scholarly journals Mobile Phone Influence on Sexual Behaviour of Undergraduate Students: A Case Study of Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Kenya

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-41
Author(s):  
Ondicho Machuki ◽  
Joan Mutua
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Sexual Behaviour ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Safe Sex ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions

Purpose: The study sought to examine the influence of mobile phone use on sexual behaviour of university students: a case study of Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Kenya. The study specifically, sought to examine the effect of characteristics of mobile phones users, uses and gratification of mobile phones and the frequency of using mobile phones on sexual behaviour of university students in Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Kenya. Methodology: The research design that was adopted was descriptive in nature. The study also used both quantitative and qualitative data obtained from the respondents using questionnaires and Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) guides. Quantitative data was collected using questionnaires while qualitative data was collected using Focus Group Discussions. The study adopted a stratified random sampling technique to select the sample size from the three strata, which are the various Faculties in JKUAT. The study then used Fisher’s formula to arrive at an adequate scientific sample size of 384 students who were targeted using convenient sampling, that is those that are ready to respond to the questionnaires and the Focus Group Discussions (FGDs). The quantitative data in this research was analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics using SPSS v22.0. Results: It was concluded that male students are more likely to use protection consistently compared to female students. In addition, the findings imply that consistency in condom use is a factor that is dependent on the age of the individual. In addition, relationship status is a contributor to the behaviour of the students sexually. For those that are in serious relationships, their use of protection declines due to the build-up of emotional and intimate trust towards each other. The findings likewise indicate that the student’s usage of mobile phones correlates significantly with the consistent use of protection for safe sex. Those students who have had their phones since they joined Campus are more likely to practice safe sex. In addition, heavy users of mobile phones are likely to practice safe sex including those who browse the internet for news updates. Unique contribution to theory, policy and practice: The study recommends the media practitioners need to step up the production of morally acceptable media content and offer a platform for advertising and campaigning for sexual conduct by encouraging and stressing the use of protection. The Ministry of Health and Ministry of Education should actively involve the undergraduate students in reproductive information awareness campaigns for ensuring positive attitudes towards responsible sexual behaviour and promoting best sexual practices.         

scholarly journals Social-ecological influences on unhealthy dietary behaviours among Moroccan adolescents: a mixed-methods study

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 996-1008
Author(s):  
Abdelghaffar El-Ammari ◽  
Hicham El Kazdouh ◽  
Siham Bouftini ◽  
Samira El Fakir ◽  
Youness El Achhab
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Snack Food ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Dietary Behaviours ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
Modifiable Factors

AbstractObjective:To identify the prevalence of unhealthy dietary behaviours and their social-ecological influences in adolescents.Design:The study used a sequential explanatory mixed-methods design, which begins with the collection of quantitative data, followed by the collection of qualitative data to explain and enrich the quantitative findings. Quantitative data were collected via a global school-based student health survey and were analysed using quantitative approaches. Qualitative data were obtained via focus group discussions and were analysed thematically.Setting:Middle and high secondary schools in Taza city, Morocco.Participants:Our quantitative analyses included 764 students (14–19 years). For the qualitative part, seventeen focus group discussions were conducted with 100 participants (fifty-six adolescents, twenty-six parents and eighteen teachers).Results:Of total student participants, 46·1 % skipped breakfast, 60·6 % had inadequate intake of fruits and vegetables (F&V), 39·4 % consumed soft drinks and 28·0 % consumed fast foods. All of these dietary behaviours could coexist in the same person except for inadequate intake of F&V. Gender, academic performance, age, perceived family income and education level of mother were associated with unhealthy dietary behaviours. Qualitative findings identified seven themes regarding social-ecological influences on adolescents’ dietary behaviours: cognitive, affective/biological, lifestyle, outcome expectation, social network, accessibility/availability and macro-level influences.Conclusions:The prevalence of unhealthy dietary behaviours in our study group is a concern. Dietary behaviours are the result of inseparable interactions among social-ecological influences. Modifiable factors identified may be useful when designing a future intervention aimed at improving breakfast and F&V consumption and reducing fast/snack-food consumption among adolescents.

