scholarly journals The B&C Kinematograph Company and British Cinema

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerry Turvey
Keyword(s):  
Short Film ◽  
Business Practices ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
Production Methods ◽  
Reading Matter ◽  
British Cinema ◽  
History Of ◽  
East End ◽  
Formal Properties ◽  
Film Genres

This book sheds new light on the under-researched period of early British cinema through an in-depth history of the British and Colonial Kinematograph Company – also known as ‘B&C’– in the years 1908-1916, the period when it became one of Britain’s leading film producers. It provides an account of its films and personalities, and explores its production methods, business practices and policy changes. Gerry Turvey examines the range of short film genres B&C manufactured, including newsworthy topicals and comics, and series dramas, and how they often drew on the resources of urban Britain’s existing popular culture – from cheap reading matter to East End melodramas. He discusses B&C’s first open-air studio in East Finchley, its extensive use of location filming, and its large, state-of-the-art studio at Walthamstow. He also investigates how the films were photographed and ‘staged’, their developing formal properties, and how the choice of genres shifted radically over time in an attempt to seek new audiences.

The History of ‘the Reading Public’

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Collini
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Social Change ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Literary History ◽  
Reading Public ◽  
Reading Matter ◽  
History Of ◽  
Victorian Periodicals

This chapter argues that accounts of ‘the reading public’ are always fundamentally historical, usually involving stories of ‘growth’ or ‘decline’. It examines Q. D. Leavis’s Fiction and the Reading Public, which builds a relentlessly pessimistic critique of the debased standards of the present out of a highly selective account of literature and its publics since the Elizabethan period. It goes on to exhibit the complicated analysis of the role of previous publics in F. R. Leavis’s revisionist literary history, including his ambivalent admiration for the great Victorian periodicals. And it shows how Richard Hoggart’s The Uses of Literacy carries an almost buried interpretation of social change from the nineteenth century onwards, constantly contrasting the vibrant and healthy forms of entertainment built up in old working-class communities with the slick, commercialized reading matter introduced by post-1945 prosperity.

scholarly journals Judaism and Jewish Business Practices

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Samuel L. Dunn ◽  
Joshua D. Jensen
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Business Practices ◽  
Business Professionals ◽  
Global Business ◽  
Jewish Culture ◽  
Multiple Cultures ◽  
Basic Understanding ◽  
History Of ◽  
Business Professional

Today’s global business environment is extremely diverse. With the business tools and resources that are available today, organizations of any size can create a global footprint easier than ever before. Today’s business professionals must be educated and trained in how to effectively interact with multiple cultures in order to successfully navigate the global business environment. Knowledge, acceptance, and appreciation of various cultures along with a fervent understanding of business practices in various cultures is required of the 21st century global business professional. This paper focuses on Jewish culture and how it manifests itself through Jewish business practices. The purpose of this paper is to give the reader a basic understanding of the principal branches of Judaism, a history of Judaism, an explanation of Jewish beliefs, and an introduction to Jewish business practices in hopes that further study will be elicited.

scholarly journals JOHN D. ROCKEFELLER, STANDARD OIL, AND THE RISE OF CORPORATE PUBLIC RELATIONS IN PROGRESSIVE AMERICA, 1902–1908

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-263
Author(s):  
Stephen R. Leccese
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Public Relations ◽  
Business Practices ◽  
Progressive Reform ◽  
The Public ◽  
Corporate Public Relations ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
History Of ◽  
Standard Oil Company ◽  
Oil Company

When the Supreme Court ordered the dissolution of Standard Oil in 1911, it marked the end of an unsuccessful campaign by the company to improve its public standing. Standard Oil's failure to mollify public opinion in the aftermath of Ida Tarbell's muckraking masterpiece, “The History of the Standard Oil Company,” has resulted in a historiographical record that negatively assesses the company's response. This article reassesses the company response by placing it within the wider context of business history in the early twentieth century. It offers a detailed exploration of the public relations initiatives of Standard Oil from 1902 to 1908. Additionally, the article views the affair through the lens of standard corporate practices of the early Progressive Era, when large businesses had only begun to promote favorable public images. It argues that progressive reform inadvertently aided the rise of big business by teaching corporations the importance of promoting favorable public images. This wider context reveals that Standard Oil's public relations response, if unsuccessful, was not as aloof as others have argued. In fact, the company made a concerted effort to change public opinion about its business practices.

Schools & the Diversity Transition

Daedalus ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 142 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Alba
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Educational Policy ◽  
North American ◽  
The United States ◽  
Educational Systems ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
Quarter Century ◽  
Abundant Evidence ◽  
Working Age ◽  
History Of

In the next quarter century, North American and Western European societies will face a profound transformation of their working-age populations as a result of immigration, combined with the aging of native majorities. These changes will intensify the challenges of integrating the children of lowstatus immigrants. Abundant evidence reveals that most educational systems, including that in the United States, are failing to meet these challenges; and sociological theories underscore these systems' role in reproducing inequality. However, the history of assimilation in the United States shows that native-/immigrant-origin inequalities need not be enduring. An examination of variations across time and space suggests educational policy changes and innovations that can ameliorate inequalities.

