scholarly journals Defining Boundaries: Towards an Identity of The Malaysian Third Sector

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 259-272
Author(s):  
Nur Azam Anuarul Perai
Keyword(s):  
Third Sector ◽  
Operational Definition ◽  
Social Enterprises ◽  
The Third ◽  
Nonprofit Organisations ◽  
Descriptive Information ◽  
Information Research ◽  
Third Sector Organisations ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Primary Basis

Reviews of the literature suggest the Malaysian third sector lacks basic descriptive information. Research on what makes up the sector is scarce, indicating little effort was undertaken to define and identify its components from the Malaysian perspective. This paper proposes the scope of the Malaysian third sector by suggesting its boundaries and identifying the constituents. Inclusion was based on the structural-operational definition of third sector organisations developed by Salamon and Anheier (1992, 1996) and the primary basis for exclusion is distribution of profits to shareholders and promoters. It is proposed that social, voluntary, non-governmental and nonprofit organisations make up the Malaysian third sector, while state linked organisations and profit-distributing organisations such as cooperatives and social enterprises are excluded. Knowing the third sector’s boundaries and constituents would allow more focussed research to be undertaken; enabling actors, researchers, and policymakers to identify issues and develop policies and strategies to address them.

Enterprising activism

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leah Bassel ◽  
Akwugo Emejulu
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Third Sector ◽  
Minority Women ◽  
Enterprise Culture ◽  
Women's Activism ◽  
The Third ◽  
Welfare Mix ◽  
Third Sector Organisations ◽  
The Third Sector ◽  
The Impact

In this chapter, we explore how the changing politics of the third sector under austerity problematises minority women’s intersectional social justice claims in Scotland, England and France. We begin by exploring the ‘governable terrain’ of the third sector in each country since the 1990s. As the principle of a ‘welfare mix’ becomes normalised in each country, the reality of having different welfare providers vying for state contracts seems to prompt isomorphic changes whereby third sector organisations refashion themselves in the image of the private sector as a necessity for survival. We then move on to discuss the impact these changes in the third sector are having on minority women’s activism. We analyse how the idea of enterprise has become entrenched within these organisations and how an enterprise culture is problematically reshaping the ways in which organisations think about their mission, practices and programmes of work—especially in relation to minority women. We conclude with a discussion about what the marketisation of the third sector means for minority women. We argue that political racelessness is enacted through enterprise as minority women’s interests are de-politicised and de-prioritised through the transformation of the third sector.

scholarly journals Mainstreaming the Third Sector Economics by Adopting the Principles of Islamic Entrepreneurship: For Development with Equity and Social Justice

IIUC Studies ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 39-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafiqul Islam Molla
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Third Sector ◽  
Social Benefit ◽  
Social Enterprises ◽  
Defensive Strategy ◽  
For Profit ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Third Sector ◽  
European Colonialism

The ‘private’ and ‘public’ sector economics found their own strong places to play roles in the mainstream economy. At the end, however, these two systems – the private, popularly called the first sector economy, and the public, called the second sector economy - both individually and jointly have been found seriously inadequate and incapable to ensuring wellbeing of human societies nationally and globally. Responding to such a situation a number of non-conventional approaches like cooperatives and social enterprises, waqaf, foundations, and other non-profit institutions, etc., together called third sector economy, were moved and promoted to ensure social justice and wellbeing of mankind. Initially it emerged as a make-up and defensive strategy of the market-state model to meet the minimum of unmet requirements in the sectors where the market and state have grossly failed. It, thus, played only a subordinate role. As a result, it could not help much to solve the problem of economic inequity, concentration of wealth, and social divides. However it is strongly felt that a broadly based third sector economic model with both not for-profit business like enterprises and for-profit businesses blended with social justice is necessary to play its role as a mainstream model not only for poverty alleviation but also for economic growth to bridge the economic and social divides. Mainstreaming the third sector is the urgent call of the day. Islamic entrepreneurship, which is basically a communitycentric mode of business initiative, is an antidote to the problem of intolerable economic and social dualism in the economies. It is a natural strategy against all forms of capitalist exploitations, like in the past through European colonialism and now through American led terrorism, to control resources. Accordingly it is the natural model for solving the problems of economic inequity, concentration of wealth, and social divides. Therefore, this study finds the Islamic mode of entrepreneurship as most suitable and effective for widening and mainstreaming the third sector economics, more particularly in the developing countries. Johor Corporation (JCorp) in Malaysia and Sheba Polly in Bangladesh are examples of two types of Islamic style third sector enterprises – one is staunchly business like initiative and the other is cost based charity initiative for social benefit. For the development and promotion of the community-centric third sector economics model, the paper recommends for urgently establishing a research and development centre on third sector economics preferably under an Islamic Research and Development Institute in any reputed university.IIUC Studies Vol.9 December 2012: 39-58

scholarly journals Employer supported volunteering programs in large corporations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnes Meinhard ◽  
Femida Handy ◽  
Itay Greenspan
Keyword(s):  
Nonprofit Organizations ◽  
Social Economy ◽  
Third Sector ◽  
Social Enterprises ◽  
Strict Adherence ◽  
Working Paper ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Third Sector