scholarly journals Resilience of Traditional Livelihood Approaches Despite Forest Grabbing: Ogiek to the West of Mau Forest, Uasin Gishu County

Land ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jemaiyo Chabeda-Barthe ◽  
Tobias Haller
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Agrarian Reform ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Reform Process ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
Bargaining Position

This paper is a summary of the findings of research work conducted in two case studies in the Rift Valley, Kenya. This study used the Neo-Institutional theory to interrogate how the rules and regulations (institutions involved) of the agrarian reform process in Kenya are constantly changing and helping to shape the livelihoods of social actors around Mau Forest. The first case study—Ndungulu, is a settlement scheme where the Ogiek ethnic community were resettled between 1995 and 1997 after the land clashes of 1992. The second case study is the Kamuyu cooperative farm, a post-colonial settlement scheme owned by a cooperative society that was founded in 1965 by members from the Kikuyu ethnic group. This study employed qualitative data collection methods intermittently between 2012 and 2017 for a total of two years. A total of 60 interviews were conducted for this research. Thirteen (13) of these were key informant interviews with experts on land. The qualitative interviews were complemented by participant observations and nine focus group discussions. The qualitative data from the interviews and focus group discussions were transcribed, coded and analyzed thematically. Observations documented as field notes were also analyzed to complement the study findings. In this paper, the challenges, bargaining position and power play between social actors and government institutions implicated in the agrarian reform process in Kenya has been brought to the forefront. For instance, due to the structural issues that date back to the colonial period, the Ogiek have found innovative ways to maintain their daily existence (e.g., maintaining traditional methods of apiculture in Mau Forest). However, constraints in accessing forest land has resulted in them taking desperate measures, namely; selling off land to the Kalenjin in what is called “distress land sales”. On the contrary, the neighboring Kikuyu have maintained their land ownership status despite recurrent ethnic clashes that have occurred during general election years.

scholarly journals Nursing and midwifery students’ experiences and perception of their clinical learning environment in Malawi: a mixed-method study

BMC Nursing ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
B. C. Mbakaya ◽  
F. W. Kalembo ◽  
M. Zgambo ◽  
A. Konyani ◽  
F. Lungu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Learning Environment ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Task Orientation ◽  
Clinical Learning ◽  
Clinical Learning Environment ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Poor Relationship

Abstract Background The clinical learning environment is an important part of the nursing and midwifery training as it helps students to integrate theory into clinical practice. However, not all clinical learning environments foster positive learning. This study aimed to assess the student nurses and midwives’ experiences and perception of the clinical learning environment in Malawi. Methods A concurrent triangulation mixed methods research design was used to collect data from nursing and midwifery students. Quantitative data were collected using a Clinical Learning Environment Inventory, while qualitative data were collected using focus group discussions. The Clinical Learning Environment Inventory has six subscales of satisfaction, involvement, individualisation, innovation, task orientation and personalisation. The focus group interview guide had questions about clinical learning, supervision, assessment, communication and resources. Quantitative data were analysed by independent t-test and multivariate linear regression and qualitative data were thematically analysed. Results A total of 126 participants completed the questionnaire and 30 students participated in three focus group discussions. Satisfaction subscale had the highest mean score (M = 26.93, SD = 4.82) while individualisation had the lowest mean score (M = 18.01, SD =3.50). Multiple linear regression analysis showed a statistically significant association between satisfaction with clinical learning environment and personalization (β = 0.50, p = < 0.001), and task orientation (β =0.16 p = < 0.05). Teaching and learning resources, hostile environment, poor relationship with a qualified staff, absence of clinical supervisors, and lack of resources were some of the challenges faced by students in their clinical learning environment. Conclusion Although satisfaction with clinical learning environment subscale had the highest mean score, nursing and midwifery students encountered multifaceted challenges such as lack of resources, poor relationship with staff and a lack of support from clinical teachers that negatively impacted on their clinical learning experiences. Training institutions and hospitals need to work together to find means of addressing the challenges by among others providing resources to students during clinical placement.

