scholarly journals On monotonous separately continuous functions

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Yaroslav I. Grushka

<p>Let T = (<strong>T</strong>, ≤) and T<sub>1</sub>= (<strong>T</strong><sub>1</sub> , ≤<sub>1</sub>) be linearly ordered sets and X be a topological space.  The main result of the paper is the following: If function ƒ(t,x) : <strong>T</strong> × X → <strong>T</strong><sub>1 </sub>is continuous in each  variable (“t” and  “x”)  separately  and  function ƒ<sub>x</sub>(t)  = ƒ(t,x) is  monotonous  on <strong>T</strong> for  every x ∈ X,  then ƒ is  continuous  mapping  from<strong> T</strong> × X to <strong>T</strong><sub>1</sub>,  where <strong>T</strong> and <strong>T</strong><sub>1</sub> are  considered  as  topological  spaces  under  the order topology and <strong>T</strong> × X is considered as topological space under the Tychonoff topology on the Cartesian  product of topological spaces <strong>T</strong> and X.</p>

2004 ◽  
Vol 2004 (69) ◽  
pp. 3799-3816
Author(s):  
S. K. Acharyya ◽  
K. C. Chattopadhyay ◽  
Partha Pratim Ghosh

The main aim of this paper is to provide a construction of the Banaschewski compactification of a zero-dimensional Hausdorff topological space as a structure space of a ring of ordered field-valued continuous functions on the space, and thereby exhibit the independence of the construction from any completeness axiom for an ordered field. In the process of describing this construction we have generalized the classical versions of M. H. Stone's theorem, the Banach-Stone theorem, and the Gelfand-Kolmogoroff theorem. The paper is concluded with a conjecture of a split in the class of all zero-dimensional but not strongly zero-dimensional Hausdorff topological spaces into three classes that are labeled by inequalities between three compactifications ofX, namely, the Stone-Čech compactificationβX, the Banaschewski compactificationβ0X, and the structure space&#x1D510;X,Fof the lattice-ordered commutative ringℭ(X,F)of all continuous functions onXtaking values in the ordered fieldF, equipped with its order topology. Some open problems are also stated.


The main view of this article is the extended version of the fine topological space to the novel kind of space say fine fuzzy topological space which is developed by the notion called collection of quasi coincident of fuzzy sets. In this connection, fine fuzzy closed sets are introduced and studied some features on it. Further, the relationship between fine fuzzy closed sets with certain types of fine fuzzy closed sets are investigated and their converses need not be true are elucidated with necessary examples. Fine fuzzy continuous function is defined as the inverse image of fine fuzzy closed set is fine fuzzy closed and its interrelations with other types of fine fuzzy continuous functions are obtained. The reverse implication need not be true is proven with examples. Finally, the applications of fine fuzzy continuous function are explained by using the composition.


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 250-263
Author(s):  
V. Mykhaylyuk ◽  
O. Karlova

In 1932 Sierpi\'nski proved that every real-valued separately continuous function defined on the plane $\mathbb R^2$ is determined uniquely on any everywhere dense subset of $\mathbb R^2$. Namely, if two separately continuous functions coincide of an everywhere dense subset of $\mathbb R^2$, then they are equal at each point of the plane. Piotrowski and Wingler showed that above-mentioned results can be transferred to maps with values in completely regular spaces. They proved that if every separately continuous function $f:X\times Y\to \mathbb R$ is feebly continuous, then for every completely regular space $Z$ every separately continuous map defined on $X\times Y$ with values in $Z$ is determined uniquely on everywhere dense subset of $X\times Y$. Henriksen and Woods proved that for an infinite cardinal $\aleph$, an $\aleph^+$-Baire space $X$ and a topological space $Y$ with countable $\pi$-character every separately continuous function $f:X\times Y\to \mathbb R$ is also determined uniquely on everywhere dense subset of $X\times Y$. Later, Mykhaylyuk proved the same result for a Baire space $X$, a topological space $Y$ with countable $\pi$-character and Urysohn space $Z$. Moreover, it is natural to consider weaker conditions than separate continuity. The results in this direction were obtained by Volodymyr Maslyuchenko and Filipchuk. They proved that if $X$ is a Baire space, $Y$ is a topological space with countable $\pi$-character, $Z$ is Urysohn space, $A\subseteq X\times Y$ is everywhere dense set, $f:X\times Y\to Z$ and $g:X\times Y\to Z$ are weakly horizontally quasi-continuous, continuous with respect to the second variable, equi-feebly continuous wuth respect to the first one and such that $f|_A=g|_A$, then $f=g$. In this paper we generalize all of the results mentioned above. Moreover, we analize classes of topological spaces wich are favorable for Sierpi\'nsi-type theorems.


