The Role of Behavioural Economics in Legal Intervention

1970 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Dickens

This article takes as its focus the labour legislation of the Conservative governments in Britain under Mrs. Thatcher since 1979. It locates the legislation in its broader context and examines three main prongs of what is seen as a legislative attack on the trade unions: the move away from collective industrial relations; the restricted terrain for lawful industrial action; and legal intervention in internal union affairs. The immediate impact, use of and response to this legislation is discussed and a broader question raised concerning whether, as well as having to adjust to the new legal framework, British trade unions are reappraising their attitude to the role of law in industrial relations more generally.


2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 219
Author(s):  
Rina Rohayu H

Land given to and owned by people with rights provided by the UUPA is to be used and utilized. The granting and possession of land with these rights will not be meaningful if its use is limited to land as the surface of the earth. The land also has a significant role in the dynamics of development. According to the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia NRI,  "earth and water are natural resources contained therein controlled by the state and used for the greatest prosperity of the people." This research uses a normative juridical approach that is research based on the rules / according to the law because this research focused on the use of document studies and literature or secondary data. The research specification used is descriptive-analytic, which describes the law of the land in the era of globalization based on local wisdom. The results of the study illustrate that the role of the land ruling state, which used for the prosperity of the people, is regulated under Law No. 5 of 1960 concerning Basic Regulations on Agrarian Principles (UUPA).On the other hand, the globalization of law is nothing more than a legal intervention from developed countries towards developing countries in order to adjust their laws globally. One way to address the problem of globalization of land law is to reaffirm local wisdom. In other words, they are upholding the customary provisions related to land. Example: provisions of customary land. Customary land is communal land that is jointly owned and thus does not need to be certified.Keywords: globalization, land law, local wisdomABSTRAKTanah diberikan kepada dan dipunyai oleh orang dengan hak-hak yang disediakan oleh UUPA, adalah untuk digunakan dan dimanfaatkan. Diberikannya dan dipunyainya tanah dengan hak-hak tersebut tidak akan bermakna, jika penggunaannya terbatas hanya pada tanah sebagai permukaan bumi saja. Tanah juga mempunyai peranan yang besar dalam dinamika pembangunan. Undang-undang Dasar 1945 menjelaskan bahwa “Bumi dan air dan kekayaan alam yang terkandung didalamnya dikuasai oleh negara dan dipergunakan untuk sebesar-besar kemakmuran rakyat.” Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif yaitu penelitian yang didasarkan kepada kaidah-kaidah/menurut hukum, oleh karena penelitian ini dititik-beratkan pada penggunaan studi dokumen dan bahan pustaka atau data sekunder. Spesifikasi penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif analitis yang menggambarkan tentang hukum tanah di era globalisasi berdasarkan kearifan lokal. Hasil penelitian menggambarkan bahwa peran negara penguasa tanah yang digunakan untuk kemakmuran masyarakat diatur berdasarkan Undang-undang No. 5 tahun 1960 tentang Peraturan Dasar Pokok-Pokok Agraria (UUPA). Disisi lain, globalisasi hukum tak lebih sebagai intervensi hukum dari negara maju terhadap negara berkembang agar menyesuaikan hukumnya secara global. Salah satu cara menyikapi persoalan globalisasi hukum tanah ini adalah dengan menegaskan kembali kearifan lokal. Dengan kata lain, menegakkan kembali ketentuan-ketentuan adat terkait dengan tanah. Misalnya ketentuan tanah ulayat. Tanah ulayat merupakan tanah komunal milik bersama, dengan demikian tidak perlu disertifikatkan.


