FEATURES OF BIOELECTRIC ACTIVITY OF THE CEREBRAL CORTEX IN PATIENTS WITH COMORBID ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE AND DEPRESSIVE DISORDERS

Background: Alcohol dependence is often combined with affective disorders, in particular, depressive disorder (DD), which worsens adversely affects the prognosis of the course of both diseases and their outcomes. For the treatment of DD, drugs from the group of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, whose representative is fluvoxamine, are used. Fluvoxamine therapy is often associated with a risk of development is shown to be ineffective, and a part of patients develop dose-dependent adverse drug reactions (ADR) and pharmacoresistance.Objective: To study the effects of CYPD6 isoenzyme activity on the efficacy and safety of fluvoxamine therapy in patients with depressive disorders, comorbid with alcoholism.Methods: The study was conducted on 117 Russian patients with DD, alcohol-dependent comorbid. For the purpose of correction of depressive disorders within the framework of cyclothymia, fluvoxamine (Fevarin) was administered to patients at a dosage of 50−150 mg/day. Genotyping was carried out by the method of polymerase chain reaction in Real-time mode with allele-specific hybridization. Efficacy and safety were assessed using validated psychometric scales and an assessment of the severity of ADR. To evaluate the activity of CYP2D6, the method of high performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry was used to measure the urinary content of the endogenous substrate of this isoenzyme and its metabolite, the ratio of 6-hydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-beta-carboline.Results: By the 9th day of the study, the severity of depressive symptoms on the HAMD scale was statistically significantly different in patients with different genotypes: (GG) 7.0 [6.0; 8.0], (GA) 4.0 [3.0; 5.0] (p0.001); safety indicator, estimated on a UKU scale: 3.0 [2.0; 4.0], (GA) 4.0 [4.0; 4.2] (p0.001). The presence of differences persisted on the 16th day: (GG) 5.0 [3.0; 6.0], (GA) 1.5 [1.0; 3.0] (p0.001); safety indicator, estimated on a UKU scale: (GG) 9.0 [9.0; 10.0], (GA) 6.0 [6.0; 7.0] (p0.001). The calculation of the correlation coefficients between the difference in the number of scores on psychometric scales and the metabolic ratio showed a statistically significant inverse correlation of the average power degree between the efficiency index estimated by the HAMD scale (r=-0.467, p0.05). There was no connection with the difference on the UKU scale (r=0.173, p0.05).Conclusion: In a study of a group of 117 patients with DD, comorbid with alcohol dependence, the effect of CYP2D6 activity, estimated by the ratio of the endogenous substrate concentrations of pinolin and its metabolite 6-hydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-beta-carboline, on the efficacy of fluvoxamine therapy. This effect was also shown using the results of genotyping. The results of genotyping also showed the existence of a difference in the safety index in patients with different genotypes from the polymorphic marker CYP2D6 1846GA.

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Relationship of Tobacco Use to Depressive Disorders and Suicidality Among Patients Treated for Alcohol Dependence

American Journal on Addictions ◽

10.1080/10550490390143385 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 71-83 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Christi A. Patten ◽

Richard D. Hurt ◽

Kenneth P. Offord ◽

Ivana T. Croghan ◽

Leigh C. Gomez-Dahl ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Dependence ◽

Tobacco Use ◽

Depressive Disorders ◽

Relationship Of

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The bioelectric type of the visual area of the cerebral cortex of rats of all ages and sexes

Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems ◽

10.15421/021877 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 514-521

Author(s):

V. V. Mizin ◽

V. P. Lyashenko ◽

S. M. Lukashov

Keyword(s):

