World Health Organization Disability Health Assessment 2.0 for Health Monitoring: Examining the potential use of the WHODAS 2.0 as a health screening tool among older adults in rural North Carolina

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Amanda Warren, MS, CTRS ◽  
Richard Williams, EdD, LRT/CTRS/FDRT
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
World Health ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Whodas 2.0 ◽  
Financial Burdens ◽  
Health Organization

Unless measures are taken, escalating healthcare costs and an aging population will increasingly contribute to financial burdens on federal and state healthcare budgets. With the help of appropriate supports, many older adults can remain in their homes and communities and delay expensive long-term care placements. An important aspect of aging in place is health monitoring so that health issues can be addressed before they escalate. The WHODAS 2.0 is a standardized assessment tool that may be valuable for recreational therapists and others to use to monitor health and functional status of community-dwelling older adults.

scholarly journals Translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule - WHODAS 2.0

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shamyr Sulyvan Castro ◽  
Camila Ferreira Leite
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
World Health ◽  
Whodas 2.0 ◽  
Brazilian Version ◽  
The World ◽  
Biopsychosocial Perspective ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
User Friendly

ABSTRACT The World Health Organization (WHO) planned a new functioning assessment tool - the WHODAS 2.0 (World Health Assessment Disability Schedule 2.0) - a user-friendly application instrument based on the theoretical framework of the ICF. The aim of this article is to introduce the Brazilian version of WHODAS to clinical and academic users interested in the assessment of functioning. The process was conducted according to the Translation Package offered by WHO, in addition to the permission for translating the tool. Three translators worked in this research to produce the definitive version of the manual and a set of linguistic evaluation forms. Finally, the Brazilian version was approved by WHO. All documents about WHODAS were translated and are free to download on the internet. WHODAS 2.0 addresses functioning according to the ICF domains and keeps the multifactorial and biopsychosocial perspective of the phenomenon. As it has an ICF differentiate presentation, the data collection is faster (20 minutes, on average) and more objective. Besides, it was planned to be a generic and transcultural tool. WHODAS was translated and is available on Internet to use. It is expected that the use of WHODAS will be widespread in Brazil, in clinical and research settings, aiming at the biopsychosocial approach of the functioning, as endorsed by WHO.

scholarly journals Disability, Frailty and Depression in the community-dwelling older adults with Osteosarcopenia

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ki-Soo Park ◽  
Gyeong-Ye Lee ◽  
Young-Mi Seo ◽  
Sung-Hyo Seo ◽  
Jun-Il Yoo
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Normal Group ◽  
World Health ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Background The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of osteosarcopenia in the over 60-year-old community and to evaluate whether osteosarcopenia is associated with disability, frailty and depression. Methods This study was performed using the baseline data of Namgaram-2, among the 1010 surveyed subjects, 885 study subjects who were 60 years or older and had all necessary tests performed were selected. The Kaigo-Yobo checklist (frailty), World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS) and Geriatric Depression Scale-Short Form-Korean (GDSSF-K) were used. The Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS 2019) were applied in this study. Osteopenia was measured using data from dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) and osteopenia was diagnosed when the T-score was less than − 1.0. The study subjects were divided into four groups: the normal group, in which both sarcopenia and osteopenia were undiagnosed, osteopenia only, sarcopenia only and the osteosarcopenia group, which was diagnosed with both sarcopenia and osteopenia. Results Of the 885 subjects over 60 years old evaluated, the normal group comprised 34.0%, the only osteopenia group 33.7%, the only sarcopenia group 13.1%, and the osteosarcopenia group 19.2%. WHODAS (17.5, 95% CI: 14.8-20.1), Kaigo-Yobo (3.0, 95% CI: 2.6-3.4), and GDSSF mean score (4.6, 95% CI: 3.9-5.4) were statistically significantly higher in the osteosarcopenia group compared the other groups. Partial eta squared (ηp2) of WHODAS (0.199) and Kaigo-Yobo (0.148) values ​​according to Osteosarcopenia were large, and GDSSF (0.096) was medium Conclusions Osteosarcopenia is a relatively common disease group in the older adults community that may cause deterioration of health outcomes. Therefore, when evaluating osteopenia or sarcopenia in the older adults, management of those in both disease groups should occur together.

