Multispecies and Watershed Approaches to Freshwater Fish Conservation

Multispecies and Watershed Approaches to Freshwater Fish Conservation ◽

10.47886/9781934874578.ch25 ◽

2019 ◽

Keyword(s):

Species Conservation ◽

Cutthroat Trout ◽

Lessons Learned ◽

Collaborative Group ◽

Oncorhynchus Clarkii ◽

Private Landowner ◽

The Social ◽

Legal Challenges ◽

Nontarget Species

Abstract.—A collaborative group of fisheries managers and researchers (Cherry Creek Working Group) took advantage of an 8-m waterfall, 100 km of upstream habitat, and a 3 ha-lake to eradicate nonnative trout and introduce native Westslope Cutthroat Trout (WCT) Oncorhynchus clarkii lewisi in Cherry Creek, a tributary to the Madison River. This project was part of a larger, broadscale effort to restore WCT within the Madison River basin. The project was logistically and politically complex and required long-term commitments by state and federal agencies, a private landowner, nongovernmental partners and university researchers. We describe and discuss the social, legal, and logistical challenges that arose during this project and provide our perspective on why this project succeeded in spite of these challenges. Administrative and legal challenges delayed implementation of the project for several years, but all challenges were resolved in favor of the project’s collaborators. Over a 12-year period, nonnative trout occupying the area were eradicated using piscicides, and more than 39,000 WCT eyed eggs and fry were introduced into four geographic areas (phases) that were separated by natural or temporary fish barriers. Population recovery, measured by comparing pre- and post-treatment trout densities and mean sizes, appeared to occur in 3–4 years. We summarize research that documents the effects of piscicides on nontarget species and the expansion of introduced WCT and their progeny to fill all available habitats, along with lessons learned that are helpful to others designing species conservation efforts of similar scale and complexity.

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Cutthroat Trout: Evolutionary Biology and Taxonomy

Cutthroat Trout: Evolutionary Biology and Taxonomy ◽

10.47886/9781934874509.ch14 ◽

2018 ◽

Keyword(s):

Evolutionary Biology ◽

Species Concept ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Cutthroat Trout ◽

Ecological Processes ◽

Oncorhynchus Clarkii ◽

Voucher Specimens ◽

Captive Propagation ◽

Analytical Tools

Abstract.—The broad distribution and regional variation of Cutthroat Trout Oncorhynchus clarkii across western North America has led to considerable interest in the different forms from both scientific and recreational perspectives. This volume represents an attempt to describe this observed diversity with the most current information available and suggests a revised taxonomy for Cutthroat Trout. However, what is proposed in this volume will be subject to change or refinement as new techniques and analytical tools become available. In particular, remaining uncertainty would benefit from a comparison of all described lineages with a common set of morphological and genetic markers. A range-wide collection of voucher specimens will help to document variation in these characteristics, and we encourage field biologists to prioritize these collections. Future revisions will benefit from agreement on a species concept and explicitly state the assumptions of the chosen species concept. We encourage collaboration between managers and taxonomists to accurately delineate units of conservation that can be used by decision makers tasked with ensuring the long-term persistence of Cutthroat Trout lineages. The proposed taxonomic revisions herein validate many of the ongoing management strategies to conserve Cutthroat Trout, but we advise additional consideration of life-history diversity as an attainable management target. For long-term persistence of all Cutthroat Trout, maintaining and expanding the availability of high quality, well-connected stream and lake habitats will be a necessary first step to achieving desired conservation outcomes. Moreover, restoring and protecting ecological processes are key to conserving the diversity found within and among lineages of Cutthroat Trout. In systems where native Cutthroat Trout have been extirpated or suppressed, captive propagation and translocation are two potentially available tools to re-establish or reinvigorate populations. Last, we encourage fisheries managers and taxonomists to embrace the challenges that come with conserving locally unique forms of wide-ranging species like Cutthroat Trout.

