scholarly journals ACHADOS LABORATORIAIS EM CÃES COM LEISHMANIOSE VISCERAL – REVISÃO DE LITERATURA

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo de Oliveira Alves Pinto ◽  
Gabriela Reis Xavier ◽  
Igor Soares Gouveia ◽  
Ivina De Almeida Freitas ◽  
Miriam Nogueira Teixeira

Introdução: A leishamaniose visceral é uma doença parasitária transmitida pelo flebótomo Lutzomyia longipalpis causada por um protozoário do gênero Leishmania spp. e tem uma grande importância na saúde única, visto que é uma doença zoonótica, endêmica no Brasil. É importante que o médico veterinário esteja atento aos achados clínicos dessa patologia, inclusive aqueles presentes nos exames complementares. Objetivo: Demostrar os possíveis achados no hemograma, na urinálise e no perfil hepático de cães acometidos pela leishmaniose visceral. Material e métodos: a revisão foi desenvolvida a partir de consultas bibliográficas acerca da leishamaniose visceral canina, que abordassem sobre exames complementares e artigos publicados em bancos científicos. As bibliografias utilizadas foram Hematologia E Bioquímica Clínica Veterinária (2ª ed.) e Fundamentos de Patologia Clínica Veterinária (2ª ed.). As plataformas cientificas utilizadas foram o Google Acadêmico (Scholar), The Scientific Eletronic Library Online) e Pubmed®, totalizando 6 artigos. Resultados: Relata-se que, no hemograma, é comum encontrarmos, nesses animais, uma anemia de morfologia normocítica e normocrômica, uma leucopenia com linfopenia e uma trombocitopenia, todas não regenerativas, caracterizando uma pan hipoplasia medular, em animais na fase inicial da doença é comum a leucocitose com neutrofilia. Na urinálise, comumente encontra-se leucocitúria e proteinúria, assim como presença de cilindros, podendo ser hialinos e granulosos, caracterizando lesão tubular renal. A glomerulonefrite também pode ser destacada, sendo essa acarretada devido a deposição de imunocomplexos. No exame bioquímico poucas são as diferenças relatadas, entretanto os cães afetados pela leishamania spp. podem apresentar azotemia, caracterizada pelo aumento excessivo da creatinina e ureia no exame laboratorial, a hipoalbunemia também é descrita, sendo essa em razão da resposta imune frente ao parasita, que causa inflamação hepática. Conclusão: A leishmaniose visceral canina causa diversas alterações laboratoriais em animais acometidos. Entretanto, é importante salientar que, com apenas esses exames, não é possível fechar o diagnóstico da doença, sendo esses utilizados para auxiliar o médico veterinário a complementar a suspeita clínica

2001 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 229-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Maria Pereira de Oliveira ◽  
Bianca Aguiar de Morais ◽  
Claudia Abrantes Gonçalves ◽  
Cristina Maria Giordano-Dias ◽  
Maurício Luiz Vilela ◽  
...  

Há poucos estudos sobre a microbiota do trato digestivo de flebotomíneos, considerando-se que o sangue não é o único alimento ingerido. Os flebotomíneos, tanto os machos como as fêmeas, alimentam-se de açúcares, provenientes de várias fontes, possibilitando a ingestão de microrganismos. As chances de contaminação aumentam nos insetos criados em laboratório e pode interferir no desenvolvimento da Leishmania spp. Foi separado um total de 300 fêmeas, divididas em dois lotes, das quais extraímos o trato digestivo. No lote 1(fêmeas alimentadas com sangue e sacarose) das 10 espécies bacterianas isoladas, a família Enterobacteriaceae esteve representada pelos gêneros Serratia, Enterobacter e Yokenella, e o grupo dos não fermentadores pelos gêneros Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter e Stenotrophomonas. No lote 2 (fêmeas alimentadas apenas com sangue) das 8 espécies isoladas o grupo dos não fermentadores esteve representado pelos gêneros Acinetobacter, Stenotrophomonas, Burkolderia e Pseudomonas, e a família Enterobacteriaceae, pelos gêneros Enterobacter e Serratia.


2009 ◽  
Vol 160 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 18-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa San Martin Mouriz Savani ◽  
Vânia Lúcia Brandão Nunes ◽  
Eunice Aparecida Bianchi Galati ◽  
Tiago Moreno Castilho ◽  
Ricardo Andrade Zampieri ◽  
...  

2002 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 255-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Érika M. MICHALSKY ◽  
Consuelo L. FORTES-DIAS ◽  
Paulo F.P. PIMENTA ◽  
Nágila F.C. SECUNDINO ◽  
Edelberto S. DIAS

DNA amplification by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was applied in the investigation of the presence of Leishmania (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae) parasites in single phlebotomine sandflies. Three phlebotomine/parasite pairs were used: Lutzomyia longipalpis/Leishmania chagasi, Lutzomyia migonei/Leishmania amazonensis and Lutzomyia migonei/Leishmania braziliensis, all of them incriminated in the transmission of visceral or cutaneous leishmaniasis. DNA extraction was performed with whole insects, with no need of previous digestive tract dissection or pooling specimens. The presence of either mouse blood in the digestive tract of the sandflies or the digestive tract itself did not interfere in the PCR. Infection by as few as 10 Leishmania sp. per individual were sufficient for DNA amplification with genus-specific primers. Using primers for L. braziliensis and L. mexicana complexes, respectively, it was possible to discriminate between L. braziliensis and L. amazonensis in experimentally infected vectors (L. migonei).


