Discussion & analysis: Spatial reasoning assessment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory Stone ◽  

A complete Rasch multi-faceted analysis was performed on the draft Spatial Reasoning Assessment. While the psychometric report presents the complete analysis for the examination, this discussion proceeds step-by-step to understand the way in which the analysis proceeded, and the findings therein. The findings were that holistically, the instrument performed admirably. As a pretest, it is likely that students were not expected to demonstrate certain reasoning skills (e.g., GIS) as indeed they did not. The rating scale functions well to capture the examiner judgement. Overall, the instrument works together as a functional assessment, capturing the general construct of Spatial Reasoning.

Author(s):  
L. Shuranova ◽  
J. Vacková

The Functional Independence Measure and Functional Assessment Measure (FIM + FAM) is an effective, efficient, and objective tool for tracking changes in the motor, cognitive, and psychosocial functions of patients over the entire treatment and rehabilitation period. It is estimated that in the Czech Republic (CR), stroke is the third most common cause of death and the most common cause of adult disability. To develop faster, better, and more cost‑effective stroke treatments and reduce or mitigate functional losses and restrictive situations, it is very important that patients be objectively evaluated, relative to their functional abilities, as soon as possible after a stroke. A critical part of stroke treatment is to calculate the length of in‑hospital treatment and estimate the length of the rehabilitation period after the stroke. Contemporary methods for evaluating and analyzing a patient’s condition are based on test results and evidence.The FIM offers a more sensitive rating scale compared to BI due to the presence of cognitive items and is used worldwide for assessment during the acute stage of the disease. Thus, it is an efficient instrument for setting therapy goals and evaluating the effects of rehabilitation. Not only can it assist the therapist in clinical decision making, but it also functions as a tool for evaluating rehabilitation outcomes. Based on this test, short‑term and long‑term rehabilitation plans can be determined. At the end of the rehabilitation process, assessing the patient’s functional condition helps to predict the specific long‑term rehabilitation services the patient will need as they return to society and regain their quality of life.


1994 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 743-746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert B. Williams ◽  
Michael B. Swift

This paper gives a description of how items of the Global Deterioration Scale's Brief Cognitive Rating Scale and Functional Assessment Staging can be verified by reviewing specific sections and items of the Minimum Data Set for Nursing Facility Resident Assessment and Care Screening which is completed annually and updated every three months or when significant changes in health occur. A likely outcome of such comparisons is improved understanding of the cognitive and functional status of residents with dementia and other medical conditions.


2012 ◽  
Vol 161 (6) ◽  
pp. 1160-1165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felicia B. Axelrod ◽  
Linda Rolnitzky ◽  
Gabrielle Gold von Simson ◽  
Dena Berlin ◽  
Horacio Kaufmann

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Travis Morgan Seale-Carlisle ◽  
Jesse Howard Grabman ◽  
Chad Dodson

Experimental psychologists have – for decades – espoused the unreliability of eyewitness identifications, but the advent of new statistical techniques such as confidence-accuracy characteristic analysis has revealed that eyewitness identifications are much more reliable than previously thought. When an eyewitness identifies the suspect with high confidence from an initial and properly-administered lineup, for example, that suspect is highly likely to be the person who originally committed the crime. The way confidence is collected in the laboratory – using a numeric rating scale – differs from the way confidence is collected in the real world – often by asking eyewitnesses to express their confidence in their own words. What is the best method for collecting an eyewitness’s level of confidence? To answer this question, we applied a novel machine-learning methodology to investigate the natural language of accurate and inaccurate eyewitnesses. This method revealed that verbal confidence statements provide much diagnostic information about the accuracy of identifications. Moreover, verbal confidence statements provide unique diagnostic information that is not otherwise captured by traditional indicators of identification accuracy such as numeric confidence ratings. However, the diagnostic value of a verbal confidence statement depends in part on the face recognition ability of the eyewitness: the natural language of strong face recognizers is more diagnostic than the natural language of weak face recognizers. These results are theoretically interesting, but from an applied perspective, this machine-learning methodology may prove useful to those in the criminal justice system that must evaluate eyewitnesses’ verbal confidence statements.


