scholarly journals Spectrophotometric determination of iron (III) catalyst in organic compound chlorinations

Author(s):  
Fotis Rigas ◽  
Danae Doulia

In the science or industrial practice of chemical processes, iron (III) is sometimes used as a catalyst in organic compound chlorinations due to its effectiveness and low cost. Thus, a fast and easy method of determination in the system is useful especially when metallic iron is used as a precursor which is readily converted into iron (III) chloride by the gaseous chlorine used in the chlorination reactor. In the latter case, the determination of the produced catalytically effective iron (III) is a prerequisite for controlling the kinetic progress of chlorination. In this work, a method for the spectrophotometric determination of iron (III) chloride in organic media after complexation with methyl ethyl ketone is investigated. The formation of a strong o-complex of iron (III) with methyl ethyl ketone allows direct determination of iron at 360 nm.Beer’s law is valid up to absorbance 2.42, where the iron (III) concentration is 20.7 mg·L-1, with molar absorptivity (e) equal to 6.532×103 L·mol-1·cm-1 and Sandell’s sensitivity 8.5×10-3 ug·cm- 2. Standing time for color development is of the order of a few seconds and stability of color measurements exceeds 12 months. The method may be used among other applications in organic compounds chlorinations catalyzed by iron. These systems are complicated due to the coexistence of various complexes. Nevertheless, the method proposed being simple, fast, and not depending on the composition of the chlorination mixture and the amount of methyl ethyl ketone added was found to be suitable.

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Deepak Kumar Sahu ◽  
Joyce Rai ◽  
Chhaya Bhatt ◽  
Manish K. Rai ◽  
Jyoti Goswami ◽  
...  

In modern age pesticide is used widely in agriculture. Lambda-cyhalothrin (LCT) is one of the most used pesticides which are used as a insecticide to kill pest, tricks, flies etc in agricultural field and it is also used for crop production. We have developed new method to detect LCT insecticide in agriculture field and reduce its uses. In this method we found the maximum absorbance at 460 nm for yellow colour dye. We also calculated limit of detection and limit of quantification 0.001 mg kg-1 and 0.056 mg kg-1 respectively. Molar absorptivity and Sandell’s sensitivity was also calculated and obtained 1.782 ×107 mol-1 cm-1 and 9.996 ×10-6 µg cm-2 respectively. The obtained yellow colour dye obeyed Beer’s law limit range of 0.5 µg ml -1 to 16 µg ml-1 in 25 ml. This method is less time consuming, selective, simple, sensitive and low cost. Present method is successfully applied in various soil, water and vegetable samples.


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-71
Author(s):  
Mykola Blazheyevskiy ◽  
◽  
Valeriy Moroz ◽  
Olena Mozgova ◽  
◽  
...  

The oxidative derivatization method using potassium hydrogenperoxomonosulfate for the indirect spectrophotometric determination of Fluphenazine hydrochloride is presented. Potassium hydrogenperoxomonosulfate is introduced as a derivatizing agent for Fluphenazine hydrochloride, yielding the sulfoxide. This reaction product was successfully used for the spectrophotometric determination of the Fluphenazine hydrochloride. The UV spectroscopic detection of the sulfoxide proved to be a more robust and sensitive method. The elaborated method allowed the determination of Fluphenazine hydrochloride in the concentration range of 0.2-30 µg mL-1. The molar absorptivity at 349 nm is 5.6×103 (dm3cm-1mol-1). The limit of quantification, LOQ (10S) is 0.24 µg/mL. A new spectrophotometric technique was developed and the possibility of quantitative determination of Fluphenazine hydrochloride in tablets 5.0 mg was demonstrated. The present method is precise, accurate and excipients did not interfere. RSD for Fluphenazine Hydrochloride 5.0 mg tablets was 1.37 %.


1965 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 288-295
Author(s):  
C R Szalkowski ◽  
J Kanora

Abstract An improved method has been developed for thiabendazole in feeds. Thiabendazole is extracted from the feed with 0.2N HCl in 50% methanol; interfering substances are removed by making the extract alkaline and extracting into chloroform. The thiabendazole is re-extracted with dilute HCl; the solution is reduced with zinc dust in the presence of p-phenylenediamine to form a hydrogen sulfide complex. After subsequent oxidation with ferric solution to form a thiazine dye, the dye is extracted into n-butanol and measured at 605 mμ. More than 30 commercial unmedicated cattle and swine feeds show an apparent thiabendazole content of 0.00006–0.00044%. Recoveries on feeds made to contain 0.0025–10.0% thiabendazole ranged from 97.6 to 106.6%, with a coefficient of variation of 2.44%. In studies of 30 other drugs added to feeds, only nithiazide, Enheptin, and sulfathiazole interfere. Many variables involved in the color development were studied. The method gives the most accurate and reproducible results on solutions containing 0.2–2.0 μg thiabendazole/ml.


1983 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 372-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
M A Muñoz ◽  
M Balón ◽  
C Fernandez

Abstract Estimation of inorganic phosphate in serum based on the formation of "molybdenum blue" may be simplified by eliminating the reduction stage. The yellow complex formed by the reaction of phosphate with molybdate in an acid medium is measured at 390 nm. The yellow complex behaves in accordance with Beer's law over a wide concentration range (to at least 80 mg of P per liter in the initial sample); its molar absorptivity at 390 nm is 2.51 X 10(3) L mol-1 cm-1. Sensitivity is increased in the presence of a detergent (triethanolamine lauryl sulfate), which is also used to dissolve the proteins. Because only one reagent is used (a stable combination of, per liter, 20 mmol of sodium molybdate, 82 mmol of nitric acid, and 100 mg of the detergent), the method is simple and rapid. We describe a manual procedure and an automated one. Within-run precision was 1.9%, and day-to-day precision less than 7%. Results by the automated method compare favorably (r = 0.96) with those obtained by Drewes's method (Clin Chim Acta 39: 81-88, 1972).


2003 ◽  
Vol 496 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 17-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathew M. Maye ◽  
Li Han ◽  
Nancy N. Kariuki ◽  
Nam K. Ly ◽  
Wai-Ben Chan ◽  
...  

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