Root Growth of Accolade™ Elm in Structural Soil Under Porous and Nonporous Asphalt After Twelve Years

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Bassuk ◽  
Gary Raffel ◽  
Miles Schwartz Sax
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Tree Growth ◽  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Soil Profile ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Porous Asphalt ◽  
Ground Penetrating

Accolade™ Elm trees were planted in CU Structural Soil® overlaid with porous or nonporous asphalt in 2005. At three separate points (2012, 2015, and 2016) over the last twelve years, root densities were measured with Ground Penetrating Radar to a depth of 30 inches (76.2 cm) beneath the asphalt. Roots under the porous asphalt were more numerous and tended to grow deeper in the structural soil profile. Shoot growth was reduced in trees that grew under the nonporous asphalt beginning in the eighth year after planting. CU Structural Soil® is a viable medium for tree growth and stormwater capture when paved with porous asphalt.

scholarly journals Shoot and root responses of Trifolium vesiculosum to boron fertilization in an acidic Brazilian soil

2007 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 597-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nerilde Favaretto ◽  
Antônio Carlos Vargas Motta ◽  
Cristina Barcik ◽  
Sebastião Brasil Campos Lustosa ◽  
Jucinei José Comin
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Soil Profile ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Al Toxicity ◽  
Root And Shoot Growth ◽  
Root Responses ◽  
Trifolium Vesiculosum ◽  
Boron Fertilization

To analyze the influence of boron fertilization on shoot and root growth of Trifolium vesiculosum (arrowleaf clover), an acid soil profile (60 cm depth with 67% Al saturation) was recreated in a column (three layers of 20 cm each). Lime and fertilizer (P and K) were incorporated into the top 20 cm. The treatments consisted of six boron rates where boric acid was mixed throughout the profile. Addition of boron to soil with low pH and high Al increased the root and shoot growth, independent of the rate applied. Boron inhibited Al toxicity, but no effect was observed in the root length when Al was not present in the soil. It was also observed that there was more root growth below the plow layer (0-20 cm,) suggesting better root distribution in the soil profile which could be important for the plant growth, especially under drought conditions.

scholarly journals Applications of ground penetrating radar in geotechnical investigation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damian Moodie
Keyword(s):  
Radio Wave ◽  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Soil Profile ◽  
Geotechnical Investigation ◽  
Step Size ◽  
Geophysical Technique ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Fair Degree

There are clearly risks and a fair degree of uncertainties involved in geotechnical investigation for the reason that only limited boreholes can be used in projects, due to budget restraints. These risks are further increased or decreased subject to the geotechnical engineers’ experiences and judgments. Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) is a geophysical technique that provides continuous non-destructive soil profiling from the surface or from inside a borehole by sending, receiving and averaging multiple radio wave pulses into the subsurface at centimeter increments (cm) scale normally ranging between 0.5cm to 1cm step size. This project focuses on the principles, procedures, applications and limitations of GPR use in geotechnical exploration. To evaluate its potentials for reducing risk and uncertainties associated with soil profile presumptions between boreholes, also to evaluate if GPR can provide objective quantifiable data that can be understood by any level of geotechnical engineers.

scholarly journals Geophysical investigations of the Tabernacle (Yilki) Cemetery, Encounter Bay, South Australia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon Marshallsay ◽  
Ian Moffat ◽  
Alice Beale
Keyword(s):  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Soil Profile ◽  
Electromagnetic Induction ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Geophysical Investigations ◽  
Congregational Church ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
Additional Area

Geophysical investigations were undertaken using ground penetrating radar (GPR) and electromagnetic induction (EMI) at the Congregational Tabernacle (Yilke) Cemetery, Encounter Bay. These yielded 25 probable and 16 possible grave locations, identified due to the presence of adjacent stratigraphic breaks in the soil profile on multiple GPR lines. Two larger areas of disturbance were identified in the GPR survey and an additional area by the EMI survey which may represent possible locations of the former Congregational Church, founded by Reverend Ridgeway Newland in 1846. While the results show no direct evidence of coffins and approximately half of the site was inaccessible to GPR survey, the results show that the currently accepted number of burials for this site (29) is probably too low.

scholarly journals Applications of ground penetrating radar in geotechnical investigation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damian Moodie
Keyword(s):  
Radio Wave ◽  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Soil Profile ◽  
Geotechnical Investigation ◽  
Step Size ◽  
Geophysical Technique ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Fair Degree