scholarly journals An Investigation of Teachers’ Perceptions of the Implementation of the Big Results Now Initiative in Tanzanian Education Sector

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 176
Author(s):  
Sotco Claudius Komba ◽  
Joyce Nimrod Sigala
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Computer Software ◽  
Education Sector ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Teachers Perceptions

<p>This study was conducted in order to investigate teachers’ perceptions of the implementation of<br />the Big Results Now (BRN) initiative in Tanzanian education sector. The specific objectives of<br />the study were to examine teachers’ perceptions of the implementation of the BRN initiative in<br />Tanzanian education sector and recommend ways for improving the implementation of the<br />initiative. The study involved 120 teachers from six government secondary schools in Njombe<br />Region, one of the regions of Tanzania. The data were collected using a set of questionnaire<br />and focus group discussions. The quantitative data were analyzed using computer software,<br />Statistical Package for Social Sciences, version 18, in which frequencies and percentages of<br />responses on teachers’ perceptions of the implementation of the BRN initiative in Tanzanian<br />education sector were computed. In addition, the qualitative data were analysed using content<br />analysis. The findings indicated that there was lack of understanding of the objectives of the<br />BRN initiative in Tanzanian education sector among the majority of teachers. Moreover, the<br />teachers were not involved in the plans to implement the BRN initiative and conditions in<br />schools were not supportive for the successful implementation of the initiative. On the ways to<br />improve the implementation of the BRN initiative in Tanzanian education sector, teachers<br />recommended, among others, that they should be educated on the objectives of implementing<br />the initiative as they are the cornerstone in making the initiative a success.</p>

scholarly journals Nursing and midwifery students’ experiences and perception of their clinical learning environment in Malawi: A mixed method study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balwani Chingatichifwe Mbakaya ◽  
Fatch Welcome Kalembo ◽  
Maggie Zgambo ◽  
Alice Konyani ◽  
Florence Lungu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Learning Environment ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Task Orientation ◽  
Clinical Learning ◽  
Clinical Learning Environment ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Poor Relationship

Abstract Background The clinical learning environment is an important part of the nursing and midwifery training as it helps students to integrate theory into clinical practice. However, not all clinical learning environments foster positive learning. The aim of this study was to assess the experiences and perception of the clinical learning environment by nursing and midwifery students of in Malawi.Methods A mixed-methods approach was used to collect data from nursing and midwifery students. Quantitative data were collected using a Clinical Learning Environment Inventory, while focus group discussions were used to collect qualitative data. The interview guide had questions about clinical learning, supervision, assessment, communication and resources. The Clinical Learning Environment Inventory has six subscales of satisfaction, involvement, individualisation, innovation, task orientation and personalisation. Quantitative data were analysed by independent t-test and multivariate linear regression and qualitative data were thematically analysed. Results A total of 126 participants completed the questionnaire and 30 students participated in the focus group discussions. Satisfaction subscale had the highest mean score (M = 26.93, SD = 4.82) while individualisation had the lowest mean score (M = 18.01, SD =3.50). Multiple linear regression analysis showed a statistically significant association between satisfaction with clinical learning environment and personalization (β = 0.50, p = < 0.001), and task orientation (β =0.16 p= < 0.05). Teaching and learning resources, hostile environment, poor relationship with a qualified staff, absence of clinical supervisors, and lack of resources were some of the challenges faced by students in their clinical learning environment.Conclusion Although satisfaction with clinical learning environment had the highest scores, nursing and midwifery students encountered multifaceted challenges such as lack of resources, poor relationship with staff and a lack of support from clinical teachers that impacted negatively on their clinical learning experiences. Training institutions and hospitals need to work together to find a means of providing resources to students during clinical placement.

