scholarly journals COMPARISON OF LOW OSMOLAR ORAL REHYDRATION SOLUTION VERSUS STANDARD ORAL REHYDRATION SOLUTION IN CHILDREN WITH ACUTE DIARRHOEA IN RELATION TO UNSCHEDULED INTRAVENOUS FLUID REQUIREMENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 1099-1102
Author(s):  
Sidra Tahir ◽  
Rabia Iqbal ◽  
Rabia Najam ◽  
Muneeba Kamran ◽  
Najwa Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Oral Rehydration Solution ◽  
Acute Diarrhoea ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Oral Rehydration ◽  
Fluid Requirement ◽  
Group A ◽  
Rehydration Solution ◽  
Group B

Objective: To determine requirement of unscheduled I/V fluid in children treated with low osmolar oral rehydration solution as compare to standard oral rehydration solution. Study Design: Case control study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Paediatrics, Lahore General Hospital, Lahore, from Sep 2018 to Feb 2019. Methodology: Sample size of 400 patients was calculated using WHO calculator. Patients were recruited through non probability consecutive sampling. Patients were randomly divided into two groups. For each patient detailed history was taken including demographic information. Group A patients (controls) receive standard oral rehydration solution and Group B patients will receive low osmolar oral rehydration solution (Cases). Each group was followed for 6 hours after the treatment. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 24. Chi-square test applied and p-value ≤0.05 found significant. Results: A total of 400 cases were enrolled in the study. There were 220 (55%) male and 180 (45%) female in our study. Mean weight of patients was 9.46 Kg ± 5.9 SD. In group A, 8 patients showed unscheduled fluid requirement while 192 did not showed unscheduled fluid requirement. In group B, 32 patients showed unscheduled fluid requirement while 168 did not showed unscheduled fluid requirement (p=0.000). Conclusions: Incidence of or need of, unscheduled I/V fluid in children treated with low osmolar oral rehydration solution is less as compare to standard oral rehydration solution for management of acute diarrhea with some dehydration. And hence low osmolar oral rehydration solution shows better acceptance in management of acute diarrhea.

To Determine Outcome of Probiotics in Treatment of Acute Diarrhea in Children

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 1829-1831
Author(s):  
Noshairwan Ali Khan ◽  
Syed Sajid Munir
Keyword(s):  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Oral Rehydration Solution ◽  
Saccharomyces Boulardii ◽  
Stool Frequency ◽  
Trial Methodology ◽  
Oral Rehydration ◽  
Group A ◽  
Rehydration Solution ◽  
Randomized Control ◽  
Group B

Aim: To determine outcome of probiotics in treatment of acute diarrhea in children aged 6 months to 5 years as compared to control Setting: Department of Pediatrics, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar Duration: From 23 May, 2019 to 23 Nov, 2019 Study design: Randomized Control Trial Methodology: 200 children were divided in two equal groups. Group A were given Probiotics (Saccharomyces boulardii) in a dose of 250-500 mg daily in two divided doses for 5 days, in addition to oral rehydration solution 50-100ml and 100-200ml after each loose stool in child aged <2 years and >5 years respectively. Group B were given only oral rehydration solution in same amount as prescribed to Group A. All the children were followed up at day 4. Outcome was assessed in terms of duration of diarrhea and improvement in number of stools per day at the 5th day of presentation. Results: In Group A, 92(92%) patients showed improvement while in Group B, 71(71%) patients showed improvement. Conclusion: Probiotics are found to be significantly more effective in reducing the stool frequency in ac. diarrhea. Keywords: Acute diarrhea, Probiotic, Saccharomyces boulardii (SB)

Clinical Trial of Glucose-Oral Rehydration Solution (ORS), Rice Dextrin-ORS, and Rice Flour-ORS for the Management of Children With Acute Diarrhea and Mild or Moderate Dehydration

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-197
Author(s):  
Susana Molina ◽  
Carolina Vettorazzi ◽  
Janet M. Peerson ◽  
Noel W. Solomons ◽  
Kenneth H. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Oral Rehydration Solution ◽  
Rice Flour ◽  
Watery Diarrhea ◽  
Hydration Status ◽  
Oral Rehydration ◽  
Acute Watery Diarrhea ◽  
Rehydration Solution

