Formulation and Evaluation of Anti-Acne Cream Using the Extracts of Oscillatoria sp: Investigating its Bio compatibility and Toxicity by Skin irritation test and Brine Shrimp Lethality assay

Acne by definition is a multifactorial continual inflammatory ailment of pilosebaceous units. Although antibiotics play an essential role in acne control, the development of drug resistance among acne-causing bacteria (Propionibacterium acne and Streptococcus sp)had created a need for the development of novel antimicrobial agents. Therefore, the present study focuses on the development of anti-acne cream using extracts of Oscillatoria sp. Oscillatoria extracts were used as a major constituent for acne cream with paraffin wax as the cream base. The Oscillatoria extracts and developed cream were investigated for antibacterial activity against acne-causing bacteria. The biocompatibility of the acne cream was evaluated by a patch test and Brine shrimp lethality assay was performed to determine the toxicity of the developed cream. The extract and acne-cream showed 14mm and 15mm; and 13mm and 11mm against Propioni bacterium acnes and Streptococcus sp. The cream showed no irritation endpoints and it was found to be non-toxic. Thus the developed anti-acne cream can be developed as a product for the treatment of acne.

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Antibacterial Activity against Clinical Isolates of Salmonella enterica Serovar Paratyphi and Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay of Trichilia megalanthaHarms and Trichilia welwitschii C. DC

Ethiopian Pharmaceutical Journal ◽

10.4314/epj.v36i1.2 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 36 (1) ◽

pp. 11-18

Author(s):

Philip A. Idowu ◽

Tajudeen A. Adegbenle

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Medicinal Plants ◽

Salmonella Enterica ◽

Brine Shrimp ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Clinical Isolates ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Leaf Extracts ◽

Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽

Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay

Increasing resistance of typhoidal Salmonella enterica to conventional antibiotics has caused more cases of typhoid, therapeutic failure, morbidity and mortality; creating the need to search for new and effective antimicrobial agents from medicinal plants. The present study aimed to detect antisalmonella activity and cytotoxicity (safety) status of the stem bark and leaves of two Nigerian medicinal plants, Trichilia megalantha and Trichilia welwitschii. Nine clinical isolates of Salmonella paratyphi, whose antibiogram were determined by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method were used. Antibacterial activity, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the extracts on the clinical isolates were done by agar cup diffusion and agar dilution methods, respectively. Acute toxicity of the extracts was determined using brine shrimp lethality assay (BSLA). All the nine isolates of Salmonella paratyphi were resistant to β-lactam antibiotics (augmentin, cefuroxime, ceftazidime and ampicillin) but susceptible to fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin), nitrofurantoin and gentamicin. The crude extracts of the two plants elicited activity against the nine clinical isolates with the bark extracts being more active than the leaf extracts. T. welwitschii was slightly less active than T. megalantha. The MIC and MBC ranged 1.25 - 5.0 mg/ ml and 2.5 - 10 mg/ml, respectively for the plants. The antisalmonella activity of methanolic extracts of both plants were found to be less than that of ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin. With modal cytotoxicity values of 400 - 500 μg/ml, the plant parts were considered nontoxic. Therefore, T. megalantha and T. welwitschii could provide a potential source of antibacterial agent(s) for the treatment of Salmonella paratyphoid infections. Keywords: Trichilia megalantha; Trichilia welwitschii, antisalmonella; cytotoxicity; Salmonella paratyphi

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Me-too validation study for in vitro skin irritation test with a reconstructed human epidermis model, KeraSkin™ for OECD test guideline 439

Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology ◽

10.1016/j.yrtph.2020.104725 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 117 ◽

pp. 104725

Author(s):

Juhee Han ◽

Seolyeong Kim ◽

Su-Hyun Lee ◽

Jin-Sik Kim ◽

Yu Jin Chang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Validation Study ◽

Skin Irritation ◽

Human Epidermis ◽

Reconstructed Human Epidermis ◽

Irritation Test ◽

Skin Irritation Test ◽

Test Guideline ◽

Oecd Test Guideline

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Antioxidant, Antibacterial and Cytotoxic Activity of the Methanol Extract of Urtica Crenulata

Journal of Scientific Research ◽

10.3329/jsr.v2i1.2872 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 169-177

Author(s):

M. A. Rahman ◽

M. S. Rana ◽

M. M. Zaman ◽

S. A. Uddin ◽

R. Akter

Keyword(s):

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Free Radical ◽

Cytotoxic Activity ◽

Brine Shrimp ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Free Radical Scavenging ◽

Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽

Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay ◽

Stem Extract

The antioxidant, antibacterial and cytotoxic properties of methanol extract of Urtica crenulata (syn: Laportea crenulata Gaud) stem has been investigated in the present study. The antioxidant and cytotoxic activity of the Urtica crenulata methanol extract were assessed by DPPH free radical scavenging method and brine shrimp lethality bioassay method, respectively. The antibacterial activity of the plant extract (500 μg/disc) was also carried out by disc diffusion technique. Stem extract showed DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) free radical scavenging effect compared with ascorbic acid. IC50 value of ascorbic acid and stem extract was found 14.72 μg/ml and 1468.9 μg/ml, respectively. In antibacterial experiment, Urtica crenulata stem extract showed 8, 14 and 10 mm of diameter of zone inhibition against Salmonella typhi, Shigella flexneri and Shigella sonnei, respectively and 9 and 8 mm of diameter of zone inhibition against Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus cereus but no activity was observed against Staphylococcus aureus. In brine shrimp lethality assay, the LC50 value of the extract was found 104.0 μg/ml, which indicates that the extract has high cytoxic effect. The present study demonstrates that methanol extract of Urtica crenulata stem has significant cytotoxic effect. The extract also showed some moderate antibacterial and minimum significant antioxidant effects. Keywords: Urtica crenulata; Antioxidant; Antibacterial; Cytotoxic; BHT. © 2010 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. DOI: 10.3329/jsr.v2i1.2872 J. Sci. Res. 2 (1), 169-177 (2010)

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Pre-validation of an in vitro skin irritation test for medical devices using the reconstructed human tissue model EpiDerm™

Toxicology in Vitro ◽

10.1016/j.tiv.2018.02.007 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 50 ◽

pp. 407-417 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Helena Kandarova ◽

Jamin A. Willoughby ◽

Wim H. De Jong ◽

Silvia Letasiova ◽

Tatiana Milasova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medical Devices ◽

Human Tissue ◽

Skin Irritation ◽

Tissue Model ◽

Irritation Test ◽

Skin Irritation Test

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Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay of the Aqueous and Ethanolic Extracts of the Selected Species of Medicinal Plants

Proceedings ◽

10.3390/ecsoc-23-06703 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 41 (1) ◽

pp. 47

Author(s):

Sandeep Waghulde ◽

Mohan K. Kale ◽

VijayR. Patil

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plants ◽

Brine Shrimp ◽

Pharmacological Effects ◽

Bioactive Components ◽

Pharmacological Activities ◽

Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽

Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay ◽

Ethanolic Extracts ◽

Annona Reticulata

The present study was conducted to test for in vivo Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay (BSLA) of the Aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Annona reticulata with Allium fistolisum and Brassica oleraceaeand correlate cytotoxicity results with known pharmacological activities of the plants. Cytotoxicity was evaluated in terms of LC50 (lethality concentration). Ten nauplii were added into three replicates of each concentration of the plant extract. After 24 h the surviving brine shrimp larvae were counted and LC50 was assessed. Results showed that the extracts of Annona reticulata with Allium fistolisumand Brassica oleraceaewere potent against the brine shrimp when compared alone with combined extracts. It indicated that bioactive components are present in these plants that could be accounted for its pharmacological effects. Thus, the results support the uses of these plant species in traditional medicine.

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In Vitro Anticancer MCF-7, Anti-Inflammatory, and Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay (BSLA) and GC-MS Analysis of Whole Plant Butanol Fraction of Rheum ribes (WBFRR)

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2019/3264846 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Jahangir Khan Achakzai ◽

Muhammad Anwar Panezai ◽

Muhammad Ayub Kakar ◽

Abdul Manan Kakar ◽

Shahabuddin Kakar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Line ◽

Brine Shrimp ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Aqueous Fraction ◽

Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽

Butanol Fraction ◽

Whole Plant ◽

Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Mcf 7

In this study, GC-MS analysis has shown that whole plant butanol fraction of rheum ribes (WBFRR) comprises of 21 compounds which exhibited anticancer (MCF-7) activity having IC50 value of 36.01± 0.26. MTT assay (MCF-7), Oxidative Burst assay using chemiluminescence technique, and B-Hatching techniques were the methods used for anticancer MCF-7, anti-inflammatory, and Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay (BSLA). GC-MS was used for structural elucidation. Whole plant methanol extract of rheum ribes (WMERR), whole plant n-hexane fraction of rheum ribes (WHFRR), and whole plant aqueous fraction of rheum ribes (WAFRR) were inactive against anticancer (MCF-7) cell line. Whole plant methanol extract of rheum ribes (WMERR), whole plant aqueous fraction of rheum ribes (WAFRR) and whole plant butanol fraction of rheum ribes (WBFRR) showed anti-inflammatory activity on ROS having IC50 value of 23.2±1.9, 24.2±2.7 and 12.0±0.6. Whole plant butanol fraction of rheum ribes (WBFRR) showed Brine Shrimp Lethality with LD50 693.302 while whole plant methanol extract of rheum ribes (WMERR) and whole plant aqueous fraction of rheum ribes (WAFRR) showed high lethality at highest concentration. This study revealed that whole plant butanol fraction of rheum ribes (WBFRR) exhibited significant anticancer (MCF-7) activity. In the near future, the constituent of whole plant butanol fraction of rheum ribes (WBFRR) can be the alternative drug against MCF-7 cell line with least toxicity and side effects.

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