scholarly journals Prominent Accessory Hemiazygos Vein representing Persistence of Cranial Portion of Posterior Cardinal Vein: Embryological Variant

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-41
Keyword(s):  
Azygos Vein ◽  
Brachiocephalic Vein ◽  
Cardinal Vein ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Hemiazygos Vein ◽  
Left Posterior ◽  
Male Cadaver ◽  
The Right ◽  
Small Parts ◽  
Posterior Cardinal Vein

ABSTRACT Introduction The azygos venous system has developed from the postcardinal veins of the embryo, and small parts persist only at the commencement of the azygos vein. Complex embryological development of these veins is a major cause for many possible variations of the azygos system. Materials and methods The present study was done in the Department of Anatomy, Government Medical College, Amritsar, on a male cadaver aged about 50 years. The thoracic cavity was opened to dissect the azygos system of veins. Results The system showed the persistent cranial part of the posterior cardinal vein. This led to the formation of a well-developed venous channel on the left side of the aortic arch and the thoracic aorta. This channel drained the 2nd to 10th left posterior intercostal veins and drained itself into the left brachiocephalic vein (LBV) after crossing the arch of aorta vertically on its right. There was no transvertebral communication between this channel and azygos vein on the right side. The hemiazygos vein (HAV) on the left side was normally formed and immediately drained into the azygos vein by turning to the left. The azygos vein on the right side was also normal. Conclusion The presence of such persistent embryological remnant, its position, and approximation to the structures near the arch of aorta should be taken into account to avoid radiological misdiagnosis and surgical complications. How to cite this article Sehmi S. Prominent Accessory Hemiazygos Vein representing Persistence of Cranial Portion of Posterior Cardinal Vein: Embryological Variant. Curr Trends Diagn Treat 2017;1(1):40-41.

scholarly journals A case of tuberculosis of the rare azygos lobe of the right lung

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandeep Singh Awal ◽  
Som Subhro Biswas ◽  
Hitesh Goyal ◽  
Sampreet Kaur Awal
Keyword(s):  
Incidental Finding ◽  
Chest Imaging ◽  
Cardinal Vein ◽  
Anatomical Variant ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Azygos Lobe ◽  
Rare Case Report ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
Posterior Cardinal Vein

Abstract Background The azygos lobe is a rare anatomical variant seen in the upper lobe of right lung. It occurs during embryological development due to the failure of posterior cardinal vein to migrate supero-medially. It is often an incidental finding on imaging and is asymptomatic in majority of cases. Tuberculosis involving the azygos lobe is extremely rare. Only a few cases of tuberculosis involving the azygos lobe have been reported in literature. Case presentation We present a rare case report of tuberculosis infection involving the azygos lobe in a 57-year-old male with history of chronic cough, fever, hemoptysis, and weight loss. Conclusions The azygos lobe is usually asymptomatic, but it may be misdiagnosed as bulla, lung cyst, or abscess. In rare cases it may be associated with certain pathology such as tuberculosis, other infections, and lung cancer. Hence, it is pertinent for a radiologist to be aware of this variant when reporting chest imaging cases.

scholarly journals Multiple variations of azygos system of veins: a case report

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (01) ◽  
pp. 007-009
Author(s):  
P. Maloor ◽  
S. Nayak ◽  
D. Reghunathan ◽  
S. Shetty ◽  
G. Prabhu
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Azygos Vein ◽  
Thoracic Vertebra ◽  
Thoracic Wall ◽  
Hemiazygos Vein ◽  
Orthopedic Surgeons ◽  
Left Posterior ◽  
Lumbar Vein ◽  
Ascending Lumbar Vein

AbstractAzygos venous system drains the venous blood from thoracic wall. Knowledge of variations of its course and tributaries is important to cardiothoracic surgeons, radiologists and orthopedic surgeons. We observed the following variations in the azygos veins. Both azygos and hemiazygos veins were formed by union of lumbar azygos and subcostal veins of corresponding sides. The ascending lumbar vein did not drain into the azygos system. The hemiazygos vein had a larger diameter than the lower part of azygos vein and it joined azygos vein at the level of seventh thoracic vertebra. Accessory hemiazygos vein was totally absent. The azygos vein received 4th to 11th right posterior intercostal veins and also received 3rd to 6th left posterior intercostal veins. Hemiazygos vein received 7th to 11th left posterior intercostal veins.

scholarly journals A rare variation of formation of median nerve - a case report.

