scholarly journals Adaptive Vocabulary Construction for Frustration Intensity Modelling in Customer Support Dialog Texts

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Janis Zuters ◽  
Viktorija Leonova
Keyword(s):  
Customer Support ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Learning Classifier ◽  
Intensity Prediction ◽  
Frustration Level ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Emotion Type ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
A Current ◽  
Modelling Data

This paper examines emotion intensity prediction in dialogs between clients and customer support representatives occurring on Twitter. We focus on a single emotion type, namely, frustration, modelling the user's level of frustration while attempting to predict frustration intensity on the current and next turn, based on the text of turns coming from both dialog participants. A subset of the Kaggle Customer Support on Twitter dataset was used as the modelling data, annotated with per-turn frustration intensity ratings. We propose to represent dialog turns by binary encoded bags of automatically selected keywords to be subsequently used in a machine learning classifier. To assess the classification quality, we examined two different levels of accuracy imprecision tolerance. Our model achieved a level of accuracy significantly higher than a statistical baseline for prediction of frustration intensity for a current turn. However, we did not find the additional information from customer support turns to help predict frustration intensity of the next turn, and the reason for that is possibly the stability of user’s frustration level over the course of the conversation, in other words, the inability of support’s response to exert much influence to user’s initial frustration level.

scholarly journals Frustration Intensity Prediction in Customer Support Dialog Texts

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janis Zuters ◽  
Viktorija Leonova
Keyword(s):  
Customer Support ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Learning Classifier ◽  
Intensity Prediction ◽  
Emotion Intensity ◽  
Frustration Level ◽  
Emotion Type ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Modelling Data ◽  
Classification Quality

This paper examines the evolution of emotion intensity in dialogs occurring on Twitter between customer support representatives and clients (“users”). We focus on a single emotion type— frustration, modelling the user's level of frustration (on scale of 0 to 4) for each dialog turn and attempting to predict change of intensity from turn to turn, based on the text of turns from both dialog participants. As the modelling data, we used a subset of the Kaggle Customer Support on Twitter dataset annotated with per-turn frustration intensity ratings. For the modelling, we used a machine learning classifier for which dialog turns were represented by specifically selected bags of words. Since in our experimental setup the prediction classes (i.e., ratings) are not independent, to assess the classification quality, we examined different levels of accuracy imprecision tolerance. We showed that for frustration intensity prediction of actual dialog turns we can achieve a level of accuracy significantly higher than a statistical baseline. However we found that, as the intensity of user’s frustration tends to be stable across turns of the dialog, customer support turns have only a very limited immediate effect on the customer's level of frustration, so using the additional information from customer support turns doesn't help to predict future frustration level.

Implications of Person Fluctuation for the Stability and Validity of Test Scores

Methodology ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 142-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pere J. Ferrando
Keyword(s):  
Item Response ◽  
Test Scores ◽  
Temporal Stability ◽  
Person Fit ◽  
Item Parameters ◽  
Individual Trait ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Fluctuation Model

In the IRT person-fluctuation model, the individual trait levels fluctuate within a single test administration whereas the items have fixed locations. This article studies the relations between the person and item parameters of this model and two central properties of item and test scores: temporal stability and external validity. For temporal stability, formulas are derived for predicting and interpreting item response changes in a test-retest situation on the basis of the individual fluctuations. As for validity, formulas are derived for obtaining disattenuated estimates and for predicting changes in validity in groups with different levels of fluctuation. These latter formulas are related to previous research in the person-fit domain. The results obtained and the relations discussed are illustrated with an empirical example.

Kindling the Spark

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne Haroutounian
Keyword(s):  
Musical Training ◽  
Music Educators ◽  
Home School ◽  
Wide Audience ◽  
Specialized Schools ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Teacher Researcher ◽  
Training And Research ◽  
Private Studio ◽  
Different Levels

Gathering perspectives of musical talent from the psychological, musical, and educational fields, Kindling the Spark is the only single sourcebook that defines musical talent and provides practical strategies for identifying and nurturing it. Joanne Haroutounian uses her experience as teacher, researcher, and parent to clarify central issues concerning talent recognition and development in a way that will easily appeal to a wide audience. The book describes the different stages of development in musical training, including guidelines for finding a suitable teacher at different levels, social and psychological aspects that impact musical training, and research on talent development by ages and stages from infancy and preschool years through the teen years. An important feature of the book are "sparkler exercises" designed to provoke observable talent behavior in home, school, and studio settings. The book also includes an Appendix of Resources which lists books, media, organizations, and specialized schools that offer additional information on musical talent, identification, and development. For music educators in both public school and private studio settings--as well as for parents and their musically inclined children--Kindling the Spark provides an invaluable summary of the research on talent and a wealth of resources for developing it.