The Moralization of Commercialization: Uncovering the History of Fee-Charging in the U.S. Nonprofit Human Services Sector

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 960-983 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maoz Brown
Keyword(s):  
Human Services ◽  
Interpersonal Relations ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Nonprofit Sector ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
Financial Reports ◽  
Services Sector ◽  
History Of ◽  
The U.S

Recent literature on commercialization in the American nonprofit sector attributes increased reliance on fee income to neoliberal policies. This trend is often depicted as an invasion of market forces that debase civil society by reducing social values and interpersonal relations to commodities and transactions. My article challenges these beliefs by presenting historical data that have been largely ignored in recent writing. Examining a series of multicity financial reports, I demonstrate that the U.S. nonprofit human services sector increased its fee-reliance significantly before neoliberal policy changes. Drawing on social work literature, I show that the practice of fee-charging reflected an ethos of communal inclusiveness rather than mere profit-seeking. In light of this evidence, I argue that fee-charging should be understood as a long-standing and multivalent feature of the nonprofit human services sector rather than as a recent incursion of profit-driven rationalities.

Whites and Reds

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen V. Bittner
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Business Practices ◽  
Cultural Meanings ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Peter The Great ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Political Alliances ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Empire

Whites and Reds: A History of Wine in the Lands of Tsar and Commissar tells the story of Russia’s encounter with viniculture and winemaking. Rooted in the early-seventeenth century, embraced by Peter the Great, and then magnified many times over by the annexation of the indigenous wine economies and cultures of Georgia, Crimea, and Moldova in the late-eighteenth and early-nineteenth centuries, viniculture and winemaking became an important indicator of Russia’s place at the European table. While the Russian Revolution in 1917 left many of the empire’s vineyards and wineries in ruins, it did not alter the political and cultural meanings attached to wine. Stalin himself embraced champagne as part of the good life of socialism, and the Soviet Union became a winemaking superpower in its own right, trailing only Spain, Italy, and France in the volume of its production. Whites and Reds illuminates the ideas, controversies, political alliances, technologies, business practices, international networks, and, of course, the growers, vintners, connoisseurs, and consumers who shaped the history of wine in the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union over more than two centuries. Because wine was domesticated by virtue of imperialism, its history reveals many of the instabilities and peculiarities of the Russian and Soviet empires. Over two centuries, the production and consumption patterns of peripheral territories near the Black Sea and in the Caucasus became a hallmark of Russian and Soviet civilizational identity and cultural refinement. Wine in Russia was always more than something to drink.

No Farewell to Yesterday

2019 ◽  
pp. 218-226
Author(s):  
Alexander Kluge
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Politics ◽  
Final Demand ◽  
Short Film ◽  
Funding Agency ◽  
Film Festival ◽  
German Film ◽  
German Cinema ◽  
Film Education ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Millennium

This chapter studies Alexander Kluge's reflections on the organizational politics that gave rise to New German Cinema as seen through the uncertainty of cinema's future in the new millennium. It has been nearly fifty years since a group of young filmmakers, who up until that point had distinguished themselves only with shorts, spoke up at the Short Film Festival in Oberhausen. In their now-famous Oberhausen Manifesto they demanded a renewal of the intellectual attitude in filmmaking in a direction toward authenticity and away from commerce; an intellectual center for German film, meaning film education; and opportunities for young filmmakers to make their first films. The Kuratorium junger deutscher Film (Board for Young German Film) emerged out of the final demand with an endowment of five million marks. North Rhine-Westphalia's funding agency for short film, which formed the foundation of the Oberhausen group, added up to 800,000 marks distributed over six years. A shift in German film occurred right from the start. At that point, the history of film was seventy years old. What later grew out of the Oberhausen movement up until Rainer Werner Fassbinder's death filled a quarter of this history. This included lots of mistakes, a lot of claims to fame, variety, enthusiasm, and many works that have enriched the history of film.

Hammer and British Cinema

2016 ◽  
pp. 23-34
Author(s):  
Victoria Grace Walden
Keyword(s):  
Social Responsibility ◽  
The Other ◽  
National Cinema ◽  
Moving Image ◽  
Good Taste ◽  
The Press ◽  
British Cinema ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter examines the relationship between Hammer Films and British cinema. The history of British cinema has been characterised by a strong dedication to realism, in its many forms. From the documentaries of the 1930s with a focus on social responsibility to the gritty kitchen sink dramas of the 1960s, and even the naturalistic aesthetic of television police dramas, the British moving-image industries have a strong heritage of realism. If this is the case, Hammer horror, despite its international fame as a specifically British brand of filmmaking, does not seem characteristic of British national cinema at all. On one hand, Hammer's horrors are clearly fantastical; on the other hand, they amalgamate infrequent and abrupt moments of gore with a 'neat unpretentious realism'. Moreover, the films were lambasted in the press for not exhibiting 'good taste' or restraint. The chapter then assesses to what extent Hammer horror can be understood as British.

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