tested questionnaire and Focus Group Discussions. The secondary information was collected from the Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock Development, Department of Hydrology and Meteorology and Centre Bureau of Statistics. The regression model revealed that seasonal rainfall had a linear relation on rice production (p<0.05). Respondents from both districts perceived that temperature, rainfall and hailstone had increased or varied than before. The major problems faced by the farmers of the study area due to climate change were prioritized as drought, flood hailstone, extreme hot and extreme cold. This necessitates the promotion and use of climate-smart technologies for better rice adaptation to climate change.

scholarly journals Recent advances in understanding the effects of climate change on the world’s oceans

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne B Hollowed ◽  
Manuel Barange ◽  
Véronique Garçon ◽  
Shin-ichi Ito ◽  
Jason S Link ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Climate Impacts ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
The Public ◽  
Ocean Science ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
The Many ◽  
Share Information ◽  
Different Levels

Abstract In June 2018, >600 scientists from over 50 countries attended the Fourth International Symposium on the Effects of Climate Change on the World’s Oceans (ECCWO-4). ECCWO-4 provided a forum for scientists to share information, build understanding, and advance responses to climate impacts on oceans and the many people, businesses and communities that depend on them. Seven Key Messages emerging from the symposium and relevant information from recently published literature are summarized. Recent scientific advances are improving our ability to understand, project, and assess the consequences of different levels of 21st century climate change for ocean ecosystems and ocean dependent communities. Outcomes of the symposium highlighted the need for on-going engagement with stakeholders, communities, and managers when considering the trade-offs associated with tactical and strategic opportunities for adaptation to climate change. Science informed adaptation frameworks that engage the public in their development are needed for effective management of marine resources in a changing climate. The summary provides a brief overview of the advances in climate-ocean science emerging from the symposium and provides context for the contributed papers within the broader socio-ecological advances of the discipline.

scholarly journals Characterization of the variability in climate extremes in the Ferkessédougou sugar complexes (Northern Côte d'Ivoire)

2021 ◽  
Vol 384 ◽  
pp. 203-211
Author(s):  
Affoué Berthe Yao ◽  
Sampah Georges Eblin ◽  
Loukou Alexis Brou ◽  
Kouakou Lazare Kouassi ◽  
Gla Blaise Ouede ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Extreme Temperature ◽  
Daily Rainfall ◽  
Climate Extremes ◽  
Climate Indices ◽  
Intense Rainfall ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Average Decrease ◽  
Extreme Climate

Abstract. This study aims to analyse the frequency, intensity and duration of extreme climate events in order to optimise sugarcane production in the Ferkessédougou sugar complexes. The methodological approach is based on the calculation of extreme climate indices defined by the Expert Team on Climate Change Detection and Indices (ETCCDI) from daily rainfall and temperature data observed at the Ferké 2 station over the period 1999–2018. The results show that the rainfall indices are negative, except for the number of consecutive dry days (CDD); this shows a decreasing trend in rainfall with, however, insignificant trends. Over the period 1999–2006, the number of intense rainfall days (R10 mm) decreased from 40 to 28 d with an average decrease of 0.3 d yr−1 and the number of very intense rainfall days (R20 mm) fluctuated between 26 and 2 d, with a slope of 0.083. The extreme temperature indices show statistically significant positive trends for the warm sequences; this confirms the rising of temperatures on both a local and national scale. This study could enable the Ferkessédougou sugar complexes managers to develop strategies for adaptation to climate change.

scholarly journals Large-scale evaluation of the effects of adaptation to climate change by shifting transplanting date on rice production and quality in Japan

2017 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 156-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasushi ISHIGOOKA ◽  
Shin FUKUI ◽  
Toshihiro HASEGAWA ◽  
Tsuneo KUWAGATA ◽  
Motoki NISHIMORI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Scale Evaluation

scholarly journals Revitalizing small urban streams as an instrument of urban planning in creating resilient cities

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-205
Author(s):  
Milena Dinic-Brankovic ◽  
Milica Markovic
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Urban Streams ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Small Streams