2015 ◽  
Vol 04 (02) ◽  
pp. 110-113
Author(s):  
Monica Diana S. ◽  
Ramesh Kumar Subramanian ◽  
Senthil Kumar S.
Keyword(s):  
Median Nerve ◽  
Lateral Root ◽  
Medial Epicondyle ◽  
Normal Pattern ◽  
Rare Variation ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Lateral Cord ◽  
Male Cadaver ◽  
Muscle Nerve ◽  
The Right

AbstractMany variations have been reported regarding formation of the brachial plexus and its branches. Here the authors report a rare variation pertaining to lateral cord of median nerve. During routine dissection, at Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, in the department of anatomy, in a male cadaver in the right upper limb, the authors found an additional lateral root from lateral cord joining the medial root to form the median nerve. Musculocutaneous nerve did not pierce the coracobrachialis muscle instead it gave a direct branch to the muscle. Nerve supply to biceps and brachialis were of normal pattern. The musculo cutaneous nerve communicated with the median nerve before supplying other muscles. Median nerve was medial throughout the arm but about 7 cm above the level of medial epicondyle it crossed the brachial artery from medial to lateral. Morphometry of the nerves were studied by measurements. Knowledge of these variations and measurements will be helpful during surgical and anaesthetic procedures in the axilla.

scholarly journals Variation of hemiazygos vein with absence of accessory hemiazygos vein - a dissection study

2013 ◽  
Vol 02 (01) ◽  
pp. 035-037
Author(s):  
Archana G. Kalyankar ◽  
Pravin H. Shingare ◽  
Pratima R. Kulkarni
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Vertebral Column ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Azygos Vein ◽  
Posterior Mediastinum ◽  
Thoracic Wall ◽  
Brachiocephalic Vein ◽  
Thoracic Region ◽  
Left Brachiocephalic Vein ◽  
Hemiazygos Vein

AbstractHemiazygos vein and Accessory hemiazygos vein lie on the left side in the posterior mediastinum of thorax and are the counterpart of azygos vein on right side. During routine cadaveric dissection of thoracic region in an adult male, we found an abnormal venous channel which was single and was lying on the left side of the vertebral column. It received tributaries from superior intercostal vein and posterior intercostal veins. We found this abnormal venous channel draining directly into left brachiocephalic vein in contrast to its usual drainage into azygos vein. Hence this can be considered as abnormal venous channel and variant of hemiazygos vein and accessory hemiazygos vein. The azygos and hemiazygos venous system is commonly encountered during surgical intervention performed on posterior thoracic wall. This case report provides a new data of potential clinical significance.

scholarly journals Persistent Left Superior Vena Cava Associated with Hemiazygos Vein Draining in It and Absence of Left Brachiocephalic Vein, in a Patient with Congenital Heart Defect

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-205
Author(s):  
Diana Opincariu ◽  
Alexandra Stănescu ◽  
Alina Corduneanu ◽  
Laura Jáni ◽  
András Mester ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Superior Vena Cava ◽  
Superior Vena ◽  
Pacemaker Implantation ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Brachiocephalic Vein ◽  
Left Superior Vena Cava ◽  
Cardinal Vein ◽  
Persistent Left Superior Vena ◽  
Left Brachiocephalic Vein ◽  
Hemiazygos Vein