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Maximizing Outcomes in Group Treatment of Aphasia: Lessons Learned From a Community-Based Center

Perspectives on Neurophysiology and Neurogenic Speech and Language Disorders ◽

10.1044/nnsld24.3.100 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 24 (3) ◽

pp. 100-105 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Darlene Williamson

Keyword(s):

Group Treatment ◽

Treatment Protocol ◽

Lessons Learned ◽

Group Program ◽

Community Based ◽

Multiple Treatment ◽

Use Of Technology ◽

Communication Impairments ◽

Treatment Settings

Given the potential of long term intervention to positively influence speech/language and psychosocial domains, a treatment protocol was developed at the Stroke Comeback Center which addresses communication impairments arising from chronic aphasia. This article presents the details of this program including the group purposes and principles, the use of technology in groups, and the applicability of a group program across multiple treatment settings.

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Supplemental Material for The Effect of the Social Regulation of Emotion on Emotional Long-Term Memory

Emotion ◽

10.1037/emo0000259.supp ◽

2016 ◽

Keyword(s):

Social Regulation ◽

Long Term Memory ◽

Term Memory ◽

The Social ◽

Regulation Of Emotion

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Economic Development in 2006 and the Future of the Russian Economy: The Non-Resource-Based Sector Potential (The Economic Report of All-Russia Business Union “Delovaya Rossiya”)

Voprosy Ekonomiki ◽

10.32609/0042-8736-2007-9-27-45 ◽

2007 ◽

pp. 27-45

Author(s):

B. Titov ◽

I. Pilipenko ◽

A. Danilov-Danilyan

Keyword(s):

Economic Development ◽

Free Market ◽

Economic Report ◽

Russian Economy ◽

The Social ◽

National Economic ◽

Investment Capital ◽

Export Industries ◽

Sustainable Economic Growth

The report considers how the state economic policy contributes to the national economic development in the midterm perspective. It analyzes main current economic problems of the Russian economy, i.e. low effectiveness of the social system, high dependence on export industries and natural resources, high monopolization and underdeveloped free market, as well as barriers that hinder non-recourse-based business development including high tax burden, skilled labor deficit and lack of investment capital. We propose a social-oriented market economy as the Russian economic model to achieve a sustainable economic growth in the long-term perspective. This model is based on people’s prosperity and therefore expanding domestic demand that stimulates the growth of domestic non-resource-based sector which in turn can accelerate annual GDP growth rates to 10-12%. To realize this model "Delovaya Rossiya" proposes a program that consists of a number of directions and key groups of measures covering priority national projects, tax, fiscal, monetary, innovative-industrial, trade and social policies.

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Periodic monitoring of vampire bats and rabies: a new framework for animal restoration projects in the Neotropics

10.32942/osf.io/53hda ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Fernando Gonçalves ◽

Daniel G. Streicker ◽

Mauro Galetti

Keyword(s):

Disease Transmission ◽

Lessons Learned ◽

Multidisciplinary Teams ◽

Risk Area ◽

Food Web Structure ◽

Land Bridge ◽

High Risk Area ◽

Restoration Project ◽

Vampire Bats

Nowadays, restoration project might lead to increased public engagement and enthusiasm for biodiversity and is receiving increased media attention in major newspapers, TED talks and the scientific literature. However, empirical research on restoration project is rare, fragmented, and geographically biased and long-term studies that monitor indirect and unexpected effects are needed to support future management decisions especially in the Neotropical area. Changes in animal population dynamics and community composition following species (re)introduction may have unanticipated consequences for a variety of downstream ecosystem processes, including food web structure, predator-prey systems and infectious disease transmission. Recently, an unprecedented study in Brazil showed changes in vampire bat feeding following a rewilding project and further transformed the land-bridge island into a high-risk area for rabies transmission. Due the lessons learned from ongoing project, we present a novel approach on how to anticipate, monitor, and mitigate the vampire bats and rabies in rewilding projects. We pinpoint a series of precautions and the need for long-term monitoring of vampire bats and rabies responses to rewilding projects and highlighted the importance of multidisciplinary teams of scientist and managers focusing on prevention educational program of rabies risk transmitted by bats. In addition, monitoring the relative abundance of vampire bats, considering reproductive control by sterilization and oral vaccines that autonomously transfer among bats would reduce the probability, size and duration of rabies outbreaks. The rewilding assessment framework presented here responds to calls to better integrate the science and practice of rewilding and also could be used for long-term studying of bat-transmitted pathogen in the Neotropical area as the region is considered a geographic hotspots of “missing bat zoonoses”.