Small urban streams are an important element of blue-green infrastructure that is often underused, especially regarding storm water management. In addition, small streams in dense urban areas often seem to be polluted and devastated, or even buried underground. This paper discusses the problems and challenges that occur in urban areas regarding small streams and creeks, and explores how their revitalization can help in shaping more resilient communities. The study explores two cities, Graz and Oslo, and their best practice examples in revitalizing urban watercourses. As a valuable natural ?blue? capital, small streams can reduce the city?s risk of flooding from intense rainfall and strengthen the ecosystem. At the same time, small urban streams are cost effective, proactive and attractive elements of urban landscape. Research identifies the benefits that the process of revitalization of small urban streams brought about to the selected case studies regarding the environment, public health, social interactions, land use and adaptation to climate change. Furthermore, the research establishes urban planning guidelines for revitalization of watercourses that could help in setting up policy framework for adapting inherited urban settings to climate change.

scholarly journals Impacts of Climate Factors Influencing Rice Production in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
pp. 43-52
Author(s):  
Mahmuda Akter ◽  
Md. Mizanur Rahman Sarker
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Climate Extremes ◽  
Generalized Least Squares ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
Climate Change Pattern ◽  
Rice Yields

This study aims to study the climate change pattern, assess the situation of climate change, finding the influences of climate change on the production of rice, estimating a model between climate change and rice production in Bangladesh. Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), Generalized Least Squares (GLS), Feasible Generalized Least Squares (FGLS) were used in this study to compare the results. This study included all 64 districts of Bangladesh with a time span from 2011 to 2018. It included panel data of the production of Aus rice, Aman rice, Boro rice as well as HYV of each rice (Aus, Aman, Boro) of 64 districts of Bangladesh for agricultural data, temperature, rainfall and humidity of 64 districts for climate data. This study estimates the stochastic production function formulated by Just and Pope (1978, 1979), which allows the effect of inputs on the mean yield to differ from that on yield variance. The results showed that increased climate variability, climate extremes; in particular, exacerbate risk on Rice production in Bangladesh. Rice yields are sensitive to rainfall extremes, with both deficient and surplus rainfall increasing variability. For 1% increase in annual total rainfall, Mean Yield will decrease by 0.139%, 0.141%, 0.132% in OLS, GLS and FGLS method respectively, if other variables remaining the same. For 1% increase in annual average percentage of humidity, Mean Yield increases by 1.352%, 1.340%, 1.362% in OLS, GLS and FGLS method respectively, if other variables remaining the same. for 1% increase in HYV area, Mean Yield increases by 0.831% in OLS, GLS and FGLS method, if other variables remaining the same. Additionally, climate inputs, non-climate input, high yielding variety seeds are found to increase average yield.

Nutrients management and planting time adaptation to climate change for wet season rice production in subtropical India

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (10) ◽  
pp. 858
Author(s):  
Sushree Sagarika Satapathy ◽  
Dillip Kumar Swain ◽  
Surendranath Pasupalak ◽  
Srikantha Herath
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Adverse Impact ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Planting Time ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change

The projected adverse impact of climate change on food grain production of tropical and subtropical latitudes necessitates the development of suitable agro-adaptations. We used open top chamber (OTC) experimental facility and simulation analysis to study the effect of elevated [CO2] with varying nutrients management on rice grain yield and to evaluate planting time adjustment as adaptation to climate change. The OTC experiments with ambient [CO2] level ([CO2] ~390 ppm) and elevated [CO2] (25% higher than the ambient) using cultivar ‘Swarna sub1 (140–145 days)’ were conducted during wet season of the years 2011 and 2012 at West Medinipur, India. Using CERES model, we simulated rice grain yield for future climate scenario (A1B) during the years 2020 (2010–2039) and 2080 (2071–2099) at four selected locations of the subtropical India. The elevated [CO2] in OTC increased panicle number, but decreased filled grain number per panicle, 1000-grain weight and grain yield. The increasing [CO2] had smaller adverse impact for integrated nutrients management as compared with chemical fertiliser. The model simulated grain yield reduction of 6.1−13.0% during 2020 and 14.4 −25.0% during 2080 with rising temperature 1.6 and 4.6°C, respectively, compared with the base period (1961–1990). Early planting during 25 June to 25 July received closure favourable temperature and rainfall during the crop growing period, hence had better adaptation to the climate change. Increasing dose of integrated nutrients and early planting is expected to minimise the adverse impact of climate change on rice production of the subtropical India.

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