scholarly journals Nursing and midwifery students’ experiences and perception of their clinical learning environment in Malawi: A mixed method study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balwani Chingatichifwe Mbakaya ◽  
Fatch Welcome Kalembo ◽  
Maggie Zgambo ◽  
Alice Konyani ◽  
Florence Lungu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Learning Environment ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Task Orientation ◽  
Clinical Learning ◽  
Clinical Learning Environment ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Poor Relationship

Abstract Background The clinical learning environment is an important part of the nursing and midwifery training as it helps students to integrate theory into clinical practice. However, not all clinical learning environments foster positive learning. The aim of this study was to assess the experiences and perception of the clinical learning environment by nursing and midwifery students in Malawi.Methods A concurrent triangulation mixed methods research design was used to collect data from nursing and midwifery students. Quantitative data were collected using a Clinical Learning Environment Inventory, while qualitative data were collected using focus group discussions. The Clinical Learning Environment Inventory has six subscales of satisfaction, involvement, individualisation, innovation, task orientation and personalisation. The focus group interview guide had questions about clinical learning, supervision, assessment, communication and resources. Quantitative data were analysed by independent t-test and multivariate linear regression and qualitative data were thematically analysed. Results A total of 126 participants completed the questionnaire and 30 students participated in three focus group discussions. Satisfaction subscale had the highest mean score (M = 26.93, SD = 4.82) while individualisation had the lowest mean score (M = 18.01, SD =3.50). Multiple linear regression analysis showed a statistically significant association between satisfaction with clinical learning environment and personalization (β = 0.50, p = < 0.001), and task orientation (β =0.16 p= < 0.05). Teaching and learning resources, hostile environment, poor relationship with a qualified staff, absence of clinical supervisors, and lack of resources were some of the challenges faced by students in their clinical learning environment.Conclusion Although satisfaction with clinical learning environment had the highest scores, nursing and midwifery students encountered multifaceted challenges such as lack of resources, poor relationship with staff and a lack of support from clinical teachers that impacted negatively on their clinical learning experiences. Training institutions and hospitals need to work together to find means of addressing the challenges by among others providing resources to students during clinical placement.

Understanding Factors Related to Prolonged Trial of Detained Defendants in the Philippines

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (8) ◽  
pp. 2461-2487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymund E. Narag
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Cultural Dynamics ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Western Literature ◽  
Loosely Coupled ◽  
Official Data

Utilizing a combination of jail official data and qualitative data gathered through Focus Group Discussions and interviews with inmates, court actors, and jail officers, this article investigates the factors related to prolonged trial of detained defendants in the Philippines. Sensitizing concepts derived from Western literature are utilized to understand individual, court, and jail-level variations to prolonged detention. Results from official jail data show the magnitude and extent of the problem. The narrative data suggests the salience of organizational and cultural dynamics that lead to the delay of cases for detained defendants. Specifically, courts that are loosely coupled and subscribe to workgroup culture that condones leniency are more likely to be delayed. Implications to theory and policy are discussed.

scholarly journals MOTIF PEREMPUAN BERKENDARA SEPEDA MOTOR TANPA HELM: STUDI KASUS DI KOTA SIDOARJO, JAWA TIMUR

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
Irvan Rifai ◽  
Fajar Santoso
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Social Rules ◽  
Online Newspapers ◽  
Primary Data Analysis ◽  
Key Factor