scholarly journals FRI0431 PROFILE OF INFECTIOUS SPONDYLODISCITIS ACCORDING TO THE SITE: UNIFOCAL VERSUS MULTIFOCAL

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 814.3-814
Author(s):  
A. Ben Tekaya ◽  
L. Ben Ammar ◽  
M. Ben Hammamia ◽  
O. Saidane ◽  
S. Bouden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Current Problem ◽  
Common Factor ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Posterior Arch ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Infectious Spondylodiscitis ◽  
Vertebral Biopsy ◽  
Inflammatory Syndrome ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
A Current

Background:Infectious spondylodiscitis is a therapeutic emergency and is a current problem. It can affect the different levels of the spine. Multifocal forms, touching several floors, however remain rare.Objectives:To compare the clinical, biological, radiological and therapeutic aspects of unifocal versus multifocal spondylodiscitis.Methods:This is a retrospective study of 113 patients admitted to our service over a period of 20 years [1998-2018]. The diagnosis of spondylodiscitis was made on the basis of clinical, biological, radiological and bacteriological data. We have divided our population into two groups: unifocal and multifocal spondylodiscitis.Results:Spondylodiscitis was more frequently unifocal (75.2%) than multifocal (24.8%). The average age of the patients was 55.8 years. There were 62 men and 51 women. There was no difference in age and sex between the two groups (p=0.5 and p=0.8, respectively).Diabetes was more frequent in the group of multifocal spondylodiscitis but with no statistically significant difference (p=0.4). No statistically significant difference between the two groups regarding the start mode (p=0.7), the schedule (p=0.3), the presence of neurological signs (p=0.7), fever (p = 0.2), impaired general condition (p=0.6) and biological inflammatory syndrome (p=0.6).Cervical and dorsal spine involvement was more common in multifocal spondylodiscitis (p = 0.02 and p = 0.01; respectively). There were 11 spondylodiscitis involving 2 floors (cervical and dorsal: 2 cases, cervical and lumbar: 3 cases, dorsal and lumbar: 6 cases) and 3 spondylodiscitis involving 3 floors.Radiologically, the presence of vertebral fracture and involvement of the posterior arch was more frequent during the multifocal form (p=0.03 and p=0.001; respectively). The frequency of para-vertebral abscesses, epiduritis and the presence of spinal cord compression were similar in the two groups (p=0.6; p=0.7 and p=0.2, respectively).Tuberculosis was more frequent during the multifocal form (p = 0.05) and brucellosis during the unifocal form (p = 0.03). Disco-vertebral biopsy was performed in 79 cases. It was more often contributory during multifocal spondylodiscitis (p = 0.03).The occurrence of immediate complications was more frequent in multifocal spondylodiscitis but with no statistically significant difference (p=0.2).Conclusion:Multifocal sppondylodiscitis is seen mainly in immunocompromised subjects. Our study found that diabetes is the most common factor in immunosuppression. Note also the predominance of involvement of the posterior elements, tuberculous origin and immediate complications.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

scholarly journals Review of claudin proteins as potential biomarkers for necrotizing enterocolitis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Griffiths ◽  
Niazy Al Assaf ◽  
Rizwan Khan
Keyword(s):  
Necrotizing Enterocolitis ◽  
Intestinal Permeability ◽  
Central Feature ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
Noninvasive Biomarker ◽  
Current Area ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Human Neonates ◽  
A Current