Objective. To assess the effects of glucose (G)-oral rehydration solution (ORS), rice dextrin (RD)-ORS, and rice flour (RF)-ORS on fluid intake, rapidity of rehydration, and stool output of children with acute diarrhea and mild or moderate dehydration. Methods. The study was a randomized, double-masked clinical trial. One hundred forty-six male infants, ages 3 to 36 months, were randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups. Clinical evaluations and fluid balances were conducted every 2 to 4 hours for 48 hours. Principal outcome variables were ORS consumption, recovery of hydration status, and fecal output. Results. The groups were similar at admission with regard to age, nutritional status, history of the current episode, and clinical status. There were no differences in ORS consumption by treatment group during any period of study. During the first 6-hour period, patients in group RF had less stool output (16 ± 14 g/kg/body weight) than those in group G (22 ± 20 g/kg) or RD (21 ± 19 g/kg; P &lt; .05). After 12 hours of hospitalization, there were no differences by treatment group. Recovery of hydration status, changes in serum sodium and potassium, and duration of diarrhea in the hospital were similar in all three groups. Conclusion. There was a 24% to 27% reduction in stool output during the first 6 hours of treatment among children who received RF-ORS compared with those who received G-ORS or RD-ORS, but this effect did not persist after the first 12 hours of therapy. Because this difference was of small magnitude and limited duration, it has minor clinical importance. Thus, we conclude that the three solutions had similar efficacy for children with acute, watery diarrhea and mild or moderate dehydration.

scholarly journals Comparison of efficacy of internal sphincterotomy versus topical 0.2 % glyceryl trinitrate ointment after hemorrhoidectomy.

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
pp. 2541-2547
Author(s):  
Muhammad Arif ◽  
Sabih Nofal ◽  
Ahsan Khan ◽  
Mariam Tariq Awana ◽  
Anum Arif
Keyword(s):  
Glyceryl Trinitrate ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Male Predominance ◽  
Internal Sphincterotomy ◽  
Open Hemorrhoidectomy ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Glyceryl Trinitrate Ointment

Objectives: To compare the efficacy of 0.2% glyceryl trinitrate ointment versus internal sphincterotomy after hemorrhoidectomy. Study Design: Randomized Controlled Trial. Setting: Department of Surgery Unit III, at Lahore General Hospital, Lahore. Period: 6 months (August 2017 to February 2018). Material & Methods: The OPD of the Department of Surgery included 124 patients who satisfied the inclusion criteria. There were two groups of patients, Group A and Group B. Group-A was told to use gloved finger three times daily for 0.2 percent GTN ointment topically. For Group B, lateral internal sphincterotomy was performed as day care procedure. On visit, patients were assessed for pain relief by using VAS. All data was collected using a pre-designed (attached) proforma. In SPSS v23.0 the data were input and analyzed. It was stratified for age, sex, disease duration and hemorrhoid stage. The effectiveness of both groups was compared by using a p-value of 0.05 as significant for a chi-square test. Results: Male predominance; in group-A, 41(66.1%) patients were male and 21(33.9%) were female, while in group-B, 52(83.9%) patients were male and 10(16.1%) were females. Efficacy was found in 11(17.7%) patients in group-A (0.2% GTN) while in 25(40.3%) patients in group-B (Internal sphincterotomy) with p-value of 0.006 which is statistically significant. Conclusion: Open hemorrhoidectomy internal sphincterotomy is an effective method to reduce pain after hemorrhoidectomy in contrast to Glyceryl Trinitrate (GTN) topical cream of 0.2 percent.

Combination Therapy Of Tadalafil And Pentoxifylline In Severe Erectile Dysfunction; A Prospective Randomized Trial