This case study is aimed at revealing motives of women riding motor bike without helmet in Sidoarjo, East Java. The data in this study are garnered through interviews, focus group discussions, observation, and artefact including online newspapers, whilst thematic analysis is utilised as a primary data analysis. The findings of the study indicate that; first, distance from home to school is a most salient motive of women riding bike without helmet. Second, the absence of policeman on the street is a key factor of not wearing helmet. Third, social identity is another reason for not wearing helmet. Fourth, styles and its influence of feeling discomfort of wearing helmet. Fifth, social rules and its impracticality of not wearing helmet. The findings of this study are expected to have contributions of the ways to educate people about safety riding by involving students, students’ parents, teachers and or stakeholders. This study, however, cannot represent all women perspectives of not wearing helmet when riding motor bike within Indonesia. Further research, therefore, is expected to consider areas and characteristics which might differ from the present study. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap motif perempuan pengendara sepeda motor tanpa helm di daerah Kabupaten Sidoarjo, Jawa Timur, dengan menggunakan metode wawancara, Focus Group Discussion, observasi, dan analisis terhadap tulisan-tulisan yang ada di media sosial, seperti koran online. Analisis yang dilakukan menggunakan metode analisis tematik. Dari hasil analisis data diperoleh 5 tema yang menjadi pembahasan pada penelitian ini, yaitu: pertama, Jarak dari rumah ke sekolah menjadi pertimbangan utama responden tidak memakai helm; kedua, Kehadiran aparat kepolisian dan motif tidak memakai helm; ketiga, Identitas sosial sebagai alasan tidak memakai helm; keempat, style dan pengaruh ketidaknyamanan memakai helm; dan ke lima, aturan sosial dan ketidakpraktisan memakai helm. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan bisa memberikan kontribusi informasi terhadap upaya mengedukasi masyarakat dalam keselamatan berkendara sepeda motor dengan melibatkan peran serta siswa, orang tua siswa, guru dan pemangku kepentingan. Namun demikian, dikarenakan penelitian ini terbatas pada studi kasus di Kota Sidoarjo, terdapat kemungkinan bahwa hasil yang diperoleh tidak dapat merepresentasikan perspektif perempuan pengendara sepeda motor di kota-kota lain di Indonesia. Untuk itu, penelitian ini diharapkan dapat dilanjutkan untuk kota-kota yang mempunya karakteristik berbeda dengan lokasi penelitian ini.

Methods and Techniques for Qualitative Data Gathering

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bridget Ogharanduk ◽  
Darren Jubb ◽  
Sean Lochrie ◽  
Ross Curran ◽  
Kevin D O&apos;Gorman
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Methods And Techniques ◽  
Research Findings

This chapter discusses three main methods for gathering qualitative data. These methods are interviews, focus group discussions and ethnography. Important steps and procedures for gathering qualitative data using these methods are highlighted with examples to enable users to conduct their own data gathering. The chapter also provides potential challenges that users may encounter while using these methods and suggestions to manage these challenges or minimise the effect on the data and overall research findings.

Facilitating collaboration and community participation in tourism development: The case of South-Eastern Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 146735842096603
Author(s):  
Afamefuna Eyisi ◽  
Diane Lee ◽  
Kathryn Trees
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Community Participation ◽  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Southeastern Region

Collaboration and community participation are crucial for securing sustainable tourism and highlight the need to listen and respond to the broad range of stakeholders’ voices, opinions, and concerns. These concepts dominated the discourse of sustainable-responsible tourism and gave rise to collaboration theory as well as various types of community participation. Many scholars in both Western and emerging economies have employed these concepts; however, there is limited research on how they apply in the Nigerian tourism industry. Therefore, this exploratory research discusses collaboration and community participation in tourism development in Nigeria, using the Southeastern region as a case study. In this area, tourism is in the early phase of growth. The paper reports on interviews and focus group discussions used to interact with tourism stakeholders in the region (traditional rulers, men, women, and youth representatives, chief priests, security agents, and tourism officials). Results showed that while the stakeholders are willing to collaborate, challenges affecting their efforts include autocratic governance structures leading to mistrust, clash of responsibilities, inadequate funding for security, lack of tourism awareness and little respect for local culture. The paper concludes that to develop a resident-friendly tourism destination and sustain collaboration and community participation, stakeholders require education about tourism and opportunities to participate in planning.

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