Removal of azo dyes - tartrazine, carmoisine, and allura red - from wastewater using Spirulina biomass-immobilized alginate beads: equilibrium, kinetics, thermodynamics, desorption, and reusability

2021 ◽  
Vol 220 ◽  
pp. 431-445
Author(s):  
Didem Saloglu ◽  
Oya Irmak Sahin
Keyword(s):  
Azo Dyes ◽  
Alginate Beads ◽  
Allura Red

Electrochemical Behavior and Sensitive Methods of the Voltammetric Determination of Food Azo Dyes Amaranth and Allura Red AC on Amalgam Electrodes

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 409-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofiia Tvorynska ◽  
Bohdan Josypčuk ◽  
Jiří Barek ◽  
Liliya Dubenska
Keyword(s):  
Azo Dyes ◽  
Electrochemical Behavior ◽  
Voltammetric Determination ◽  
Allura Red

scholarly journals Toxicity Assessment of 4 Azo Dyes in Zebrafish Embryos

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling-Ling Jiang ◽  
Kang Li ◽  
Dong-Lin Yan ◽  
Mi-Fang Yang ◽  
Lan Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Azo Dyes ◽  
Azo Dye ◽  
Developmental Toxicity ◽  
Toxicity Assessment ◽  
Spinal Curvature ◽  
Zebrafish Embryos ◽  
Sunset Yellow ◽  
Developmental Abnormalities ◽  
Allura Red ◽  
Median Effective Concentration

Azo dyes are used widely as color additives in food, drugs, and cosmetics; hence, there is an increasing concern about their safety and possible health hazards. In the present study, we chose 4 azo dyes tartrazine, Sunset Yellow, amaranth, and Allura red and evaluated their developmental toxicity on zebrafish embryos. At concentration levels of 5 to 50 mM, we found that azo dyes can induce hatching difficulty and developmental abnormalities such as cardiac edema, decreased heart rate, yolk sac edema, and spinal defects including spinal curvature and tail distortion. Exposure to 100 mM of each azo dye was completely embryolethal. The median lethal concentration (LC50), median effective concentration (EC50), and teratogenic index (TI) were calculated for each azo dye at 72 hours postfertilization. For tartrazine, the LC50 was 47.10 mM and EC50 value was at 42.66 mM with TI ratio of 1.10. For Sunset Yellow, the LC50 was 38.93 mM and EC50 value was at 29.81 mM with TI ratio of 1.31. For amaranth, the LC50 was 39.86 mM and EC50 value was at 31.94 mM with TI ratio of 1.25. For Allura red, the LC50 was 47.42 mM and EC50 value was 40.05 mM with TI ratio of 1.18. This study reports the developmental toxicity of azo dyes in zebrafish embryos at concentrations higher than the expected human exposures from consuming food and drugs containing azo dyes.

Decolouration of azo dyes by Phanerochaete chrysosporium immobilised into alginate beads

2009 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kheirghadam Enayatzamir ◽  
Hossein A. Alikhani ◽  
Bagher Yakhchali ◽  
Fatemeh Tabandeh ◽  
Susana Rodríguez-Couto
Keyword(s):  
Phanerochaete Chrysosporium ◽  
Azo Dyes ◽  
Alginate Beads

scholarly journals Sunset Yellow and Allura Red modulate Bcl2 and COX2 expression levels and confer oxidative stress-mediated renal and hepatic toxicity in male rats

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e5689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Latifa I. Khayyat ◽  
Amina E. Essawy ◽  
Jehan M. Sorour ◽  
Ahmed Soffar
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Azo Dyes ◽  
Genotoxic Effect ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Sunset Yellow ◽  
Allura Red ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Cox2 Expression

