Impact of Dam on Channel Morphology of Alaknanda River in Srinagar Valley (Garhwal Himalaya)
Rivers play a significant role in the human activities all over the world. Increasing demand of water for drinking & irrigation and hydroelectricity, numbers of impacts can be seen in the rivers environment. The present paper focuses on the impact of Supana Dam on the channel morphology of Alaknanda River in Srinagar valley Garhwal Himalaya. The field investigation approach has been adopted for the present study. The impact assessment has been carried out into three categories i.e. (i) Impact of dam on channel morphology, (ii) Impact of dam on human environment and (iii) Anthropogenic impact on channel Morphology. The results of the study show that after the construction of dam positive and negative impact have been assessed. Due to the blockage of water and sediment flow the entire riverine environment has been changed. Channel morphological features are well exposed for geomorphological study. Changing pattern of land and water relationship destroyed the previous ecosystem balance. Besides this, dam is supplying cheapest clean, efficient and reliable energy generated by hydroelectric power plant. Other impacts of dam are loss of fauna and flora, quality of drinking water supply and concentration of pollution in downstream. Out of these large numbers of sand and gravel extraction activities has been started on the exposed channel bed. Although some positive and negative impacts are observed by the construction of dams but several measures have been suggested to mitigate the adverse impacts of a hydropower project in the present study area.