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Threatening Conditions and Challenges in the Modern Living of the Old People in Republic of Macedonia

European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies ◽

10.26417/ejis.v2i2.p110-115 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 110

Author(s):

Hava Rexhep

Keyword(s):

Kidney Diseases ◽

Methodological Approach ◽

Research Problem ◽

Functional Dependency ◽

Old People ◽

Stomach Diseases ◽

Social Challenge ◽

The Social ◽

Build System

The aging is not only a personal but also a social challenge from several aspects, several dimensions; a challenge aiming to build system approaches and solutions with a long term importance. Aims: the main aim of this research is to investigate the conditions and challenges in the modern living of the old people, primarily in terms of the social care. However, this research is concentrated on a big group of the population and their challenges are the most intensive in the modern living. The investigation of the conditions and challenges in the aging are basis and encouragement in realizing the progressive approaches in order to improve the modern living of the old people. The practical aim of the research is a deep investigation and finding important data, analyzing the basic indicators of the conditions, needs and challenges in order to facilitate the old population to get ready for the new life. Methods and techniques: Taking into consideration the complexity of the research problem, the basic methodological approach is performed dominantly by descriptive-analytical method. The basic instrument for getting data in the research is the questionnaire with leading interview for the old people. Results: The research showed that the old people over 70-79 years old in a bigger percentage manifested difficulties primarily related to the functional dependency, respectively 39,33 % of the participants in this category showed concern about some specific functional dependency from the offered categories. The percentage of the stomach diseases with 38,33 % is important, as well as the kidney diseases with 32,83% related to the total population and the category of the old people over 80. Conclusion: The old people very often accept the life as it is, often finding things fulfilled with tolerance and satisfaction. However the health problems of the old people are characterized with a dominant representation. The chronic diseases and the diseases characteristic for the aging are challenge in organizing adequate protection which addresses to taking appropriate regulations, programs and activities.

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Heterogeneous Mental Health Consequences of COVID-19: Costs and Benefits

10.31234/osf.io/ahmf8 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Anthony D Mancini

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Health Impact ◽

Costs And Benefits ◽

Substantial Variation ◽

Mental Health Functioning ◽

Health Functioning ◽

The Social ◽

Mental Health Costs ◽

Long Term Impact

In this commentary, I argue that the mental health impact of COVID-19 will show substantial variation across individuals, contexts, and time. Further, one key contributor to this variation will be the proximal and long-term impact of COVID-19 on the social environment. In addition to the mental health costs of the pandemic, it is likely that a subset of people will experience improved social and mental health functioning.

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Unmaking and Remaking the World in Long-Term Solitary Confinement

Journal of Critical Phenomenology ◽

10.31608/pjcp.v1i1.18 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 16

Author(s):

Lisa Guenther

Keyword(s):

The Body ◽

Solitary Confinement ◽

Hunger Strike ◽

State Prison ◽

Legal Documents ◽

The Social ◽

The World ◽

Collective Resistance ◽

Civil Death

In The Body in Pain, Elaine Scarry analyzes the structure of torture as an unmaking of the world in which the tools that ought to support a person’s embodied capacities are used as weapons to break them down. The Security Housing Unit (SHU) of California’s Pelican Bay State Prison functions as a weaponized architecture of torture in precisely this sense; but in recent years, prisoners in the Pelican Bay Short Corridor have re-purposed this weaponized architecture as a tool for remaking the world through collective resistance. This resistance took the form of a hunger strike in which prisoners exposed themselves to the possibility of biological death in order to contest the social and civil death of solitary confinement. By collectively refusing food, and by articulating the meaning and motivation of this refusal in articles, interviews, artwork, and legal documents, prisoners reclaimed and expanded their perceptual, cognitive, and expressive capacities for world-making, even in a space of systematic torture.

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