scholarly journals A Biting Review of Shark Attacks Off Florida's Coast, 1960 - 2016

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Thompson ◽  
Kenneth Dieker ◽  
Isabel Chandler ◽  
Jason Berger ◽  
Paul Martin Sommers
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Topographic Maps ◽  
East Central ◽  
Monthly Total ◽  
Shark Attacks ◽  
Volusia County ◽  
Bar Graphs

The authors examine the monthly total and average number of unprovoked shark attacks off Florida’s Atlantic and Gulf coasts between 1960 and 2016, with special emphasis on the last twenty-seven years, divided into three nine-year intervals.  Two-way connected-line plots, bar graphs and a series of two-sample t-tests reveal that monthly averages were highest in April (1999 – 2007) and September (1999 – 2007 and 2008 – 2016).  Topographic maps created for each nine-year period show the lowest densities (shark attacks per square mile) from 1990 to 1998 and the highest densities from 1999 to 2007, off the shore of the east-central part of the state, northeast of Orlando in Volusia County, home to Daytona Beach.

Probability based models for estimation of wildfire risk

2004 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiganoush K. Preisler ◽  
David R. Brillinger ◽  
Robert E. Burgan ◽  
J. W. Benoit
Keyword(s):  
Fire Risk ◽  
Small Region ◽  
The State ◽  
Grouped Data ◽  
Large Fire ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Monthly Total ◽  
Historic Data ◽  
Large Fires

We present a probability-based model for estimating fire risk. Risk is defined using three probabilities: the probability of fire occurrence; the conditional probability of a large fire given ignition; and the unconditional probability of a large fire. The model is based on grouped data at the 1 km2-day cell level. We fit a spatially and temporally explicit non-parametric logistic regression to the grouped data. The probability framework is particularly useful for assessing the utility of explanatory variables, such as fire weather and danger indices for predicting fire risk. The model may also be used to produce maps of predicted probabilities and to estimate the total number of expected fires, or large fires, in a given region and time period. As an example we use historic data from the State of Oregon to study the significance and the forms of relationships between some of the commonly used weather and danger variables on the probabilities of fire. We also produce maps of predicted probabilities for the State of Oregon. Graphs of monthly total numbers of fires are also produced for a small region in Oregon, as an example, and expected numbers are compared to actual numbers of fires for the period 1989–1996. The fits appear to be reasonable; however, the standard errors are large indicating the need for additional weather or topographic variables.

Introduction: The State of Democracy 20 Years on

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacques Rupnik ◽  
Jan Zielonka
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Democratic Transition ◽  
The State ◽  
New Democracies ◽  
The European Union ◽  
East Central Europe ◽  
East Central ◽  
The Eu

The countries of East-Central Europe (ECE) embarked on a democratic transition in 1989 were proclaimed consolidated democracies when they joined the European Union (EU) in 2004. Today most of the new democracies are experiencing “democratic fatigue” and some seem vulnerable to an authoritarian turn. The EU, seen as the guarantor of the post-1989 democratic changes, is experiencing an unprecedented economic, financial, and democratic crisis with the combined challenges of technocracy and populism. The article explores the different approaches to the study of democracies in ECE, their specific features and vulnerabilities, and tries to provide an interpretation of the premature crisis of democracy in ECE in a broader transeuropean context.

scholarly journals Distribution of Leaf-Feeding Beetles and Bean pod mottle virus (BPMV) in Illinois and Transmission of BPMV in Soybean

Plant Disease ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 87 (10) ◽  
pp. 1221-1225 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. R. Mabry ◽  
H. A. Hobbs ◽  
T. A. Steinlage ◽  
B. B. Johnson ◽  
W. L. Pedersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabrotica Virgifera Virgifera ◽  
The State ◽  
Mottle Virus ◽  
Cerotoma Trifurcata ◽  
Bean Pod Mottle Virus ◽  
East Central ◽  
Leaf Beetles ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Soybean Plants ◽  
Central Illinois