‘It makes your life worthwhile. It gives you a purpose in living’: mobility experiences among active older adults with low income

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (8) ◽  
pp. 1639-1666 ◽  
Author(s):  
THEA FRANKE ◽  
JOANIE SIMS-GOULD ◽  
HABIB CHAUDHURY ◽  
MEGHAN WINTERS ◽  
HEATHER MCKAY
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Travel Behaviour ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Constructivist Grounded Theory ◽  
World Health ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Temporal Dimensions ◽  
Health Organization

ABSTRACTThe World Health Organization claims that mobility is vital to healthy ageing and is the best guarantee of older adults being able to cope and remain in their homes and communities. Mobility enables older adults to maintain their physical health, independence and participation in society. In general, mobility is examined objectively, from a quantitative perspective where mobility is measured as physical movement (e.g.physical activity) and/or travel behaviour (e.g.trips, modes and distances). The predominant focus on the functional aspects of mobility tends to overlook the subjective (e.g.perceptions, attitudes and motivations) and temporal dimensions of older adults’ mobility experiences. Using a constructivist grounded theory methodology, we conducted 24 in-depth interviews with six highly active community-dwelling older adults with low income, aged 65 or over, over a period of four years. Our analysis identified the following themes: maintaining a sense of self, being resourceful, openness to engagement, engaging in superficial contact, experiencing social capital, accessing transportation, leaving the immediate neighbourhood and facing affordability. Findings illustrate that intrapersonal factors, in addition to environmental (built, social and cultural) and temporal-level factors, play a crucial role in mobility. In the future, this gained knowledge can be incorporated into approaches to study the multiple interrelated factors and their interrelations that influence older adults’ mobility.

Psychometric Validation of the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule in a Sample of Community Dwelling Adults with Chronic Health Conditions and Disabilities

2021 ◽  
pp. JARC-D-20-00010
Author(s):  
Xiangli Chen ◽  
Kanako Iwanaga ◽  
Jia-Rung Wu ◽  
Beatrice Lee ◽  
Fong Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Chronic Health Conditions ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Disability Assessment ◽  
Chronic Health ◽  
Whodas 2.0 ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Chronic health conditions and disabilities interfere with major life activities, and these interferences are the result of complex interactions between health condition factors, psychological factors, personal factors, and socioenvironmental factors. The World Health Organization (WHO) International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) framework is a biopsychosocial model that conceptualizes the experience of disability with attention to these interactions. The World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0) is an assessment tool developed to measure self-reported activity limitations and restrictions to participation experienced by individuals with disabilities independent of his or her medical diagnosis. In order to allow practitioners to effectively use this tool with individuals with various chronic illnesses and disabilities, the current study aimed to evaluate the measurement structure and psychometric properties of the WHODAS 2.0. A total of 945 adults with disabilities participated in the current study. Results support two-factor structure of this measurement tool with adequate reliability and construct validity. The WHODAS 2.0 is a valid, useful tool for rehabilitation counseling professionals to more effectively support adults with chronic health conditions and disabilities in achieving their psychosocial and employment success.

scholarly journals Trajectory and Correlation of Intrinsic Capacity and Frailty in a Beijing Elderly Community

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuo Liu ◽  
Lin Kang ◽  
XiaoHong Liu ◽  
SongQi Zhao ◽  
XuePing Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
World Health ◽  
Care Plan ◽  
Public Health Burden ◽  
Frailty Status ◽  
Early Action ◽  
Centered Care ◽  
Intrinsic Capacity ◽  
Health Organization

Objectives: The World Health Organization proposed intrinsic capacity (IC) model to guide the implementation of person-centered care plan aimed at preserving or reserving functional ability, especially in frail older adults. We aimed to show the trajectory of IC and the overlap between IC impairment and frailty and investigate the correlation between IC domains and frailty status transitions.Method: Longitudinal observational study covering 230 community-dwelling older adults (mean age 84.0 ± 4.5 years) at baseline, and transition information at 2-year follow-up (n = 196). IC was measured by five domains: locomotion, cognition, vitality, psychological, and sensory. Frailty was defined by FRAIL Scale. IC and frailty status transitions were assessed. Logistic regression, odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used for the analysis.Results: The prevalence of frailty was 23.0% and increased up to 41.8% over two years. Regarding frailty transitions, 38.3% of older adults progressed to more frailty status, and 8.6% regressed to lesser frailty status. The prevalence of IC impairment was 67.9% and increased to 81.6% over two years. Regarding IC transitions, 49.2% of adults with no IC impairment at baseline kept stable, and 50.8% developed new IC impairment. Among individuals with IC impairment at baseline, 57.9% worsened, and 13.5% improved. Importantly, IC impairment at baseline existed in 42.4% robust adults, 83.3% pre-frail adults, and 93.3% frail adults. 47.1% individuals who kept non-frail status within two years experienced IC worsened transition. Univariable analysis illustrated that new impaired locomotion, vitality, cognition, and sensory domains increased the risk of non-frail progressed to frail status. After adjusting for covariables, new impaired locomotion (OR = 3.625, 95% CI: 1.348–9.747) and vitality domains (OR = 3.034, 95% CI: 1.229–7.487) were associated with a higher possibility of non-frail progressed to frail status.Conclusion: IC impairment and frailty overlap and co-exist in older adults. IC impairment, especially new impairment in locomotion and vitality are associated with the transitions from non-frail to frail status. It is important that geriatricians tightly monitor IC trajectory and find the new impaired domains to take early action to minimize the public health burden of frailty.