Abstract Background Claudin proteins are a component of tight junctions found in cell-cell adhesion complexes. A central feature of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is intestinal permeability, with changes to claudin proteins potentially contributing to intestinal instability, inflammation, and the progression of NEC. A current area of interest is the development of a novel, noninvasive biomarker for the detection of NEC in neonates at risk of developing this disease, in order to reduce morbidity and mortality through earlier intervention. Aims This review aims to explore the relevance of claudin proteins in the pathophysiology of NEC and their potential usefulness as a biomarker. Methods This review was conducted using the search terms “claudin” + “necrotizing enterocolitis”, with 27 papers selected for review. Results Claudin proteins appear to have a role in the stability of the gut epithelium through the regulation of intestinal permeability, maturity, and inflammation. Formula feeding has been shown to promote inflammation and result in changes to claudin proteins, while breastfeeding and certain nutritional supplements lead to reduced inflammation and improved intestinal stability as demonstrated through changes to claudin protein expression. Preliminary studies in human neonates suggest that urinary claudin measurements may be used to predict the development of NEC. Conclusions Alterations to claudin proteins may reflect changes seen to intestinal permeability and inflammation in the context of NEC. Further research is necessary to understand the relevance of claudin proteins in the pathophysiology of NEC and their use as a biomarker.

scholarly journals Genotype x Environment Interaction and Yield-Stability Analyses of Rice Grown in Tropical Inland Swamp

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adesola L. NASSIR ◽  
Omolayo J. ARIYO
Keyword(s):  
Total Variation ◽  
Yield Stability ◽  
Genotype X Environment Interaction ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Environmental Indices ◽  
Genotype X Environment ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Gxe Interaction ◽  
The Stability

Twelve rice varieties were cultivated in inland hydromorphic lowland over a four year-season period in tropical rainforest ecology to study the genotype x environment (GxE) interaction and yield stability and to determine the agronomic and environmental factors responsible for the interaction. Data on yield and agronomic characters and environmental variables were analyzed using the Additive Main Effect and Multiplicative Interaction (AMMI), Genotype and Genotype x Environment Interaction, GGE and the yield stability using the modified rank-sum statistic (YSi). AMMI analysis revealed environmental differences as accounting for 47.6% of the total variation. The genotype and GxE interaction accounted for 28.5% and 24% respectively. The first and second interaction axes captured 57% and 30% of the total variation due to GXE interaction. The analysis identified ‘TOX 3107’ as having a combination of stable and average yield. The GGE captured 85.8%of the total GxE. ‘TOX 3226-53-2-2-2’ and ‘ITA 230’ were high yielding but adjudged unstable by AMMI. These two varieties along with ‘WITA 1’ and ‘TOX 3180-32-2-1-3-5’ were identified with good inland swamp environment, which is essentially moisture based. The two varieties (‘TOX 3226-53-2-2-2’ and ‘ITA 230’), which were equally considered unstable in yield by the stability variance, ?2i, were selected by YSi in addition to ‘TOX 3107’, ‘WITA 1’, ‘IR 8’ and ‘M 55’. The statistic may positively complement AMMI and GGE in selecting varieties suited to specific locations with peculiar fluctuations in environmental indices. Correlation of PC scores with environmental and agronomic variables identified total rainfall up to the reproductive stage, variation in tillering ability and plant height as the most important factors underlying the GxE interaction. Additional information from the models can be positively utilized in varietal development for different ecologies.

scholarly journals Dynamics and stability of skyrmions in a bended nano-beam

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anruo Zhong ◽  
Xiaoming Lan ◽  
Yangfan Hu ◽  
Biao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Cost ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
Elastic Fields ◽  
Spintronic Devices ◽  
Bulk Stress ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Magnetic Skyrmions ◽  
Nontrivial Topology ◽  
A Current

Abstract Magnetic skyrmions are attracting much attention due to their nontrivial topology and high mobility to electric current. Nevertheless, suppression of the skyrmion Hall effect and maintaining high velocity of skyrmions with low energy cost are two major challenges concerning skyrmion-based spintronic devices. Here we show theoretically that in a nano-beam suffering appropriate bending moment, both Bloch-type and Néel-type skyrmions move with a vanishing Hall angle under a current density smaller than that required when the bending is absent. Moreover, bending alone can be used to move skyrmions, whose velocity is solved analytically from the Thiele equation. Generally speaking, inhomogeneous elastic fields affect the stability and dynamics of skyrmions, where the local stability is dominantly determined by the local bulk stress. These findings throw new light on how to drive skyrmions straightly with lower energy cost, which is vital for utilizing skyrmions as information carriers.