1972 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 379-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony W. Hager

All topological spaces shall be uniformizable (completely regular Hausdorff). A uniformity on X shall be viewed as a collection μ of coverings of X, via the manner of Tukey [20] and Isbell [16], and the associated uniform space denoted μX. Given the uniformizable topological space X, we shall be concerned with compatible uniformities as follows (discussed more carefully in § 1). The fine uniformity α (finest compatible with the topology); the “cardinal reflections“ αm of α (m an infinite cardinal number) ; αc, the weak uniformity generated by the real-valued continuous functions.With μ standing, generically, for one of these uniformities, we consider the question: when is μ(X × Y) = μX × μY For μ = αℵ0 (the finest compatible precompact uniformity), the problem is equivalent to that of whenβ(X × Y) = βX × βY,β denoting Stone-Cech compactification; this is answered by the theorem of Glicksberg [9]. For μ = α, we have Isbell's generalization [16, VI1.32].


2005 ◽  
Vol 2005 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Ramadan ◽  
S. E. Abbas ◽  
A. A. Abd El-Latif

We introduce fuzzy almost continuous mapping, fuzzy weakly continuous mapping, fuzzy compactness, fuzzy almost compactness, and fuzzy near compactness in intuitionistic fuzzy topological space in view of the definition of Šostak, and study some of their properties. Also, we investigate the behavior of fuzzy compactness under several types of fuzzy continuous mappings.


We introduce and study several interesting properties of fuzzy almost generalized e -continuous mappings in smooth topological spaces with counter examples. We also introduce fuzzy r - 1 2 fT e -space, r -fuzzy ge -space, r -fuzzy regular ge -space and r -fuzzy generalized e -compact space. It is seen that a fuzzy almost generalized e -continuous mapping, between a fuzzy r - 1 2 fT e -space and a fuzzy topological space, becomes fuzzy almost continuous mapping. Index Terms: fage -continuous, r - fge -space, r - fge -regular space, r - 1 2 fT e -space.


Symmetry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1614
Author(s):  
Samer Al Ghour ◽  
Enas Moghrabi

Via co-compact open sets we introduce co-T2 as a new topological property. We show that this class of topological spaces strictly contains the class of Hausdorff topological spaces. Using compact sets, we characterize co-T2 which forms a symmetry. We show that co-T2 propoerty is preserved by continuous closed injective functions. We show that a closed subspace of a co-T2 topological space is co-T2. We introduce co-regularity as a weaker form of regularity, s-regularity as a stronger form of regularity and co-normality as a weaker form of normality. We obtain several characterizations, implications, and examples regarding co-regularity, s-regularity and co-normality. Moreover, we give several preservation theorems under slightly coc-continuous functions.


1973 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth D. Magill

To each idempotent v of a semigroup T, there is associated, in a natural way, a subsemigroup Tv of T. The subsemigroup Tv is simply the collection of all elements of T for which v acts as a two-sided identity. We refer to such a subsemigroup as an I-subsemigroup of T. We first establish some elementary properties of these subsemigroups with no restrictions on the semigroup in which they are contained. Then we turn our attention to the semigroup of all continuous selfmaps of a topological space. The I-subsemigroups of these semigroups are investigated in some detail and so are the a-monomorphisms [3, p. 518] from one such semigroup into another. Among other things, a relationship is established between I-subsemigroups and α-monomorphisms. An analogous theory exists for semigroups of closed selfmaps on topological spaces. A number of results are listed for these semigroups with the proofs often deleted since, in many cases, the situation is much the same as for semigroups of continuous functions.


Symmetry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susmit Bagchi

Generally, the linear topological spaces successfully generate Tychonoff product topology in lower dimensions. This paper proposes the construction and analysis of a multidimensional topological space based on the Cartesian product of complex and real spaces in continua. The geometry of the resulting space includes a real plane with planar rotational symmetry. The basis of topological space contains cylindrical open sets. The projection of a cylindrically symmetric continuous function in the topological space onto a complex planar subspace maintains surjectivity. The proposed construction shows that there are two projective topological subspaces admitting non-uniform scaling, where the complex subspace scales at a higher order than the real subspace generating a quasinormed space. Furthermore, the space can be equipped with commutative and finite translations on complex and real subspaces. The complex subspace containing the origin of real subspace supports associativity under finite translation and multiplication operations in a combination. The analysis of the formation of a multidimensional topological group in the space requires first-order translation in complex subspace, where the identity element is located on real plane in the space. Moreover, the complex translation of identity element is restricted within the corresponding real plane. The topological projections support additive group structures in real one-dimensional as well as two-dimensional complex subspaces. Furthermore, a multiplicative group is formed in the real projective space. The topological properties, such as the compactness and homeomorphism of subspaces under various combinations of projections and translations, are analyzed. It is considered that the complex subspace is holomorphic in nature.


1996 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 316-329
Author(s):  
K. D. Magill

AbstractLet λ be a map from the additive Euclidean n-group Rn into the space R of real numbers and define a multiplication * on Rn by v * w = (λ(w))v. Then (Rn, + , *) is a topological nearring if and only if λ is continuous and λ(av) = aλ(v) for every v € Rn and every a in the range of λ. For any such map λ and any topological space X we denote by Nλ(X, Rn) the nearring of all continuous functions from X into (Rn, +, *) where the operations are pointwise. The ideals of Nλ(X, Rn) are investigated in some detail for certain λ and the results obtained are used to prove that two compact Hausdorff spaces X and Y are homeomorphic if and only if the nearrings Nλ(X, Rn) and Nλ(Y, Rn) are isomorphic.


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