Abundance of the Resplendent Quetzal Pharomachrus mocinno (Trogoniformes, Trogonidae) in the tourist sector of a cloud forest reserve

The Resplendent Quetzal (Pharomachrus mocinno) exhibits characteristics that are common to species prone to extinction, such as occurring at low densities, presenting strict ecological requirements, and inhabiting locations with high rates of degradation. The lack of data on the abundance of threatened species makes it difficult to make management decisions and does not allow to know trends over time, which is essential for conservation in their distribution areas. The abundance and density of the Resplendent Quetzal was estimated from audio/visual detections analyzed with distance sampling techniques. Data was collected in the public use sector of La Tigra National Park, a reserve of virgin and secondary growth cloud forest in Honduras, Central America. A population N = 136 was found with a density of 40 quetzals per km2. There are no systematic studies on the population size and density of the species for this site since 1979, in which a population of 145 quetzals was reported. The estimation of the Resplendent Quetzal population for the total area of the park is a main research priority, which will make it possible to evaluate the viability of the species and the establishment of a new baseline for conservation policies and environmental education efforts in the area of influence.

Geochemical peculiarities of underground and surface waters in the area of influence of the ash dump of the Chita CHPP-1

As a result of filtration leaks from the ash dump, an envelope with a length of over 3 km up to the lake Kenon has been formed along the flow of groundwater bicarbonate-sulphate waters with a mineralization of more than 1.0 g / l, substandard in terms of drinking waters relative to the total mineralization, the magnitude of stiffness and the content of magnesium and silicon. Pollution of natural waters in the areas of disposal of ash dumps is a common problem of coal power plants and thermal power plants [1, 2]. In this regard, the Chita CHPP-1 is no exception. The purpose of this message is to show the change in the chemical characteristics of groundwater and surface water in the zone of influence of its hydraulic ash dump, based on the results of the work performed by the authors. The study was based on the results of hydrogeochemical studies of natural and man-made objects for 2002, 2008 and 2015. Samples were taken in the autumn-summer period (open water period), which, given the fairly stable hydrogeochemical regime within the annual cycle, is fairly representative.

ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF ANTHROPOGENIC AND TECHNOGENIC FACTORS ON THE CONTAMINATION OF THE SOIL COVER OF THE CITY

The aim of the study is to assess the ecological state of the territory of an industrial city based on moni-toring the soil cover. In the winter period, the study of the soil cover of the urbanized territory for the con-tent of sulfates, nitrates, chlorides was carried out, and the pH values were determined. Analysis of the spatial distributions of the studied substances in the soil cover in the area of influence of a large industrial center show the variation of the content of pollutants due to the impact of anthropogenic sources; there is an excess of the background concentration for all tested ingredients. In the course of the research, it has determined that it is advisable to use data on soil pollution in the study area as a means of control-ling the impact of anthropogenic sources on the environment.

Uzasadniona potrzeba czy histeryczny strach przed terroryzmem na przykładzie unijnych rozwiązań utrudniających dostęp do broni palnej

The Paris events recorded in November 2015 once again made people realize that Europe may also be the area of influence of contemporary terrorism. Individual countries and international organizations look for solutions that will improve security and thus reduce the risk of other attacks. One of the ways to reduce the potential risk of acts of terror is the imposition of restrictive regulations by the European Union regarding access to firearms and the sale of firearms. The article identifies contemporary terrorism as one of the most serious threats to international security. It presents and analyses formal, legal, and institutional solutions used in the fight against the phenomenon of terrorism. First, the analysis focuses on the solutions ap-plied by countries belonging to the United Nations Organization (UNO), and then the regula-tions adopted by the European Union. The rules governing the access to firearms by EU citi-zens, as well as the rules regarding the trade in firearms in the territory of the EU and the impact of these solutions on reducing the risk of terrorist attack, were analysed in detail.

Youth as an Object of Online Extremist Propaganda: The Case of the IS

A youth audience is the most vulnerable part of society as an object of influence of radical ideas. The authors argue that the most efficient tool of involving young people of different origin and confessional affiliation into the extremist activity on the present stage is social networks. Despite the fact that the practice of using communication networks in the Internet space by terrorist organizations have existed before, it was the information policy of the ISIS (and later IS) that was characterized by the greatest effectiveness, due to the creation of an integrated media structure, which consisted of numerous foundations and agencies (Al Furqan, Aynad, Itisaam, Al-Hayat, etc.), allowing them to spread their extremist religious and ideological doctrine on a global scale. The use of the widest range of high-quality media products in Internet media and social networks has expanded the organizations area of influence by attracting supporters not only from the Middle East region, but also from European countries and the Russian Federation. The case-study of the mechanisms for attracting European youth through social networks, such as Twitter, Facebook, etc., to extremist activities under the auspices of the IS is held. In conclusion, the prospects for the influence of IS propaganda in social networks after the defeat of a terrorist organization in 2018 are assessed. As a methodological basis of the research, aspect and activity approaches, as well as analytical, statistical methods and the method of content analysis are used.

