Dimensional Accuracy of 3D-printed Models of the Right First Metacarpal Bones of Cadavers

Background. The use of 3D printing in medical education, prosthetics, and preoperative planning requiresdimensional accuracy of the models compared to the replicated tissues or organs.Objective. To determine the dimensional accuracy of 3D-printed models replicated from metacarpal bones fromcadavers. Methods. Fifty-two models were 3D-printed using fused deposition modeling (FDM), stereolithography (SLA),digital light processing (DLP), and binder jetting method from 13 right first metacarpal bones of cadavers fromthe College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila. Six dimensional parameters of the 3D-printedmodels and their control bones were measured using 0.01 mm calipers — length, midshaft diameter, base width,base height, head width, and head height. Mean measurements were compared using non-inferiority testing andmultidimensional scaling. Results. Mean measurements of the 3D-printed models were slightly larger than their control bones (standarddeviation range: 1.219-4.264; standard error range, 0.338-1.183). All models were found to be at least 90% accurateand statistically non-inferior compared to control bones. DLP-printed models were the most accurate (base width,99.62 %) and most similar to their control bone (–0.05, 90% CI –0.34, 0.24). Through multidimensional scaling,DLP-printed models (coordinate = 0.437) were the most similar to the control bone (coordinate = 0.899). Conclusion. The 3D-printed models are dimensionally accurate when compared to bones.

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Investigations for Wax Coated 3D Printed Hybrid Patterns for Partial Dentures

Volume 1: Additive Manufacturing; Manufacturing Equipment and Systems; Bio and Sustainable Manufacturing ◽

10.1115/msec2019-2701 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Kamaljit Singh Boparai ◽

Gurpartap Singh ◽

Rupinder Singh ◽

Sarabjit Singh

Keyword(s):

Fused Deposition Modeling ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Surface Hardness ◽

Dimensional Accuracy ◽

Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ◽

Processing Technique ◽

Patient Specific ◽

Fused Deposition ◽

3D Printed

Abstract In this work, 3D printed master patterns of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) thermoplastic material have been used for the preparation of Ni-Cr based functional prototypes as partial dentures (PD). The study started with patient specific three dimensional (3D), CAD data (fetched through scanning). This data was used for preparation of .STL file for printing of master patterns on fused deposition modeling (FDM) setup. The 3D printed master patterns were further wax coated to reduce the surface irregularities (as cost effective post processing technique). The hybrid patterns were subjected to investment casting for the preparation of Ni-Cr based PD. The finally prepared functional prototypes as PD were optimized for dimensional accuracy, surface finish and surface hardness as responses. The results are visualized and supported by photomicrographs and in-vitro analysis.

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Evaluation of the fused deposition modeling and the digital light processing techniques in terms of dimensional accuracy of printing dental models used for the fabrication of clear aligners

Clinical and Experimental Dental Research ◽

10.1002/cre2.366 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Samer T. Jaber ◽

Mohammad Y. Hajeer ◽

Tarek Z. Khattab ◽

Luai Mahaini

Keyword(s):

Fused Deposition Modeling ◽

Dimensional Accuracy ◽

Digital Light Processing ◽

Fused Deposition ◽

Dental Models ◽

Deposition Modeling ◽

Processing Techniques

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Research on 3D printed fixture components

MATEC Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/matecconf/201817802008 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 178 ◽

pp. 02008

Author(s):

Dragoş-Florin Chitariu ◽

Adriana Munteanu

Keyword(s):

Surface Roughness ◽

Fused Deposition Modeling ◽

Dimensional Accuracy ◽

Active Surface ◽

Fused Deposition ◽

Deposition Modeling ◽

3D Printed ◽

Machining Control ◽

Materials Used ◽

High Level

Fixtures are used for orientation, positioning and tightening of the workpiece during machining, control and assembly. The main fixture requirements are: orientation, positioning and tightening precision in accordance with the machining requirements. The materials used for fixture components, especially, supports and clamping mechanism are, usually, alloy steel with HRC hardness up to 55-60 HRC. These components are machined to high level of precision thus assuring the overall precision of the fixture. In order to achieve high stiffness and a good dampening capacity the fixture become, usually, very heavy. In the case of manually operated fixtures light weight is an advantage; also there are operations such as inspection, assembly where the operating forces are low. In this case lightweight materials can be used for fixture construction. In this paper the FDM (Fused Deposition Modeling) 3D printing technology is used. Support buttons and v-block fixture components were selected and 3D printed. The effect of printing orientation of active surfaces of support was analysed. The dimensional accuracy and surface roughness on the active surface were measured. Experimental results indicate that surface roughness is dependent on the orientation of the printed workpiece.