Revemop ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Tod Shockey ◽  
John Bear Mitchell

<p>This paper focuses on the construction of a hand drum by a Native American drum maker, and the construction of an anastomosis by a thoracic cardiovascular surgeon. Neither activity occurred with written instructions or illustrations. Each construction occurred through the ability to move mental images and procedures to their fingertips using their visuospatial reasoning (Owens, 2015). For the drum maker, learning was through mentorship, observation, and practice. Each of them, the drum maker and surgeon, developed rich spatial reasoning skills that are built on relationships. For the drum maker the relationships have to do with the geometry of the drum and it’s components just as the surgical geometry relationships exist in the operating room. For the drum maker tensions are felt with the fingertips, the same experience of the surgeon. Parallels are highlighted between these seemingly unrelated activities with a discussion of possible implications for Mathematics Education.</p><p><strong>Keywords</strong>: Ethnomathematics. Drum Making. Emic. Etic. Visuospatial Reasoning.</p><p><strong><br /></strong></p><p><strong>Raciocínio visuoespacial: uma comparação entre a construção de um tambor de mão nativo americano e a geometria cirúrgica</strong></p><p align="center"> </p><p>Este artigo centra-se na construção de um tambor de mão por um fabricante de tambor nativo americano e na construção de uma anastomose por um cirurgião cardiovascular torácico. Nenhuma das atividades ocorrerram com instruções ou ilustrações escritas. Cada construção ocorreu através da sua capacidade de mover imagens e procedimentos mentais na ponta dos dedos com a utilização do raciocínio visuoespacial (Owens, 2015). Para o fabricante do tambor, o aprendizado ocorreu por meio da orientação, da observação e da prática. Cada um deles, o fabricante do tambor e o cirurgião, desenvolveu ricas habilidades de raciocínio espacial baseadas em relacionamentos. Para o fabricante de tambor, os relacionamentos têm a ver com a geometria do tambor e os seus componentes, assim como as relações de geometria cirúrgica existem na sala de operação. Para a resistência do tambor, as tensões são sentidas com a ponta dos dedos, a mesma experiência do cirurgião. Paralelos são destacados entre essas atividades aparentemente não relacionadas com a discussão de possíveis implicações para a Educação Matemática.</p><p><strong>Palavras-chave</strong>: Etnomatemática, Construindo Tambores, Êmica, Ética, Raciocínio Visuoespacial.</p><p><strong><br /></strong></p><p><strong>Razonamiento visuoespacial: una comparación entre la construcción de un tambor de mano nativo americano y la geometría quirúrgica</strong></p><p><strong></strong>Este artículo se centra en la construcción de un tambor de mano por un fabricante de tambor nativo americano y en la construcción de una anastomosis por un cirujano cardiovascular torácico. Ninguna de las actividades ocurrió con instrucciones o ilustraciones escritas. Cada construcción ocurrió a través de su capacidad para mover imágenes y procedimientos mentales en la punta de los dedos con la utilización del raciocinio visuoespacial (Owens, 2015). Para el fabricante del tambor, el aprendizaje ocurrió por medio de la orientación, la observación y la práctica. Cada uno de ellos, el fabricante del tambor y el cirujano, desarrolló ricas habilidades de raciocinio espacial basadas en relaciones. Para el fabricante de tambor, las relaciones tienen que ver con la geometría del tambor y sus componentes, así como las relaciones de geometría quirúrgica existen en la sala de operación. Para la resistencia del tambor, las tensiones se sienten con la punta de los dedos, la misma experiencia del cirujano. Los paralelos se destacan entre estas actividades aparentemente no relacionadas con la discusión de posibles implicaciones para la Educación Matemática.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Palabra clave: </strong>Etnomatemática. Construyendo Tambores. Ética, Ética. Raciocinio Visuoespacial.</p>


2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 304-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tashana D. Howse ◽  
Mark E. Howse

These learning activities are designed to facilitate students' development of spatial reasoning skills through the use of attribute blocks.


1995 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 609-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chan Keen Loong ◽  
NG Kwan Chung Kenneth ◽  
Straughan T. Paulin

Objective: This prospective study looks at the outcome of rehabilitation on mood and physical recovery in patients with post-stroke depression. Methods: Fifty-two patients in a rehabilitation centre were assessed for depression, modified Barthel's score and Hamilton Rating Scale for depression on admission to and discharge from the rehabilitation centre. Aphasic, demented and delirious patients were excluded. Results: Fifty-five percent of the patients were assessed to have depression on admission and 98% had physical impairment. At the time of discharge, only 28.6% were depressed and two-thirds had improved in physical function. Patients with ail degrees of functional impairment showed equal improvement and there was no difference between Barthel's scores for patients whose mood improved and those who remained depressed. There were very strong associations between functional assessment and depression, functional assessment on discharge with depression on admission, and patients' mood on admission and discharge. Depressed patients did not stay longer in the rehabilitation centre than non-depressed patients. Low doses of anti-depressants did not have an impact on mood or functional improvement. Conclusion: We have found that depression might not have a clear negative impact on rehabilitation, that mood improved at the end of rehabilitation and that the degree of depression on admission was a good predictor of the outcome of final physical impairment.


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