2015 ◽  
Vol 87 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Santosh Kumar ◽  
Rajesh Roat ◽  
Swati Agrawal ◽  
Kumar Jayant ◽  
Ravimohan S. Mavuduru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Erectile Dysfunction ◽  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Erectile Function ◽  
T Test ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Abstractwas to assess efficacy of Tadalafil alone versus Tadalafil plus Pentoxifylline in the treatment of erectile dysfunction by using self administered IIEF-5 questionnaire.Two hundred and thirty seven patients presenting with ED at andrology OPD were evaluated for ED by a self administered IIEF (International Index of Erectile Function) questionnaire. Patients were systematically randomized by computer generated random table into two groups groups namely, group A: Tadalafil only group, group B: combination of Tadalafil + Pentoxifyl-line. All the patients were re-assessed by IIEF-5 questionnaire after 8 weeks of medical therapy. Statistical analysis was performed using student’s unpaired t-test, paired t-test, chi square test. p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Two hundred and thirty seven patients were included in the present study, in group A: 92 patients (78.6%) showed improvement in their IIEF score after 8 weeks of tadalafil treatment. While in group B, overall 104 patients(86.6%) showed improvement after combination of Tadalafil and Pentoxifylline. There was a statistically significant difference of percentage change in IIEF score was seen in group B (group A 90.7±15.2%, group B 95.6±13.4%; p value – 0.014). We found this difference even more statistically significant in patients with severe ED (group A 72.7±47.2%, group B 132.3±54.3%; p value – 0.000). There was no significant difference in between the two groups with regards to occur-rence of side effects.Both tadalafil and combination of Tadalafil + Pentoxifylline improve erectile function in patients of ED. Patients with severe ED showed much significant improvement in erectile function with combination therapy.

scholarly journals Efficacy of an Oral Rehydration Solution Enriched with Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 and Zinc in the Management of Acute Diarrhoea in Infants: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Maragkoudaki ◽  
George Chouliaras ◽  
Antonia Moutafi ◽  
Athanasios Thomas ◽  
Archodoula Orfanakou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Lactobacillus Reuteri ◽  
Oral Rehydration Solution ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Acute Diarrhoea ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Oral Rehydration ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Rehydration Solution

The efficacy of oral rehydration solution (ORS) enriched with Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 and zinc in infants with acute gastroenteritis, is poorly defined. The aim of this double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study, was to assess the efficacy of an ORS enriched with Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 and zinc (ORS+Lr&Z) in well-nourished, non-hospitalized infants with acute diarrhoea. Fifty one infants with acute diarrhoea were randomly assigned to receive either ORS+Lr&Z (28 infants, mean ± SD age 1.7 ± 0.7 years, 21 males), or standard ORS (ORS−Lr&Z; 23 infants, mean ± SD age 1.8 ± 0.7 years, 16 males). Stools volume and consistency were recorded pre- and posttreatment using the Amsterdam Infant Stool Scale and were compared between the two groups, as well as lost work/day care days, drug administration and need for hospitalization. Both groups showed reduction in the severity of diarrhoea on day two (p < 0.001) while, all outcomes showed a trend to be better in the ORS+Lr&Z group, without reaching statistical significance, probably due to the relatively small number of patients. No adverse effects were recorded. In conclusion, both ORS were effective in managing acute diarrhoea in well-nourished, non-hospitalized infants. ORS enriched with L. reuteri DSM 17938 and zinc was well tolerated with no adverse effects.

scholarly journals Hydrolysed wheat based oral rehydration solution for acute diarrhoea.

1987 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 440-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
A N Alam ◽  
S A Sarker ◽  
A M Molla ◽  
M M Rahaman ◽  
W B Greenough
Keyword(s):  
Oral Rehydration Solution ◽  
Acute Diarrhoea ◽  
Oral Rehydration ◽  
Rehydration Solution

Effect of a synbiotic on infantile acute gastroenteritis

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Gundogdu
Keyword(s):  
Acute Gastroenteritis ◽  
Oral Rehydration Solution ◽  
Acute Diarrhoea ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Bifidobacterium Lactis ◽  
Oral Rehydration ◽  
Rehydration Solution ◽  
Active Bacteria ◽  
Chicory Inulin

Acute gastroenteritis is still a common disease worldwide. Synbiotics are being used to alleviate the effects of acute gastroenteritis-related diarrhoea. The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of a synbiotic in reducing the duration of diarrhoea in children with acute gastroenteritis. The study has been carried out on data gathered from children with acute gastroenteritis between the age of three months and 14 years seen in paediatric polyclinics between August 2009 and April 2010. While synbiotic group patients got a sachet containing Bifidobacterium lactis 2211 with a minimum of 5×106 cfu active bacteria and 900 mg chicory inulin twice daily for five days together with an oral rehydration solution, the control group only received an oral rehydration solution. Therapy with synbiotic plus an oral rehydration solution shortened the duration of acute diarrhoea in children by approximately one day compared to oral rehydration solution only.

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