There are clearly risks and a fair degree of uncertainties involved in geotechnical investigation for the reason that only limited boreholes can be used in projects, due to budget restraints. These risks are further increased or decreased subject to the geotechnical engineers’ experiences and judgments. Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) is a geophysical technique that provides continuous non-destructive soil profiling from the surface or from inside a borehole by sending, receiving and averaging multiple radio wave pulses into the subsurface at centimeter increments (cm) scale normally ranging between 0.5cm to 1cm step size. This project focuses on the principles, procedures, applications and limitations of GPR use in geotechnical exploration. To evaluate its potentials for reducing risk and uncertainties associated with soil profile presumptions between boreholes, also to evaluate if GPR can provide objective quantifiable data that can be understood by any level of geotechnical engineers.

scholarly journals Evaluation of ground penetrating radar and vertical electrical sounding methods to determine soil horizons and bedrock at the locality Dehtáře

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 105-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Nováková ◽  
M. Karous ◽  
A. Zajíček ◽  
M. Karousová
Keyword(s):  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Soil Profile ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Soil Survey ◽  
Vertical Electrical Sounding ◽  
Soil Horizons ◽  
Experimental Site ◽  
Crystalline Bedrock ◽  
Electrical Sounding ◽  
Ground Penetrating

Recently, geophysical methods have been widely used in many fields including pedology. Two of them, ground penetrating radar (GPR) and vertical electrical sounding (VES) were employed at the Dehtáře experimental site with the aim to evaluate their application in the Cambisol and Stagnosol soil types and crystalline bedrock survey in Czech conditions. These measurements were complemented by the classical soil survey using a gouge auger. As a result, interpreted soil and rock environment profiles were obtained, with the identification of boundaries of Bg, C, and R soil horizons and bedrock at various degrees of weathering. The interpretation of measurement records demonstrated suitability of the VES and GPR method application, using GPR for imaging the soil profile and the top of bedrock, while the VES method gave better results in imaging greater depths. The research demonstrated advantages of the geophysical methods such as instancy, continuous imaging, and no disturbance of the subsurface. In spite of needing classical survey data for interpretation of the results obtained by the geophysical methods, their usage can bring better quality to the soil profile imaging.

REFLECTION COEFFICIENT OF AN ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE IN CONDUCTIVE MEDIA

2018 ◽  
pp. 100-106
Author(s):  
M. S. Sudakova ◽  
M. L. Vladov ◽  
M. R. Sadurtdinov
Keyword(s):  
Reflection Coefficient ◽  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Water Contamination ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Direct And Inverse Problems ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
Ideal Dielectric

Within the ground penetrating radar bandwidth the medium is considered to be an ideal dielectric, which is not always true. Electromagnetic waves reflection coefficient conductivity dependence showed a significant role of the difference in conductivity in reflection strength. It was confirmed by physical modeling. Conductivity of geological media should be taken into account when solving direct and inverse problems, survey design planning, etc. Ground penetrating radar can be used to solve the problem of mapping of halocline or determine water contamination.

Deteksi Bentuk Objek Bawah Tanah Menggunakan Pengolahan Citra B-Scan pada Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR)

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-83
Author(s):  
Rahmayati Alindra ◽  
Heroe Wijanto ◽  
Koredianto Usman
Keyword(s):  
Signal Processing ◽  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Post Processing ◽  
Data Survey ◽  
Ground Penetrating

Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) adalah salah satu jenis radar yang digunakan untuk menyelidiki kondisi di bawah permukaan tanah tanpa harus menggali dan merusak tanah. Sistem GPR terdiri atas pengirim (transmitter), yaitu antena yang terhubung ke generator sinyal dan bagian penerima (receiver), yaitu antena yang terhubung ke LNA dan ADC yang kemudian terhubung ke unit pengolahan data hasil survey serta display sebagai tampilan output-nya dan post  processing untuk alat bantu mendapatkan informasi mengenai suatu objek. GPR bekerja dengan cara memancarkan gelombang elektromagnetik ke dalam tanah dan menerima sinyal yang dipantulkan oleh objek-objek di bawah permukaan tanah. Sinyal yang diterima kemudian diolah pada bagian signal processing dengan tujuan untuk menghasilkan gambaran kondisi di bawah permukaan tanah yang dapat dengan mudah dibaca dan diinterpretasikan oleh user. Signal processing sendiri terdiri dari beberapa tahap yaitu A-Scan yang meliputi perbaikan sinyal dan pendektesian objek satu dimensi, B-Scan untuk pemrosesan data dua dimensi  dan C-Scan untuk pemrosesan data tiga dimensi. Metode yang digunakan pada pemrosesan B-Scan salah satunya adalah dengan  teknik pemrosesan citra. Dengan pemrosesan citra, data survey B-scan diolah untuk didapatkan informasi mengenai objek. Pada penelitian ini, diterapkan teori gradien garis pada pemrosesan citra B-scan untuk menentukan bentuk dua dimensi dari objek bawah tanah yaitu persegi, segitiga atau lingkaran. 

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