scholarly journals FE Analysis of Communications Systems for Drive-Thru Restaurants in a Business Dispute Over Specifications and Design Process

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Peruzzi
Keyword(s):  
Communication System ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Linear Time ◽  
Forensic Analysis ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Audio Quality ◽  
Linear Time Invariant ◽  
Linear Time Invariant Systems ◽  
Quick Service ◽  
Time Invariant

Forensic analysis in this case involves the design of a communication system intended for use in Quick Service Restaurant (QSR) drive-thru lanes. This paper provides an overview of QSR communication system components and operation and introduces communication systems and channels. This paper provides an overview of non-linear, time-varying system design as contrasted with linear, time-invariant systems and discusses best design practices. It also provides the details of how audio quality was defined and compared for two potentially competing systems. Conclusions include that one of the systems was clearly inferior to the other — mainly due to not following design techniques that were available at the time of the project.

Linear Approximations for Swing Leg Motion During Gait

1984 ◽  
Vol 106 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. Lee ◽  
J. M. Mansour
Keyword(s):  
Linear Systems ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Linear Time ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
State Variables ◽  
Linear Time Invariant ◽  
Linear Time Invariant Systems ◽  
Leg Motion ◽  
Time Invariant

The applicability of a linear systems analysis of two-dimensional swing leg motion was investigated. Two different linear systems were developed. A linear time-varying system was developed by linearizing the nonlinear equations describing swing leg motion about a set of nominal system and control trajectories. Linear time invariant systems were developed by linearizing about three different fixed limb positions. Simulations of swing leg motion were performed with each of these linear systems. These simulations were compared to previously performed nonlinear simulations of two-dimensional swing leg motion and the actual subject motion. Additionally, a linear system analysis was used to gain some insight into the interdependency of the state variables and controls. It was shown that the linear time varying approximation yielded an accurate representation of limb motion for the thigh and shank but with diminished accuracy for the foot. In contrast, all the linear time invariant systems, if used to simulate more than a quarter of the swing phase, yielded generally inaccurate results for thigh shank and foot motion.

Continuous-Time Stochastic Processes

2021 ◽  
pp. 874-924
Author(s):  
Stevan Berber
Keyword(s):  
Stochastic Processes ◽  
Continuous Time ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Linear Time ◽  
Gaussian White Noise ◽  
Linear Time Invariant ◽  
Ergodic Processes ◽  
Power Spectral ◽  
Linear Time Invariant Systems ◽  
Time Invariant

Chapter 19 contains the theory of continuous-time stochastic processes, including their mathematical presentation in the time and frequency domains. The typical processes, including Gaussian, white noise, binary, and harmonic processes, are presented. A comprehensive analysis of stationary and ergodic processes and linear-time-invariant systems with stochastic inputs is presented. The processes are analysed in terms of their autocorrelation functions and power spectral densities, which are related via the Wiener–Khintchine theorem. This chapter is important for understanding the theory of digital communication systems. The notation used in this chapter complies with the notation used in other chapters of the book, which makes the book self-sufficient. For readers who are not familiar with continuous-time stochastic processes, it is highly advisable to read this chapter and become familiar with its notation, due to its importance for understanding the content of Chapters 3 to 9.

Deterministic Discrete-Time Signals and Systems

2021 ◽  
pp. 690-713
Author(s):  
Stevan Berber
Keyword(s):  
Discrete Time ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Linear Time ◽  
Linear Time Invariant ◽  
Discrete Signals ◽  
Time Signals ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Linear Time Invariant Systems ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Time Invariant

Due to the importance of the concept of independent discrete variable modification and the definition of discrete linear-time-invariant systems, Chapter 14 presents and discusses basic deterministic discrete-time signals and systems. These discrete signals, which are expressed in the form of functions, including the Kronecker delta function and the discrete rectangular pulse, are used throughout the book for deterministic discrete signal analysis. The chapter also presents the definition of the autocorrelation function and the explanation of the convolution procedure in linear-time-invariant systems for discrete-time signals in detail, due to the importance of these in the analysis and synthesis of discrete communication systems.

Active Control of Linear Time-Varying Structures by Confinement of Vibrations

2005 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Choura ◽  
A. S. Yigit
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategy ◽  
Linear Time ◽  
Steady States ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Linear Time Invariant ◽  
Slowing Down ◽  
Rapid Removal ◽  
Linear Time Invariant Systems ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Time Invariant

We propose a control strategy for the simultaneous suppression and confinement of vibrations in linear time-varying structures. The proposed controller has time-varying gains and can also be used for linear time-invariant systems. The key idea is to alter the original modes by appropriate feedback forces to allow parts of the structure reach their steady states at faster rates. It is demonstrated that the convergence of these parts to zero is improved at the expense of slowing down the settling of the remaining parts to their steady states. The proposed control strategy can be applied for the rapid removal of vibration energy in sensitive parts of a flexible structure for safety or performance reasons. The stability of the closed-loop system is proven through a Lyapunov approach. An illustrative example of a five-link manipulator with a periodic follower force is given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method for time-varying as well as time-invariant systems.

scholarly journals Consensus of Noisy Multiagent Systems with Markovian Switching Topologies and Time-Varying Delays

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yilun Shang
Keyword(s):  
Multiagent Systems ◽  
Linear Time ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Linear Time Invariant ◽  
Graph Properties ◽  
Linear Time Invariant Systems ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient ◽  
Time Invariant

Stochastic multiagent systems have attracted much attention during the past few decades. This paper concerns the continuous-time consensus of a network of agents under directed switching communication topologies governed by a time-homogeneous Markovian process. The agent dynamics are described by linear time-invariant systems, with random noises as well as time-varying delays. Two types of network-induced delays are considered, namely, delays affecting only the output of the agents’ neighbors and delays affecting both the agents’ own output and the output of their neighbors. We present necessary and sufficient consensus conditions for these two classes of multiagent systems, respectively. The design method of consensus gains allows for decoupling the design problem from the graph properties. Numerical simulations are implemented to test the effectiveness of our obtained results as well as the tightness of necessary/sufficient conditions.

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