Author(s):  
Ellie Gibbs ◽  
John Schomberg ◽  
Elizabeth L. Wallace ◽  
Sourav K. Bose ◽  
Jingjing Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  

2020 ◽  
pp. 026010792092567
Author(s):  
Snorre Sylvester Frid-Nielsen ◽  
Mads Dagnis Jensen

Behavioural economics is a research agenda, which gradually has moved from the periphery to the centre of the discipline of economics. The rise of behavioural economics has fostered a burgeoning number of studies dealing with the past, present and future of the field. In contrast to these studies which focus on predestinated scholars, outlets and key concepts, this article uses exploratory bibliometric approaches to map behavioural economics. Utilising a novel data set, comprising 104,558 references across 1,872 articles published in the period 1956–2016, the article systematically illuminates the historical foundations, development and interdisciplinary nature of behavioural economics. The article shows (a) the overlooked role of several behavioural psychologists in shaping the field; (b) the influence of the Anglo-Saxon universities, such as University of California Berkeley, Harvard University and University of Pennsylvania; and that (c) behavioural economics mainly draws knowledge from five disciplinary clusters: (a) economics and policy, (b) psychology, (c) pharmacology, (d) health and (e) law.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waqas Ullah Khan ◽  
Aviv Shachak ◽  
Emily Seto

UNSTRUCTURED The decision to accept or reject new digital health technologies remains an ongoing discussion. Over the past few decades, interest in understanding the choice to adopt technology has led to the development of numerous theories and models. In 1979, however, psychologists Kahneman and Tversky published their seminal research article that has pioneered the field of behavioural economics. They named their model the “prospect theory” and used it to explain decision making behaviours under conditions of risk and uncertainty as well as to provide an understanding of why individuals may make irrational or inconsistent decisions. Although the prospect theory has been used to explain decision making in economics, law, political science, and clinically at the individual level, its application to understanding choice in the adoption of digital health technology has not been explored.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waqas Ullah Khan ◽  
Aviv Shachak ◽  
Emily Seto

UNSTRUCTURED The decision to accept or reject new digital health technologies remains an ongoing discussion. Over the past few decades, interest in understanding the choice to adopt technology has led to the development of numerous theories and models. In 1979, however, psychologists Kahneman and Tversky published their seminal research article that has pioneered the field of behavioural economics. They named their model the “prospect theory” and used it to explain decision making behaviours under conditions of risk and uncertainty as well as to provide an understanding of why individuals may make irrational or inconsistent decisions. Although the prospect theory has been used to explain decision making in economics, law, political science, and clinically at the individual level, its application to understanding choice in the adoption of digital health technology has not been explored. Herein, we discuss how the prospect theory can provide valuable insight on why healthcare patients/clients, technology companies, and policymakers may decide to accept or reject digital health technologies.


2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Subhashis Sinha ◽  
Nikunj Kumar Jain

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the role of HR managers as choice architects to increase the communication efforts for vaccination drives, thereby making the workplace a safe place for all employees.Design/methodology/approachThis study used qualitative research methodology and interviewed 10 HR managers.FindingsThe findings indicate that HR managers can use the nudge theory and choice architecture to encourage employees towards coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination.Practical implicationsHR professionals will get an alternate perspective regarding how learnings from behavioural economics can be leveraged in a post-pandemic world which can help them create a safe working environment.Originality/valueThis paper is an attempt to explore how learnings from behavioural economics (that is, nudge theory and choice architecture) can be leveraged by HR managers to design default options while organizing COVID-19 vaccination camps to motivate employees to get fully vaccinated and hence creating a safe working environment.


2021 ◽  
pp. 19-36
Author(s):  
Christoph Engel

Behavioural law and economics applies the conceptual tools of behavioural economics to the analysis of legal problems and legal intervention. These models, and the experiments to test them, assume an institution-free state of nature. In modern societies, the law’s subjects never see this state of nature. However, a rich arrangement of informal and formal institutions creates generalised trust. If individuals are sufficiently confident that nothing too detrimental will happen, they are freed up to interact with strangers as if they were in a state of nature. This willingness dramatically reduces transaction cost and enables division of labour. If generalised trust can be assumed, simple economic models are appropriate, but they must be behavioural, since otherwise individuals would not want to run the risk of interaction.


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