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Assessment of Compatibility between Various Intraoral Scanners and 3D Printers through an Accuracy Analysis of 3D Printed Models

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma13194419 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (19) ◽

pp. 4419

Author(s):

Chang-Hee Im ◽

Ji-Man Park ◽

Jang-Hyun Kim ◽

You-Jung Kang ◽

Jee-Hwan Kim

Keyword(s):

Repeated Measures ◽

Fused Deposition Modeling ◽

3D Analysis ◽

Average Deviation ◽

Digital Light Processing ◽

3 Dimensional ◽

Fused Deposition ◽

Treatment Considerations ◽

3D Printers ◽

3D Printed

To assess the accuracy of various intraoral scanners (IOSs) and to investigate the existence of mutual compatibility that affects the accuracy between IOS and 3-dimensional (3D) printing using a scan quadrant model. For clinical implication, crown preparations and cavity design according to prosthetic diagnosis and treatment considerations must be acquired by a digital scanner. The selected typodont model was scanned using a reference scanner, from which reference (Ref) standard tessellation language (STL) data were created. Data obtained by scanning the typodont model with IOSs based on three different technologies were divided into three groups (CS3600, i500, and Trios3). Scanned data from the groups were divided into sub-groups of digital light processing (DLP), fused deposition modeling (FDM), and stereolithography apparatus (SLA), based on which 3D printed models (3DP) were fabricated. The 3DP dental models were scanned to obtain a total of 90 3DP STL datasets. The best-fit algorithm of 3D analysis software was used for teeth and arch measurements, while trueness was analyzed by calculating the average deviation among measured values based on superimposition of Ref and IOS and 3DP data. The differences between Ref and IOS (Ref-IOS), Ref and 3DP (Ref-IOS/3DP), and IOS and 3DP data (IOS-3DP) were compared and analyzed, while accuracy within each of the three main groups was assessed. For statistical analysis, the Kruskal–Wallis, Mann–Whitney U, and repeated measures ANOVA test were used (p < 0.05). The major finding is that the mutual relationships between IOSs and 3D printers vary depending on the combination. However, i500 intraoral scanner and DLP 3D printer was the combination that showed the best trueness value.

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Reproducibility of linear measurements performed in dental models from 3D printing

Research Society and Development ◽

10.33448/rsd-v10i11.13370 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. e344101113370

Author(s):

Fernanda Latorre Melgaço Maia ◽

Ademir Franco ◽

Daphne Azambuja Hatschbach de Aquino ◽

Luciana Butini Oliveira ◽

José Luiz Cintra Junqueira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

3D Printing ◽

Fused Deposition Modeling ◽

Intraclass Correlation ◽

Linear Measurements ◽

Digital Light Processing ◽

Fused Deposition ◽

Intraoral Scanning ◽

Dental Models ◽

3D Printed

This study aimed to assess the reproducibility of linear measurements performed in dental models produced via intraoral scanning and three-dimensional (3D) printing using digital light processing (DLP) and fused deposition modeling (FDM). A sample of 22 participants was selected for this study. Intraoral scanning was performed in each participant with TRIOS™ (3Shape A/S™, Copenhagen, Denmark) device. The digital models were 3D printed using DLP and FDM techniques. Using a caliper, intraoral linear measurements were performed in situ (on the surface of participant’s teeth) and on the 3D printed models. The measurements taken intraoral and on the models were compared using the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC). The correlation between measurements taken in situ and on DLP models was poor (<0.4), while between in situ and FDM it ranged from poor to satisfactory (<0.75). Generalized linear model showed that the differences did not reach statistically significant levels (p>0.05). According to Bland-Altman approach, the size of measurements did not bias the outcomes. The intraoral scanning and 3D printing techniques used in this study enabled the reproducibility of linear measurements, however, discrete distortions that might be clinically significant occurred.