Studies on the adverse health effects caused by azo dyes are insufficient and quite contradictory. This work aims to investigate the possible toxic effect of two types of widely used food additives, Sunset Yellow and Allura Red, by assessing the physiological, histopathological and ultrastructural changes in the liver and kidney. Also, we investigated the genotoxic effect of both dyes on white blood cells. Thirty adult male albino rats were divided into three groups of 10 animals each: control (received water), Sunset Yellow-treated (2.5 mg/kg body weight) and Allura Red-treated (seven mg/kg body weight). The doses were orally applied for 4 weeks. Our results indicated an increase in the biochemical markers of hepatic and renal function (Aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, urea, uric acid and creatinine) in animals administered with the azo dyes. We also observed a noticeable increase in MDA and a marked decrease in total antioxidant levels in azo dye-treated animals compared to controls. Conversely, both dyes adversely affected the liver and kidney of albino rats and altered their histological and fine structure, with downregulation of Bcl2 and upregulation of COX2 expression. Our comet assay results showed a significant elevation in the fold change of tail moment in response to application of Sunset Yellow but not Allura Red. Collectively, we show that Sunset Yellow and Allura Red cause histopathological and physiological aberrations in the liver and kidney of male Wistar albino rats. Moreover, Sunset Yellow but not Allura Red induces a potential genotoxic effect.

scholarly journals Desarrollo de un sensor electroquímico a base de carbono/polímero/nanopartículas de oro, para la detección de Tartrazina y Rojo Allura

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Selene Irisais Rivera Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Azo Dyes ◽  
Spectrophotometric Method ◽  
Differential Pulse ◽  
Electrochemical Process ◽  
Electrochemical Study ◽  
Carbon Paste ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Allura Red ◽  
Almost All

In this work the spectrophotometric and electrochemical study of the azo dyes, Allura Red and Tartrazine was carried out. These dyes are thoroughly used in food industry because they provide a bright and uniform colouring, furthermore, to being stable to diverse factors. From the spectrophotometric method, the stability to the time and pH was determinate, by modifying this value in a wide interval (almost all the pH scale). Also, using the SQUAD computational program, the acid constant values were calculated, the same were using to determine the experimental conditions of the electrochemical study. The electrochemical experiments were carried out with a carbon paste electrode (CPE) as working electrode using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry techniques. With the CPE and CV, the electrochemical process of the azo dyes was determinate, afterwards, the electrode modifications were carried out, where several agents were tested, as conductive polymers, gold nanoparticles and bamboo type multiwalled carbon nanotubes. Since, the electrochemical characterization was carried out, the calibration curves were constructed, so long the electrochemical and spectrophotometric method, to contrast the results. Subsequently, the quantification in real samples was made it, because these azo colourings are presents in several foods, that we eat daily. Although, Allura Red and Tartrazine are additives generally recognized as safe, their safety should continue studied because children and sensitive persons have shown allergies.

Release behaviour of diclofenac sodium dispersed in Gelucire® and encapsulated with alginate beads

2008 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Bashar Al-Taani ◽  
Mai Khanfar ◽  
Mutaz Sheikh Salem ◽  
Alsayed Sallam
Keyword(s):  
Diclofenac Sodium ◽  
Alginate Beads

Formulation, Development and Characterization of Floating Beads of Diltiazem Hydrochloride

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anamika Saxena Saxena ◽  
Santosh Kitawat ◽  
Kalpesh Gaur ◽  
Virendra Singh
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Entrapment Efficiency ◽  
Repeated Administration ◽  
Alginate Beads ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Formulation Development

The main goal of any drug delivery system is to achieve desired concentration of the drug in blood or tissue, which is therapeutically effective and nontoxic for a prolonged period. Various attempts have been made to develop gastroretentive delivery systems such as high density system, swelling, floating system. The recent developments of FDDS including the physiological and formulation variables affecting gastric retention, approaches to design single-unit and multiple-unit floating systems, and their classification and formulation aspects are covered in detail. Gastric emptying is a complex process and makes in vivo performance of the drug delivery systems uncertain. In order to avoid this variability, efforts have been made to increase the retention time of the drug-delivery systems for more than 12 hours. The floating or hydrodynamically controlled drug delivery systems are useful in such application. Background of the research: Diltiazem HCL (DTZ), has short biological half life of 3-4 h, requires rather high frequency of administration. Due to repeated administration there may be chances of patient incompliance and toxicity problems. Objective: The objective of study was to develop sustained release alginate beads of DTZ for reduction in dosing frequency, high bioavailability and better patient compliance. Methodology: Five formulations prepared by using different drug to polymer ratios, were evaluated for relevant parameters and compared. Alginate beads were prepared by ionotropic external gelation technique using CaCl2 as cross linking agent. Prepared beads were evaluated for % yield, entrapment efficiency, swelling index in 0.1N HCL, drug release study and SEM analysis. In order to improve %EE and drug release, LMP and sunflower oil were used as copolymers along with sodium alginate.

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