Cerebral Cortex ◽

Theta Rhythm ◽

Age Groups ◽

Young Age ◽

Visual Area ◽

Age Group ◽

Bioelectric Activity ◽

Absolute Power ◽

Age Related ◽

Age Related Changes

In the ontogenesis process, the cerebral cortex undergoes age-related changes. So far as, unlike practically all other systems of mammalian organs, the brain continues to develop and receive new functionality in the postnatal period. Thus with age, there are changes in the bioelectric characteristics of the neocortex. The purpose of the research is to determine the age and sex changes in the bioelectric activity of the cerebral visual cortex of male and female rats of different ages. In the article, we examined changes in absolute (μV2) and normalized (%) indicators of electrical activity of the visual area of rats of different sexes in four age groups: juvenile, young, mature, and presenile age. The research was carried out by the method of registration of bioelectric activity of electrocorticograms (ECoG). Results of multifactorial dispersion analysis of absolute and normalized ECoG indicators of the visual area of the cerebral cortex of rats of all ages showed that there were reliable changes in the frequency-amplitude characteristics of bioelectric activity related to age. At a young age, males have probably lower absolute and normalized power of the delta-rhythm and the normalized beta-like rhythm rate. There was a tendency of decrease in the theta-rhythm. As a result of this redistribution of rhythms a desynchronization of the electrical activity of young males was observed. Mature males have lower absolute power indicators than younger age groups. According to normalized indicators, a synchronization of rhythms of males in the mature age group was observed, which together with values of absolute power can indicate a decrease of the functional activity level of the neocortex and an increase of the influence of endogenous mechanisms on neuronal activity of the visual area of the cerebral cortex. In the presenile age, there was a desynchronization of rhythms. The indicators of an absolute and normalized power of females in the young age group pointed to the synchronization of the bioecoactivity of the neocortex. Among the low-frequency waves, theta-rhythm rhythm dominated in the females of young age. In the mature and presenile age females, there was a probable increase in the percentage of normalized parameters of high-frequency beta waves. The predominance of this rhythm may indicate an increase of cortical tone. The correlation of values of absolute and normalized indicators of bioelectric activity affirmed the desynchronization of the ECoG rhythms of females of mature and presenile age. Sex differences are expressed by a decrease in the absolute power of all ECoG rhythms of the visual area of the cerebral cortex of females relative to males. The age-related changes occurred in a different way in rats of different sex. At a young age, males had desynchronization of rhythms, and females had synchronization, in the mature age it was vice versa. The age changes of the electric activity of the cerebral visual cortex of rats in our opinion may be largely associated with involutional changes of various neurotransmitter and hormonal systems.

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A Study on Prevalence of severity of Depressive disorders in female spouses of Alcohol Dependence Patients

Journal of Medical Science And clinical Research ◽

10.18535/jmscr/v9i1.40 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 09 (01) ◽

Author(s):

Dr Aravindh. M ◽

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Dependence ◽

Depressive Disorders ◽

Female Spouses

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Coherence parameters of cerebral bioelectric activity and blood serum levels of phosphorylated neurofilaments in comorbid alcohol dependence and affective disorders

ZHurnal «Patologicheskaia fiziologiia i eksperimental`naia terapiia» ◽

10.25557/0031-2991.2021.01.5-11 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 5-11

Author(s):

С.А. Галкин ◽

О.В. Рощина ◽

Н.И. Кисель ◽

С.А. Иванова ◽

Н.А. Бохан

Keyword(s):

Functional Connectivity ◽

Alcohol Dependence ◽

Blood Serum ◽

Affective Disorder ◽

Affective Disorders ◽

Right Hemisphere ◽

Control Group ◽

Bioelectric Activity ◽

The Right ◽

Phosphorylated Neurofilaments

Введение. Наряду со многими психическими расстройствами алкогольная зависимость и аффективные расстройства являются результатом взаимодействия генетических, социальных и экологических факторов, что сопровождается морфофункциональными изменениями в центральной нервной системе. Тем не менее, основные причины и механизмы развития коморбидности алкоголизма и аффективных расстройств остаются не до конца ясны. Цель исследования - определение функциональной связности и уровня фосфорилированных нейрофиламентов у пациентов с алкогольной зависимостью и коморбидностью алкогольной зависимости и аффективного расстройства. Методика. Обследовано 60 пациентов после детоксикации: 30 пациентов с алкогольной зависимостью и 30 пациентов с коморбидным течением алкогольной зависимости и аффективного расстройства. Контрольную группу составили 20 психически и соматически здоровых лиц, сопоставимых по полу и возрасту. Исследование биоэлектрической активности головного мозга проводилось при помощи 16-канального энцефалографа. Анализировались общие усредненные значения внутри - и межполушарной когерентности. В сыворотках крови определяли содержание фосфорилированных нейрофиламентов методом твердофазного иммуноферментного анализа на полистироловых планшетах, предварительно покрытых куриными пoликлональными антителами. Результаты. При межгрупповом анализе были выявлены статистически значимо более низкие значения когерентности в правой гемисфере у пациентов с коморбидностью алкогольной зависимости и аффективного расстройства по сравнению с пациентами, страдающими только алкогольной зависимостью. Были обнаружены также статистически значимо более высокие значения концентрации нейрофиламентов в группе пациентов с коморбидностью алкогольной зависимости и аффективного расстройства по сравнению со здоровой группой контроля. При сравнении групп пациентов между собой были обнаружены боле высокие значения концентрации нейрофиламентов у пациентов с коморбидностью алкогольной зависимости и аффективного расстройства на уровне тенденции. Заключение. Наличие коморбидности алкоголизма и аффективных расстройств приводят к нейрофизиологическим изменениям в виде снижения функциональной связности коры головного мозга, особенно в правой гемисфере, а также увеличению степени нейронального повреждения. Background. Similar to many mental disorders, alcohol dependence and affective disorders result from interaction of genetic, social, and environmental factors associated with morpho-functional alterations in the central nervous system. However, major causes and mechanisms of the development of comorbid alcoholism and affective disorders are not fully clear. The aim of this study was to determine the functional connectivity and levels of phosphorylated neurofilaments in patients with alcohol dependence and comorbid alcohol dependence and affective disorder. Methods. 60 patients were evaluated after detoxification, including 30 patients with alcohol dependence and 30 patients with comorbid alcohol dependence and affective disorder. The control group consisted of 20 sex- and age-matched, mentally and somatically healthy individuals. Brain bioelectric activity was recorded with a 16-channel encephalograph. Overall average values of intra- and inter-hemispheric coherence were analyzed. Blood serum concentration of phosphorylated neurofilaments was measured by solid-phase enzyme immunoassay on polystyrene plates pre-coated with chicken polyclonal antibodies. Results. The intergroup analysis showed that coherence values for the right hemisphere were significantly lower in patients with comorbid alcohol dependence and affective disorder compared to patients with alcohol dependence alone (p=0.018). Also, concentrations of neurofilaments were significantly higher in the patient group with comorbid alcohol dependence and affective disorder compared to the healthy control group (p=0.042). Comparison of patient groups showed that neurofilament concentrations had a tendency toward higher values in patients with comorbid alcohol dependence and affective disorder (p=0.092). Conclusion. The presence of comorbid alcoholism and affective disorders leads to neurophysiological alterations evident as reduced functional connectivity of the cerebral cortex, particularly in the right hemisphere, as well as to the increased degree of neuronal damage.