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Production and Characterization of a Fully 3D Printed Flexible Bellows Actuator

ASME 2019 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems ◽

10.1115/smasis2019-5644 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Alfonso Costas ◽

Brittany Newell ◽

Jose Garcia

Keyword(s):

Fused Deposition Modeling ◽

Dynamic Responses ◽

Digital Light Processing ◽

Fused Deposition ◽

Piston Cylinder ◽

Flexible Part ◽

Small Force ◽

Deposition Modeling ◽

3D Printed ◽

Polyjet Printing

Abstract Additive manufacturing is an enabling technology that is rapidly advancing with the development of new printers, materials, and processes. The purpose of this research was to design a part that could function similar to a pneumatic piston-cylinder producing small force outputs between 5 and 10 N. The research presented in this paper looks at various types of 3D printing methods to produce flexible linear bellows actuators to achieve this functionality. In particular, stereolithography, fused deposition modeling, digital light processing, and Polyjet printing were examined to produce a variety of test actuators. A successful flexible part was designed and produced using Polyjet printing, the steady state and dynamic responses of constructed actuators were measured and characterized at various loading conditions. The displacement trends at different load conditions followed a non-linear path, exhibiting highly elastic deformation typical of the flexible resins used in this project.

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Two-Compartment Capsular Devices for Oral Pulsatile Delivery 3D-Printed by Fused Deposition Modeling

10.26226/morressier.57d6b2b6d462b8028d88d9d6 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Federica Casati

Keyword(s):

Fused Deposition Modeling ◽

Fused Deposition ◽

Deposition Modeling ◽

3D Printed ◽

Pulsatile Delivery

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Biodegradable 3D Printed Polymer Microneedles for Transdermal Drug Delivery

10.26434/chemrxiv.5851950.v1 ◽

2018 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Michael A. Luzuriaga ◽

Danielle R. Berry ◽

John C. Reagan ◽

Ronald A. Smaldone ◽

Jeremiah J. Gassensmith

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

3D Printing ◽

Transdermal Drug Delivery ◽

Fused Deposition Modeling ◽

Fused Deposition ◽

Modeling Software ◽

Deposition Modeling ◽

3D Printed ◽

Microfabrication Technique ◽

Mechanical Strengths

Biodegradable polymer microneedle (MN) arrays are an emerging class of transdermal drug delivery devices that promise a painless and sanitary alternative to syringes; however, prototyping bespoke needle architectures is expensive and requires production of new master templates. Here, we present a new microfabrication technique for MNs using fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing using polylactic acid, an FDA approved, renewable, biodegradable, thermoplastic material. We show how this natural degradability can be exploited to overcome a key challenge of FDM 3D printing, in particular the low resolution of these printers. We improved the feature size of the printed parts significantly by developing a post fabrication chemical etching protocol, which allowed us to access tip sizes as small as 1 μm. With 3D modeling software, various MN shapes were designed and printed rapidly with custom needle density, length, and shape. Scanning electron microscopy confirmed that our method resulted in needle tip sizes in the range of 1 – 55 µm, which could successfully penetrate and break off into porcine skin. We have also shown that these MNs have comparable mechanical strengths to currently fabricated MNs and we further demonstrated how the swellability of PLA can be exploited to load small molecule drugs and how its degradability in skin can release those small molecules over time.

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Quality Control in 3D Printing: Accuracy Analysis of 3D-Printed Models of Patient-Specific Anatomy

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14041021 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 1021

Author(s):

Bernhard Dorweiler ◽

Pia Elisabeth Baqué ◽

Rayan Chaban ◽

Ahmed Ghazy ◽

Oroa Salem

Keyword(s):

Wall Thickness ◽

Large Scale ◽

Fused Deposition Modeling ◽

Vascular Anatomy ◽

3D Models ◽

Patient Specific ◽

Stl File ◽

Fused Deposition ◽

3D Printed ◽

The Mean

As comparative data on the precision of 3D-printed anatomical models are sparse, the aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of 3D-printed models of vascular anatomy generated by two commonly used printing technologies. Thirty-five 3D models of large (aortic, wall thickness of 2 mm, n = 30) and small (coronary, wall thickness of 1.25 mm, n = 5) vessels printed with fused deposition modeling (FDM) (rigid, n = 20) and PolyJet (flexible, n = 15) technology were subjected to high-resolution CT scans. From the resulting DICOM (Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine) dataset, an STL file was generated and wall thickness as well as surface congruency were compared with the original STL file using dedicated 3D engineering software. The mean wall thickness for the large-scale aortic models was 2.11 µm (+5%), and 1.26 µm (+0.8%) for the coronary models, resulting in an overall mean wall thickness of +5% for all 35 3D models when compared to the original STL file. The mean surface deviation was found to be +120 µm for all models, with +100 µm for the aortic and +180 µm for the coronary 3D models, respectively. Both printing technologies were found to conform with the currently set standards of accuracy (<1 mm), demonstrating that accurate 3D models of large and small vessel anatomy can be generated by both FDM and PolyJet printing technology using rigid and flexible polymers.

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