The term Social Economy has been used for years to describe a segment of the economy that is neither driven by the profit motives of private interests, nor owned by the state to serve public interests. Often referred to as the third sector, (distinct from the private for-profit sector and public sector) it defies clear boundaries (Moulaert & Ailenei, 2005). Thus definitions of the social economy vary. In the US the term social economy is not used at all; there the third sector refers strictly to organizations that adhere to the non-distribution-of-profits rule stipulated by the US Internal Revenue System (Graefe, 2006). In Quebec, the term Social Economy has been in use for several decades, but refers to a partnership between state and third sector organizations and an exercise in stemming the tide of neo-liberal globalization (Graefe, 2001). In Ontario and the rest of Canada, reference to a Social Economy is more recent and the concept is applied in a broader manner, in keeping with some European notions of the Social Economy (Fonatan & Shragge, 1997). This broader conceptualization eschews strict adherence to non-distribution stipulations and includes cooperatives and social enterprises in addition to nonprofit organizations. Keywords: CVSS, Centre for Voluntary Sector Studies, Working Paper Series,TRSM, Ted Rogers School of Management Citation:

scholarly journals Concepts of justice and the non-traditional placement

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 88-108
Author(s):  
Nick Pollard
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Social Work ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Third Sector ◽  
Field Education ◽  
International Conference ◽  
The Third ◽  
Practice Teaching ◽  
Third Sector Organisations

This paper is based on a presentation given at the 10th International Conference on Practice Teaching and Field Education in Health and Social Work in April 2014. Occupational Therapy student non-traditional placements are an important element of developing autonomous practitioner skills. This paper considers the changes which have led to an increase in the use of non-traditional placements, and the significance of their basis in the third sector for a profession with origins in social justice and reform in the light of present health and social inequalities. It considers the advantages these placements bring to students and their universities, but also argues that the benefits to all stakeholders, including third sector organisations and their clients are critically reviewed.

Socioeconomic Development in India

2020 ◽  
pp. 219-240
Author(s):  
Meera Bhat ◽  
Swapnil Barai
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Social Innovation ◽  
Third Sector ◽  
Social Enterprises ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
The Third

This chapter on “Socioeconomic Development in India: Lessons from the Third Sector” is a broad overview of India’s economic growth and human development since independence in 1947. It traces the evolving role of government, market, and civil society in navigating the global political economy and the creative tension in which they have coexisted. The chapter dives deeply into the civil society sector which once inspired the founding of Ashoka and is now referred to as a hotbed of social enterprises. The sector which once had firm foundations in pluralist social movements and a focus on social innovation now struggles to distinguish social business from social entrepreneurship. The current ecosystem, while extensive, lacks focus, disregards questions of power, and lacks accountability mechanisms. The goals of improving lives and affecting social change would be better served by focusing on social innovation, treating people as stakeholders rather than clients, and protecting and promoting citizen participation in a democratic economy, society, and polity.

Is the third sector an extension of public administration? Reflections on the Gipuzkoan case

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-372
Author(s):  
Felix Arrieta ◽  
Ainhoa Izaguirre ◽  
Martín Zuñiga
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Basque Country ◽  
Third Sector ◽  
Welfare States ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Sector Organisations ◽  
The Third Sector

The role of the third sector in the provision of welfare and its relationship with public administration have been gaining importance in political debates because of the difficulties that welfare states have in responding to emerging social needs. The ‘Gipuzkoan model’, based on a public‐private collaboration between third sector organisations and the public administration in Gipuzkoa in the Basque Country in Spain, has been drawing attention over the past 40 years. However, there is a debate concerning the role that each actor should play in the implementation of welfare policies. This article analyses, from a qualitative point of view, the role of the third sector in designing and providing public policy tools for the region within the context promoted by the Gipuzkoan model of public‐private collaboration. The results obtained illustrate a multifaceted scenario in which different visions converge around the same question: How should this collaboration be developed and what future awaits the third sector?

scholarly journals Interview with Stefano Zamagni: The Italian Third Sector

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Bassi
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Third Sector ◽  
Social Enterprises ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
Voluntary Organizations ◽  
Dual Nature ◽  
The Third ◽  
Productive Function ◽  
Social Advancement ◽  
The Third Sector

In Italy, the third sector includes six main sets of civil society organizations: Voluntary organizations, social cooperatives, NGO, associations of social advancement, foundations, and social enterprises. Typical of the Italian third sector is recognition of the dual nature of its organizatons: those performing a redistributive function and those performing a productive function.

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