scholarly journals Disability, Frailty and Depression in the Community-dwelling Older adults with Osteosarcopenia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ki-Soo Park ◽  
Gyeong-Ye Lee ◽  
Young-Mi Seo ◽  
Sung-Hyo Seo ◽  
Jun-Il Yoo
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Normal Group ◽  
World Health ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of osteosarcopenia in the over 60-year-old community and to evaluate whether osteosarcopenia is associated with disability, frailty and depression.Methods: This study was performed using the baseline data of Namgaram-2, among the 1010 surveyed subjects, 885 study subjects who were 60 years or older and had all necessary tests performed were selected. The Kaigo-Yobo checklist (frailty), World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS) and Geriatric Depression Scale-Short Form-Korean (GDSSF-K) were used. The Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS 2019) were applied in this study. Osteopenia was measured using data from dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) and osteopenia was diagnosed when the T-score was less than -1.0.The study subjects were divided into four groups: the normal group, in which both sarcopenia and osteopenia were undiagnosed, osteopenia only, sarcopenia only and the osteosarcopenia group, which was diagnosed with both sarcopenia and osteopenia. Results: Of the 885 subjects over 60 years old evaluated, the normal group comprised 34.0%, the only osteopenia group 33.7%, the only sarcopenia group 13.1%, and the osteosarcopenia group 19.2%. WHODAS (17.5, 95% CI: 14.8-20.1), Kaigo-Yobo (3.0, 95% CI: 2.6-3.4), and GDSSF mean score (4.6, 95% CI: 3.9-5.4) were statistically significantly higher in the osteosarcopenia group compared the other groups. Partial eta squared (ηp2) of WHODAS (0.199) and Kaigo-Yobo (0.148) values ​​according to Osteosarcopenia were large, and GDSSF (0.096) was medium.Conclusions: Osteosarcopenia is a relatively common disease group in the older adults community that may cause deterioration of health outcomes. Therefore, when evaluating osteopenia or sarcopenia in the older adults, management of those in both disease groups should occur together.

scholarly journals Association between Ambulatory Status and Functional Disability in Elderly People with Dementia

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 2168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsun-Hua Lee ◽  
Chien-Tai Hong ◽  
Dean Wu ◽  
Wen-Chou Chi ◽  
Chia-Feng Yen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
World Health ◽  
Walking Ability ◽  
Whodas 2.0 ◽  
Ambulatory Status ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Severity Of Dementia

Dementia is highly comorbid with gait disturbance, and both conditions negatively impact the ability of elderly people to conduct daily living activities. The ambulatory status of older adults with dementia may cause variable functional disability, which is crucial for the progression of dementia. The present study investigated the association between ambulatory status with functional disability in elderly people and dementia by using the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0). In total, 34,040 older adults with mild-to-advanced dementia were analyzed and categorized according to their ambulatory status into three groups: Nonambulatory, assisted ambulatory, and ambulatory. In general, poor ambulatory status was associated with both greater severity of dementia and functional disability. The study participants were further segregated according to their ages and dementia severity levels, which demonstrated that the WHODAS 2.0 domains of functioning for getting along, life activities, and participation (domains 4, 5–1, and 6) were all associated with ambulatory status. In addition, nonambulatory status was significantly associated with institution residency among older adults with dementia. In conclusion, the present study clearly demonstrated the role of ambulatory status in functional disability in older adults with dementia, and the association persisted among older adults of different ages and severities of dementia. This finding indicates the importance of maintaining walking ability in the management of dementia in older adults.

scholarly journals Predictors of Social Isolation Among Community-dwelling Older Adults in Iran

