Macro-Fiscal Implications of Health Care Reform in Advanced and Emerging Economies - Case Studies

Policy Papers ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 (114) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Health Spending ◽  
Health Care Expenditures ◽  
Public Health Care ◽  
Public Health Spending ◽  
The Past

This supplement provides country case studies on public health care expenditures and reform experiences in eight advanced and six emerging market economies. The case studies for the advanced economies seek to highlight specific episodes of success in containing public health spending during the past 30 years. For the emerging economies, the case studies take a broader approach and examine reform experiences and challenges during the past two decades rather than focusing exclusively on episodes of successful reform. The lessons from the case studies for other countries are integrated into the main Board paper.

Macro-Fiscal Implications of Health Care Reform in Advanced and Emerging Economies

Policy Papers ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 (113) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Health Spending ◽  
Public Health Spending ◽  
The Past ◽  
Advanced Economies ◽  
Analytical Approaches ◽  
Fiscal Implications ◽  
Specific Health

This paper provides an analysis of the developments in public health spending over the past 40 years, as well as projections of public health spending for 50 advanced and emerging countries over 2011–50. The paper also quantifies the effects of specific health reforms on the growth of public health spending in advanced economies by drawing on a range of analytical approaches, including country case studies. The challenges facing emerging economies as they seek to expand coverage of health care in a fiscally sustainable manner are also examined

The relationships between obesity-increasing risk factors for public health, environmental impacts, and health expenditures worldwide

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Botti Abbade
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Health Care Cost ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Health Expenditures ◽  
Health Care Expenditures ◽  
Public Health Care ◽  
Content Type

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the associations between obesogenic severity, the public health situation, environmental impacts, and health care expenditures in populations worldwide. Design/methodology/approach This ecological study is based on official data available for approximately 140 countries worldwide. This study defines four main variables: obesogenic severity, environmental impact, public health implications (PHI), and health expenditures, all measured through specific indicators. Data were obtained mainly from the WHO, World Bank, and IDF. The indicators were reduced to the main variables through factorial reduction and multiple regression analyses were used to test the main hypotheses. Findings Obesogenic severity strongly and positively affects environmental impacts (β=0.6578; p<0.001), PHI-1 (cardiovascular risk factor) (β=0.3137; p<0.001) and PHI-2 (blood glucose and diabetes diagnoses) (β=0.3170; p<0.001). Additionally, environmental impacts strongly and positively affect PHI-1 (β=0.4978; p<0.001) but not PHI-2. Thus, results suggest that environmental impact, PHI-1, and PHI-2 strongly affect health expenditures (β=0.3154; p<0.001, β=0.5745; p<0.001, and β=−0.4843; p<0.001, respectively), with PHI-2 negatively affecting the health expenditures. Practical implications This study presents evidence that can aid in decision making regarding public and private efforts to better align budgets and resources as well as predict the needs and expenditures of public health care systems. Originality/value This investigation finds that the main variables addressed are strongly associated at the worldwide level. Thus, these analytical procedures can be used to predict public health and health care cost scenarios at the global level.

scholarly journals Exploring the interaction of activity limitations with context, systems, community and personal factors in accessing public health care services: A presentation of South African case studies

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gubela Mji ◽  
Stine H. Braathen ◽  
Richard Vergunst ◽  
Elsje Scheffler ◽  
Janis Kritzinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Public Health Care ◽  
Activity Limitations ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Access To Health Services ◽  
Public Health Services

Background: There are many factors that influence access to public health services, such as the context people live in, the existing health services, and personal, cultural and community factors. People with disabilities (activity limitations), through their experience of health services, may offer a particular understanding of the performance of the health services, thus exposing health system limitations more clearly than perhaps any other health service user.Aim: This article explores how activity limitations interact with factors related to context, systems, community and personal factors in accessing public health care services in South Africa.Setting: We present four case studies of people with disabilities from four low-resource diverse contexts in South Africa (rural, semi-rural, farming community and peri-urban) to highlight challenges of access to health services experienced by people with activity limitations in a variety of contexts.Methods: One case study of a person with disabilities was chosen from each study setting to build evidence using an intensive qualitative case study methodology to elucidate individual and household experiences of challenges experienced by people with activity limitations when attempting to access public health services. In-depth interviews were used to collect data, using an interview guide. The analysis was conducted in the form of a thematic analysis using the interview topics as a starting point.Results: First, these four case studies demonstrate that equitable access to health services for people with activity limitations is influenced by a complex interplay of a variety of factors for a single individual in a particular context. Secondly, that while problems with access to public health services are experienced by everyone, people with activity limitations are affected in particular ways making them particularly vulnerable in using public health services.Conclusion: The revitalisation of primary health care and the introduction of national health insurance by the Health Department of South Africa open a window of opportunity for policy makers and policy implementers to revisit and address the areas of access to public health services for people with activity limitations.

scholarly journals LA FINANCIACIÓN DE LA SANIDAD PÚBLICA ESPAÑOLA. ESPECIAL REFERENCIA A LA CRISIS SANITARIA GENERADA POR COVID-19.

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 356-372
Author(s):  
Nuria Benítez Llamazares
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Health System ◽  
National Health System ◽  
Health Spending ◽  
Public Health Spending ◽  
Spanish Constitution ◽  
Definition Of Health ◽  
Definition Of

Health population is considered as a fundamental right according to the Spanish Constitution, and public administrations have the duty to guarantee such benefits. National Health System in Spain is configurated by public structures and Health services at all levels of government. The definition of health care benefits as non-contributory implies that the most appropriate alternative is the tax financing of a high percentage of public health spending. Additionally, other financing mechanisms are possible, such as income from donations to the COVID-19 State, an alternative that has given good results to finance the costs associated with the management of the current pandemic.

scholarly journals The burden of abdominal obesity with physical inactivity on health expenditure in Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-74
Author(s):  
Jamile S. Codogno ◽  
Bruna C. Turi ◽  
Flávia M. Sarti ◽  
Rômulo A. Fernandes ◽  
Henrique L. Monteiro
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Health Care Expenditure ◽  
Health Care Expenditures ◽  
Public Health Care ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Medical Consultations

The purpose of this study was to analyze the association between the clustering of physical inactivity with abdominal obesity and public health care expenditure in Brazilian adults. The sample was composed of 963 patients of both genders, randomly selected in the Brazilian Public Health care System during 2010. Entire health care expenditures during the last year were computed and stratified into: medical consultations, medication dispensing, laboratory tests and overall expenditure. Waist circumference was used to diagnose abdominal obesity and physical activity was assessed by previously validated questionnaire. Sedentary and abdominally obese patients (OR= 3.01 [OR95%CI= 1.81-4.99]) had higher likelihood be inserted in the group of higher expenditures than only abdominally obese patients (OR= 1.66 [OR95%CI= 1.07-2.59]). There is a synergic effect between abdominal obesity and physical inactivity on overall health care expenditures.

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