Forecasting the impact of buildings with multi-storey underground parts on the displacement of subsoil using modern numerical tools

The paper will analyse and review the experience to date in determining the impact range of implementation of deeply founded structures on the displacement of the subsoil in the vicinity. With the background of these experiences, primarily empirical, the present possibilities of using numerical modelling to forecast the displacements of the terrain surface in various stages of works, that is, execution of deep excavation support systems, excavation-deepening phases with successive adding of struts, construction of underground levels and erection of the above-ground part of the building, will be presented. Based on the results of own research, conclusions on the use of 3D numerical models in spatial shaping and designing the structure of underground parts of new buildings erected in dense urban development will be presented. The characterised 3D numerical models were verified, taking into account the actual results of geodetic measurements of the completed buildings. Determining the range and forecasting the displacements of the subsoil are necessary for the design and implementation of investments due to the need to ensure the safety of erection and use of a new building and the buildings located within the area of influence.

ANALYSIS OF IT FRAUD SCHEMES: CLASSIFICATION AND COUNTERACTION

The article analyzes common criminal IT fraud schemes, examines the dynamics of cyber fraudulent actions on the territory of Russia for the period 2019-2020. It was revealed that the most important element of the mechanism of the criminal behavior of a cyber fraudster is the method of committing a crime. An empirical analysis of the views of criminologists on the way IT fraud is committed made it possible to single out its three main properties (actions must be performed in the course of a criminal act; actions are aimed at achieving a criminal result; actions reflect the individual characteristics of a crime). The analysis of criminal schemes made it possible to systematize the data, develop the author's criteria for their classification (depending on the communication channels; by the area of influence; by referential means; by the degree of psychoemotional impact on the victim), as well as traditional and criminological methods of countering IT fraud that can help the user avoid confusion and intersection of concepts, organize data, strengthen personal and property security in cyberspace.

Application of a methodology with georeferencing in the biological study of fish in the area of influence of a dam in the amazon region

The continuous interference of human activities in continental aquatic systems results in direct and indirect impacts, with consequences for water quality, aquatic biota and the dynamics of water resources. In this context, the Tucuruí Hydroelectric Power Plant (HPP) acquired relatively importance, as it was the first large dam carried out in the Amazon, in the 1980s, presenting important technical/economic results to justify the environmental costs associated with the project. The objective of this study was to apply a new methodology to represent through maps georeferencing biological information and evaluate the impact of the dam on the following fish species, which have different physiologies and taxonomies, in addition to not having much biological information about the species: Botinho (Hassar wilderi, Doradidae), Mandubé (Ageneiosus ucayalensis, Auchenipteridae), Sardinha Papuda (Triportheus trifurcatus, Characidae) and Uéua Cachorrinho (Acestrorhynchus falcirostris, Acestrorhynchidae). The condition factor related to the relationship between the individual's weight and body length, which derives from an expansion of the cubic law of living beings, being very important in ecological studies, even though they depend on simple to the most complex scientific methods, to estimate this bodily condition. Furthermore, this biological parameter influenced by environmental conditions and characteristics, due to food availability and ecological relationships in the environment. This information can support an adequate fisheries management, as there is an integration of fisheries biology and the characteristics of the environment in which they live. Thus, the methodology applied in this study was successful in its application proposal.

The Application of Geophysical Methods in Identification of Subsurface Fractures in The Vicinity of a Poor Performance Percolation Tank

Percolation tanks are constructed to conserve the rainwater in large quantities and allow more infiltration in its area of influence. Sometimes due to heavy fracture concentration/thick weathered zone, the water in percolation tank migrates fast in short period and tank becomes dry, which leads to early scarcity conditions. The village karkatta of taluka and district Latur is one such village, where water is provided by constructing two wells in the vicinity of percolation tank. The water level in the percolation tank depletes fast and the tank becomes dry in early summer. Also one cement nala bandhara was constructed in the downstream of the nala. The village is funded by UNICEF to implement MUS (Multiple Water Users) project. The area is surveyed by applying both electrical resistivity methods and low frequency electromagnetic methods in submergence of tank as well as in the downstream of percolation tank. The studies reveal that the leakages are due to thick vesicular basalt followed by fractured massive basalt. Suitable remedial measures are recommended to slow down the subsurface flow so as to improve the performance of the percolation tank.

Variability of Saharan Cyclone Tracks, I: Climatology Study

Objectively, Saharan cyclones have been detected for the period from 1967 to 2019 using mean sea level pressure (SLP); their tracks have been specified from nearest neighbor cyclonic positions and classified into long/short tracks depending on the area of influence of the cyclones. Additionally, the detected long tracks have been objectively classified into five main routes directed generally eastward, northeastward and northward, accounting for approximately 41.6%, 19.7% and 30.4% of the total long tracks, respectively. Mainly for long tracks, three cyclogenesis areas, where more than 99% of cyclones are generated, were identified, with more than 61% generated in the Atlas region. Moreover, four far cyclolysis areas were identified, where approximately 74% of these cyclones terminated, with more than 66% of them terminating in the eastern study region. Furthermore, statistical analysis indicated that Saharan cyclones are commonly generated in the spring and summer, with ~35.3% and 46.3%, respectively. However, the highest numbers occur in spring in the northern Saharan and in summer in the southern Saharan, with ~49.1% and 57.7%, respectively. Temporally, the monthly distribution indicates that most of the cyclones moving along the five main routes are generated in warm months, namely, May to August. Approximately 85% of these cyclones have a lifespan of three days, while only 1% span more than five days.