Salmand ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 188-201
Author(s):  
Elaheh Taghvaei ◽  
◽  
Seyedeh Ameneh Motalebi ◽  
Maryam Mafi ◽  
Mohammad Ali Soleimani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Objectives: Social isolation can lead to depression, reduced life expectancy, and increased death anxiety among older adults. The present study aims to determine the predictors of social isolation in community-dwelling older adults residing in Qazvin, Iran. Methods & Materials: This descriptive cross sectional study was conducted on 301 older adults in 2019 who were selected using a cluster sampling method. Data were collected using a demographic/clinical checklist, Lubben Social Network Scale, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule, 5-item World Health Organization Well-Being Index, and Pargament’s Religious Coping Questionnaire, which were completed through face to face interview. The collected data were analyzed using multivariable regression analysis. Results: The Mean±SD age of participants was 68.63±7.31 years. Multivariate regression analysis showed that the significant predictors of social isolation were social support (β=0.333, P<0.001), disability (β=-0.137, P=0.018), and living with spouse (β=0.154, P=0.010). The social isolation was reduced by increasing social support, decreasing disability, and living with spouse. Conclusion: Given the role of social support and disability in predicting social isolation in the elderly, it seems that one of the effective factors in reducing social isolation especially in the disable older adults is establishing or strengthening supportive social networks.

scholarly journals A Theoretical Framework for the Development of Views of One’s Own Aging

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 6-6
Author(s):  
Sarah Marrs ◽  
Jennifer Inker ◽  
Madeline McIntyre ◽  
Leland Waters ◽  
Tracey Gendron
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Assisted Living ◽  
Health Professions ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Mentoring Program ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Students Attitudes

Abstract Senior mentoring programs have been established that provide medical students exposure to a community-dwelling older adult mentor. The goal of these programs is to expose students to healthy older adults, increase knowledge of geriatrics, and prepare them to care for an aging population. However, even while participating in a senior mentoring program, health professions students still demonstrate some discriminatory language towards older adults (e.g., Gendron, Inker, & Welleford, 2018). In fact, research suggests ageist practices occur, intentionally or not, among all health professions and within assisted living and long-term care facilities (e.g., Bowling, 1999; Dobbs et al., 2008; Kane & Kane, 2005). There is reason to believe that how we feel about other older adults is a reflection of how we feel about ourselves as aging individuals. As part of an evaluation of a Senior Mentoring program, we found that students’ attitudes towards older adults were not significantly improved (t (92) = .38, p = .70). To further explore this, we collected subsequent qualitative data. Specifically, we asked students to respond to the open-ended prompt before and after completing their senior mentoring program: How do you feel about your own aging? Our findings have revealed just how complex students’ views towards aging and elderhood are, pointing to a need to develop a theoretical framework for how these views are formed. Thus, the results of this qualitative grounded theory study illustrate the stages of development medical students’ progress through as they come to accept themselves as aging humans.

scholarly journals Functional difficulties and toileting among older adults in Ghana: evidence from the World Health Organization Study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE) Ghana Wave 1

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Kofi Awuviry-Newton ◽  
Kylie Wales ◽  
Meredith Tavener ◽  
Paul Kowal ◽  
Julie Byles
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
World Health ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Functional Difficulties ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Global Ageing

Abstract Ghana's older population is projected to increase in coming decades and as a result will see increasing care needs. Understanding the functional difficulties older adults experience, and the associated factors, will help identify relevant intervention to assist older adults in meeting their care needs. This study aimed to analyse the prevalence of functional difficulties among older adults in Ghana, and examine how the World Health Organization International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (WHO-ICF) conceptual framework can relate to toileting difficulty to understand the factors that increase older adults’ care needs. Data were for 5,096 adults aged ⩾50 years from the WHO Study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE) Ghana Wave 1. Difficulties were assessed using self-reported difficulty on 22 functional items, including toileting. Multivariate logistic regression tested associations between toileting and other factors as related to the WHO-ICF conceptual framework. Older adults reported climbing one flight of stairs without resting as a common functional difficulty. Difficulty eating was the item least identified. Toileting difficulty was ranked second among five total activities of daily living difficulties. Age, marital status, self-reported health, memory, bodily pain, short- and far-distance vision, obesity, stroke, chronic lung disease, trust at individual and neighbourhood level, toilet facility type, socialising with co-workers, and public and religious meeting attendance were statistically significantly associated with toileting difficulty in the final parsimonious model. Post-hoc analysis testing interaction revealed that interaction existed between female sex and never married marital status (p = 0.04), and obesity and widowed marital status (p = 0.01), with toileting as the outcome. A significant level of functional difficulty existed among Ghanaian older adults in this sample. Toileting difficulty was associated with factors across different components in the WHO-ICF, emphasising functional, social and environmental factors related to this fundamental human activity.

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