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Features of Bioelectric Activity of the Cerebral Cortex and Thinking Disorders in Children with Various Borderline Disorders of Residual Organic Genesis

Experimental Psychology (Russia) ◽

10.17759/exppsy.2021140107 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 151-171

Author(s):

D. Bereskin ◽

I.A. Gorbunov

Keyword(s):

Cerebral Cortex ◽

Spatial Analysis ◽

Right Hemisphere ◽

Spectral Power ◽

Low Frequency ◽

Bioelectric Activity ◽

Intellectual Activity ◽

First Case ◽

Analysis And Synthesis ◽

Grammatical Structures

The article presents the results of a study of the features of cognitive function and bioelectric activity cerebral cortex in children with borderline mental disorders of residually organic genesis. 80 children participated with the following diagnoses: organic emotionally labile [asthenic] disorder [F 06.06]; inorganic enuresis [F 98.0], encopresis [F 98.1], stereotypical motor disorders [F 98.4], other specified emotional and behavioral disorders with onset usually occurring in childhood [F 98.8]. The features of bioelectric activity of the cerebral cortex, the ability to spatial analysis and synthesis, arithmetic counting, assimilation of logical and grammatical structures, the presence of viscosity, detail and diversity intellectual activity were studied in children. Data of electroencephalographic examinations were compared with the results of psychodiagnostic methods using the methods of mathematical statistics. Differences of bioelectric activity and features of thinking in children were investigated depending on features of boundary disorder. It is shown that on the background of asthenization more pronounced cognitive impairment is observed. Children with asthenic disorders [06.06] have the largest scatter of data than patients with enuresis [F98.0], encopresis [F 98.1], stereotypical movement disorders [F 98.4], disorders of behavior [F 98.8]. At the same time, on average, they have the most significant violations of thinking, what happens against the background of increasing spectral power of low-frequency activity of delta and theta rhythms in general, as well as of delta rhythm in the frontal part of the brain. Increase of low-frequency activity in the frontal lobes of both hemispheres leads to more pronounced disorders of thinking, than similar changes in the temporal, parietal, occipital regions of the right hemisphere and speech zones of the left hemisphere. In the first case, they are manifested in violations of spatial analysis and synthesis, viscosity, detail and diversity of thinking, as well as in difficulties in the semantic and symbolic activity, in the assimilation of logical and grammatical structures and arithmetic. In the second case — only in violations of spatial analysis and synthesis, viscosity, detail and diversity of thinking.

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Study of the polymorphic variants of the PIP5K2A gene association with the comorbidity of alcoholism and affective disorders

V M BEKHTEREV REVIEW OF PSYCHIATRY AND MEDICAL PSYCHOLOGY ◽

10.31363/2313-7053-2019-4-1-124-126 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 124-126

Author(s):

E. V. Mikhalitskaya ◽

O. V. Roshchina ◽

S. A. Ivanova ◽

N. A. Bokhan

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Dependence ◽

Depressive Disorders ◽

Neuronal Excitability ◽

Control Group ◽

Genotype Distribution ◽

Patient Groups ◽

The Common ◽

Polymorphic Variants ◽

Phosphatidylinositol 4

One of the common pathogenetic mechanisms of the formation of alcohol dependence and depressive disorders can be a violation of the neurotransmitter systems, in particular — dopamine. Phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate-5-kinase type 2 alpha (PIP5K2A) plays an important role in the regulation of neuronal excitability and synaptic dopamine neurotransmission. The aim of this study was to assess the presence of associations of the PIP5K2A gene polymorphic variants with the comorbid course of alcohol dependence and depressive disorders. This study showed differences in the frequency of the genotype distribution of 3 PIP5K2A gene polymorphisms (rs946961, rs1132816, and rs1417374) both between patient groups compared with the control group, and between the patient group and the group with the comorbid course of disorders.

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