Study of Dynamic Modes of Current Stabilization Systems of Powerful Electromagnets with Pulse-Width Modulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 313-320
Author(s):  
M. S. Lur’e ◽  
O. M. Lur’e ◽  
A. S. Frolov
Keyword(s):  
Pulse Width ◽  
Pulse Width Modulation ◽  
Functional Differential Equations ◽  
Original System ◽  
Nyquist Stability ◽  
Detailed Assessment ◽  
Functional Differential ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Automatic Systems ◽  
A Current

This study is devoted to the consideration of a method for assessing the stability of systems with pulse-width modulation, based on the linearization of its equivalent system with pulse-width modulation. An approximate study of the dynamic modes of operation of systems with pulse-width modulation, taking into account the stability for the system of automatic control of the supply current of electromagnets under the conditions of external and internal interference, is carried out. Variants of execution of schemes of pulse-width regulators for the power supply of an electromagnet based on a unipolar and bipolar element with pulse-width modulation are presented. The possibility of linearization of systems with pulse-width modulation for the subsequent detailed assessment of the stability of such systems is shown. The prospects of using functional differential equations for stability analysis of automatic systems with pulse-width modulation are shown. The frequency characteristics of an equivalent pulse system are analyzed using the example of a current stabilization system of high-power electromagnets with a pulse-width regulator, taking into account the replacement of the latitude modulation by the amplitude one. Based on the analysis of the resulting transfer function, which is a stable linearized equivalent open system, the ways of evaluating the stability of the original system with pulse-width modulation using the Nyquist stability criterion are proposed. The conclusion is made about the advantage of a system with PWM, in relation to a system with AIM, in terms of stability, and recommendations are given for the use of the obtained data in the analysis oftransients in such systems.

CONSTANT AND VARIABLE IN THE STYLE OF A RUSSIAN PIANO QUARTET

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-74
Author(s):  
N. K. Samoilova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Chamber Music ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
Functional Roles ◽  
Russian Music ◽  
Piano Quartet ◽  
Music Making ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Transformation Processes ◽  
Different Levels

The process of the steady rooting of invariant genre features of a piano quartet is considered through the ratio between stable and mobile features. Here there is either the complete independence of the instruments, but on the principles of equal participation in the embodiment of musical content, or the variability in the relations of instrumental parts. As the main ones in the genre, the musical norms of the classic-romantic style and the stability of the timbre composition are established. It is noted that in Russian music the evolution of the piano quartet passed through different phases: genre stabilization and recovery, temporary stop and subsequent active development. Transformation processes went through different levels: structure, content, instrumental- timbre solutions, rethinking the functional roles of partner instruments. The movement from the traditional normativity of instrumental compositions to the difference of timbre combinations in the XXth–XXIst centuries was primarily predetermined by such factors as polyphonization of texture, the active introduction of polyphonic forms, new techniques of instrumentation. In the modern piano quartet, the central idea of chamber music making, the idea of co-creation generates both an extremely individualized form of embodiment and a free timbre composition. In conclusion, it is noted that the piano quartet genre has the ability to accumulate the leading style trends in chamber music of different eras.

Interfacial Interactions

2010 ◽  
pp. 128-177
Author(s):  
Wei Ge ◽  
Ning Yang ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Jinghai Li
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Gravitational Potential Energy ◽  
Immersed Boundary ◽  
Immersed Boundary Methods ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Mesoscale Structures ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Drag Models ◽  
The Stability

The drag interaction between gas and solids not only acts as a driving force for solids in gas-solids flows but also plays as a major role in the dissipation of the energy due to drag losses. This leads to enormous complexities as these drag terms are highly non-linear and multiscale in nature because of the variations in solids spatio-temporal distribution. This chapter provides an overview of this important aspect of the hydrodynamic interactions between the gas and solids and the role of spatio-temporal heterogeneities on the quantification of this drag force. In particular, a model is presented which introduces a mesoscale description into two-fluid models for gas-solids flows. This description is formulated in terms of the stability of gas-solids suspension. The stability condition is, in turn, posed as a minimization problem where the competing factors are the energy consumption required to suspend and transport the solids and their gravitational potential energy. However, the lack of scale-separation leads to many uncertainties in quantifying mesoscale structures. The authors have incorporated this model into computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations which have shown improvements over traditional drag models. Fully resolved simulations, such as those mentioned in this chapter and the subject of a later chapter on Immersed Boundary Methods, can be used to obtain additional information about these mesoscale structures. This can be used to formulate better constitutive equations for continuum models.

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