Bean leaf beetles (BLB; Cerotoma trifurcata) were collected in soybean (Glycine max) fields in 58 and 99 Illinois counties surveyed during the 2000 and 2001 growing seasons, respectively. In 2000, BLB counts were highest in the central portion of the state. BLB counts were lower the following year, but were more uniformly distributed throughout the state. BLB tested positive for Bean pod mottle virus (BPMV) in 37 of 41 counties assayed in 2000. In 2001, BLB tested positive for BPMV in 86 of 99 counties sampled. In 2000 and 2001, western corn rootworm (WCR; Diabrotica virgifera virgifera) adults were abundant in soybean fields only in east central Illinois. WCR adults tested positive for BPMV in 21 of 21 east central Illinois counties in 2000 and 20 of 24 sampled in 2001. BPMV was detected in soybean plants in 38 of 46 counties sampled in 2000. Field-collected WCR adults transmitted BPMV to potted soybean plants at low rates either directly from BPMV-infected soybean fields or with prior feeding on BPMV-infected plants. This is the first report of the distribution of BLB, WCR adults, and BPMV in Illinois and of BPMV transmission by adult WCR.

scholarly journals The Eufaula Mound: Contributions to the Spiro Focus

2001 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Coming Out ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
The State ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Original Research ◽  
East Central ◽  
University Of Oklahoma ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
The University ◽  
The Relationship

The main aim of the paper is the comparison of two archaeological sites, (1) the Eufaula site of McIntosh County, and (2) the Spiro site of Leflore County, Okla. Purpose of the comparison is to indicate the relationship between the 2 sites, thereby establishing a Spiro Focus, the ramifications and general affiliations of which will be suggested. The thesis is based on original research coming out of my experience as Project Superintendent of various units of the Oklahoma WP A Project. The Project, sponsored by the university of Oklahoma and directed by Dr. F.E. Clements, has carried on large scale excavations in Oklahoma since 1936. At that time the Spiro l\found group, in the east central part of the state, was opened up. In the two years from 1936 to 1938 a crew of 70 WP A laborers, under the direction of trained archaeologists, unearthed quantities of archeological material. The main bulk of material from the "Great Temple" Mound was excavated under the direction of Mr. Joe Finkelstein. 1 It was my privilege to analyze the material excavated by him. I also excavated the Spiro Village and a series of villages in the vicinity of the Mound group. 2 Both groups of data will be utilized.

scholarly journals From Neo-Slavism to Internationalism: Interwar Central Europe and the Search for the Lost Mountains

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-29
Author(s):  
Carolin F. Roeder
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
State Building ◽  
The State ◽  
Habsburg Empire ◽  
East Central Europe ◽  
East Central ◽  
Bilateral Agreements ◽  
Private Citizens ◽  
Political Borders

AbstractThis article highlights the contribution of East Central Europe to interwar internationalism by showing how solutions to regional challenges gave birth to the Union internationale des associations d'alpinisme (UIAA), a permanent international organisation for mountaineering. The territorial fragmentation caused by the dissolution of the Habsburg Empire required alpine clubs to lobby for the softening of new political borders while simultaneously contributing to state building efforts. Successful experiences with bilateral agreements in the Tatras and re-emerging Neo-Slavist ideas led to the founding of the Association of Slavic Tourist Organization in 1924, which in turn motivated the establishment of the UIAA. The leading figures in this process were alpinists with a distinct internationalist profile who navigated seamlessly between their role as agents of the state and private citizens.

Which Sand Pine to Plant in Florida? Fifth-Year Test Results

1978 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-50
Author(s):  
D. L. Rockwood ◽  
H. R. Kok
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Good Survival ◽  
Test Results ◽  
East Central ◽  
Central Florida ◽  
Volusia County ◽  
Sand Pine ◽  
Pinus Clausa ◽  
Northwest Florida

Abstract Ocala (Pinus clausa var. clausa Ward), Choctawhatchee (P. clausa var. immuginata Ward), and Withlacoochee sand pines were established in 1970 at seven sites from Walton Country in northwest Florida to Volusia County in east-central Florida. After five years, the Choctawhatchee source had uniformly good survival but the lowest height. The Withlacoochee source was characterized by good height and intermediate survival. Ocala sand pine had the poorest survival and the greatest height. The Choctawhatchee source seems most suited for large scale reforestation, while the Withlacoochee source has potential for more widespread use than it is currently receiving.

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