2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 605-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willian Marinho Dourado Coelho ◽  
Katia Denise Saraiva Bresciani

Leishmaniasis is an important chronic zoonosis caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania spp. The major vectors of this protozoosis are sand flies, and Lutzomyia longipalpis is considered the main species implicated in the transmission of American Visceral Leishmaniasis in Brazil. The presence of the parasite's deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in ectoparasites such as ticks and fleas has prompted speculations about the existence of new vectors in the cycle of leishmaniasis. The aim of this paper is to report the molecular detection of Leishmania spp. in a horse fly of the species Tabanus importunus which parasitized an oligosymptomatic dog infected with Leishmania spp. Molecular amplification of the protozoan's DNA in the head, thoracic region and abdomen of the tabanid tested positive for Leishmania complex. This is the first report of the presence of DNA from Leishmaniaspp. in dipterous insects of the species T. importunus.


2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 2414-2419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nanci A. Missawa ◽  
Érika Monteiro Michalsky ◽  
Consuelo Latorre Fortes-Dias ◽  
Edelberto Santos Dias

The American visceral leishmaniasis (AVL) is caused by parasites belonging to the genus Leishmania (Trypanosomatidae) and is transmitted to humans through the bite of certain species of infected phlebotomine sand flies. In this study, we investigated the natural infection ratio of Lutzomyia longipalpis, the main vector species of AVL in Brazil, in Várzea Grande, Mato Grosso State. Between July 2004 and June 2006, phlebotomine sand flies were captured in peridomestic areas using CDC light-traps. Four hundred and twenty (420) specimens of Lu. longipalpis were captured. 42 pools, containing 10 specimens of Lu. longipalpis each, were used for genomic DNA extraction and PCR (polymerase chain reaction) amplification. Leishmania spp. DNA was detected in three out of the 42 pools tested, resulting in a minimal infection ratio of 0.71%. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis indicated that Leishmania (L.) chagasi was the infective agent in the positive pools.


2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luzia MC Côrtes ◽  
Roger MM Silva ◽  
Bernardo AS Pereira ◽  
Camila Guerra ◽  
Angela C Zapata ◽  
...  

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 464-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Capriogli Oliveira ◽  
Laís Moraes Paiz ◽  
Benedito Donizete Menozzi ◽  
Michele de Souza Lima ◽  
Carla Cristina Guimarães de Moraes ◽  
...  

Abstract Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne zoonotic disease caused by protozoa in the genus Leishmania, typical of rural and peri-urban environments. The causative agent of American visceral leishmaniasis is Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum chagasi and the main insect vector in Brazil is Lutzomyia longipalpis. Dogs (Canis familiaris) are important in the transmission of the disease, as a reservoir closely related to humans and an infection source for phlebotomine vectors. Since 1990, an increasing number of feline leishmaniasis cases have been reported, suggesting that domestic cats (Felis catus) might be involved in the epidemiology of the disease. The present study analyzed the prevalence of anti-Leishmania spp. antibodies in naturally infected domestic cats from various neighborhoods in the municipality of Belém, Pará, Brazil, using the indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and the direct agglutination test (DAT). Among the 443 samples tested, 18 (4.06%) presented positive reactions in the IFA. The observed titers were 40 IU in 4.97% of the samples and 80 IU in 0.90%. In the DAT test, positive results were found in 25 (5.64%) of the samples. The observed titers were also 40 IU (4.97%) and 80 IU (0.68%). The agreement rate between the two tests was considered low (Kappa coefficient = 0.10).


Author(s):  
J.C. Castro ◽  
L.L. Bueno ◽  
T.F. Milagres ◽  
F.D. Rêgo ◽  
C.M.F. Gontijo ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Rosa Cristina Ribeiro da Silva ◽  
Léo Nava Piorsky Dominici Cruz ◽  
João Manoel da Silva Coutinho ◽  
Núrzia Cristina Correia Santana ◽  
José Manuel Macário Rebêlo

Abstract Studies on experimental sand fly infection require the availability of colonies and laboratory conditions. In Brazil, Lutzomyia longipalpis (Diptera: Psychodidae) (Lutz and Neiva 1912) is responsible for the highest infection rates by Leishmania spp. and this species is one of the most suitable species for laboratory colonization. In this study, we describe a method for growing Lu. longipalpis in laboratory conditions (10 generations) from natural populations sampled from a region of high endemicity for visceral leishmaniasis in the state of Maranhão, Northeastern Brazil. Using two methods (individualized or grouped females), the colony’s highest productivity occurred in the first four generations, where all stages presented with high frequency. Nonviable eggs represented more than 50% of the total eggs produced by engorged females, while pupae were more resistant to fungal contamination, with a mortality rate of only 2%. In both methods, there was a predominance of female emergence; however, the ratio between males and females did not show significant differences, IF (P = 0.8023) and GF (P = 0.1831). Using the method of individualized females, the F4 generation took the longest to appear (234 d; 64 ± 57 d); by grouped females, F3 took the longest to appear (102 d; 47 ± 20 d). This method provides sufficient numbers of insects to perform vector competence tests for Leishmania spp. that cause the cutaneous form of leishmaniasis, usually found in Lu. longipalpis sampled from the study location.


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