Some problems vibration and protection of buiding and structures using blocks

The basic concept of vibration and seismic insulation of buildings and structures based on the use of rubber seismic blocks (RSB) is considered. The concept of seismic isolation of structures is very relevant. In Japan, New Zealand, France, Greece, England, the United States and a number of other countries, it has been successfully used to protect such important structures as nuclear power plants, schools, bridges, museums, administrative and residential buildings from earthquakes. In Ukraine, the concept developed in two ways: the development of seismic isolation blocks for earthquake protection of residential buildings; development of vibration isolation blocks for vibration protection of heavy equipment (weight up to 300 tons, used in Russia, Ukraine) and residential buildings. For the practical application of building seismic isolation systems by the N. S. Geotechnical Mechanics Institute. Experimental studies were carried out to substantiate the RSB parameters, their designs were patented, design documentation was developed and experimental samples of three types of rubber-metal seismic protection blocks with a diameter of 400 mm and 500 mm and a total height of the rubber layer: 2 120 120 mm, 2х70 mm and 2х50 mm were made. The results of the calculation of a rubber-metal seismic support used as an element of vibration-seismic protection of multi-storey residential buildings are presented. The calculation results obtained by approximate analytical methods are compared with experimental data for samples of seismic supports. The design of a pile with vibration-insulating rubber supports is considered. The developed and tested RSB structures were used for vibration protection against metro trains and vehicles of residential buildings in Kiev: a 10-section 10-storey residential building on Kikvidze Street, three 27-storey buildings on Obolonsky Avenue and a residential complex of three houses in Lviv. Vibration and seismic isolation with the help of RSB provides the natural vibration frequency of the building in the horizontal plane of less than 1 Hz, which meets the requirements of the DBN and Eurocode 8 for the design of the building seismic isolation systems.