Abstract Persistent left superior vena cava is an anomalous vein that derives from a malfunction of obliteration of the left common cardinal vein during intrauterine life. The diagnosis can be suggested by a dilated coronary sinus as seen in echocardiography, or other imagistic methods. Due to the lack of hemodynamic impairment, and consequently with few or no symptoms, this vascular anomaly is frequently discovered incidentally. In this brief report we present the case of a 35-year-old male known with a complex congenital cardiovascular malformation that included atrial septum defect, persistent left superior vena cava and anomalous right pulmonary vein drainage in the PLSVC, diagnosed with sinoatrial block that required pacemaker implantation. Due to the patient’s medical history, investigations to decide the best approach needed for pacemaker implantation were performed, including a thoracic CT that incidentally found additional anomalies — the hemiazygos vein draining in PLSVC and the lack of the left brachiocephalic vein.

scholarly journals Double superior vena cava and variation in pulmonary venous drainage - case report

2016 ◽  
Vol 05 (03) ◽  
pp. 156-160
Author(s):  
Chimmalgi M. ◽  
Rangsubhe P. ◽  
Shanu S. ◽  
Amalasmitha LV ◽  
Kavya Krishnan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Superior Vena Cava ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Superior Vena ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Venous Drainage ◽  
Brachiocephalic Vein ◽  
Cardiac Anomalies ◽  
Male Cadaver ◽  
The Right ◽  
Cardiac Surgeons

AbstractDuring routine dissection for undergraduate students, two venous end cardiac anomalies were noted In a male cadaver, in addition to a normal right sided superior vena cava, a persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC) was seen opening into the right atrium via coronary sinus. Left brachiocephalic vein was of a small caliber. In addition, left atrium showed only two pulmonary ostia. No other cardiac anomalies were found Both these anomalies rarely cause any haemo-dynamic compromise and hence may remain asymptomatic throughout life. They are usually found as a chance finding during imaging studies or in post mortem studies as was seen in this case. However, both are known to be associated with cardiac arrhythmias. Their concomitant occurrence suggests a common timing of their development and / or a common causative agent that halted their development. Knowledge of these anomalies is invaluable for the cardiac surgeons and interventionists.

scholarly journals VARIOUS ANOMALIES OF THE THORAX

2014 ◽  
Vol 04 (01) ◽  
pp. 138-140
Author(s):  
Vrinda Hari Ankolekar ◽  
Antony Sylvan D'Souza ◽  
Lydia S. Quadros ◽  
Mamatha H. ◽  
Suhani S. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Subclavian Artery ◽  
Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Left Subclavian Artery ◽  
Kasturba Medical College ◽  
Thoracic Region ◽  
Vertebral Level ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Male Cadaver ◽  
The Right

Abstract:During routine dissection of the thoracic region of a 55-year old male cadaver, in the department of Anatomy, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, various anomalies were noticed in the thoracic region.a) The arch of aorta gave rise to four branches, the right common carotid artery, left common carotid artery, left subclavian artery and a right subclavian artery. The origin of the right subclavian artery was to the left of the midline and in order to reach the right arm, the artery coursed behind both the trachea and oesophagus.b) Cervical rib was present on both the sides.c) Thoracic duct coursed on the same side without crossing to the left at the T5 vertebral level.d)Hemiazygos vein was underdeveloped.

scholarly journals Multiple variations of superficial and deep veins in the neck region of a cadaver: a case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-155
Author(s):  
Nilgün Tuncel Çini ◽  
Nazan Güner Sak ◽  
Senem Turan Özdemir ◽  
İlknur Arı
Keyword(s):  
Jugular Vein ◽  
Anatomical Variation ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
External Jugular Vein ◽  
Brachiocephalic Vein ◽  
Facial Trauma ◽  
Common Trunk ◽  
Communicating Branch ◽  
Male Cadaver ◽  
The Right

Multiple variations on the right side of the neck of a 65-year-old male cadaver were observed during a routine dissection. The cadaver had no sign of facial trauma or previous surgery. The facial vein had a communicating branch with the internal jugular vein and distally drained into the jugulo-subclavian confluence via a common trunk with external jugular vein. Other superficial veins of the neck drained into the brachiocephalic vein separately. On the contrary, no anatomical variation was observed on the left side. Even if the variations of the head and neck are common, more than one variation in a single cadaver unilaterally is remarkable. We suggest that it is important for surgeons to examine the patients with ultrasound before any clinical interventions on the neck to determine the possible variations beforehand.

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