All-Arthroscopic Versus Mini-Open Rotator Cuff Repair: Isokinetic Muscle Strength, Shoulder Joint Position Sense and Functional Outcomes

Abstract Background The Glenohumeral internal-rotation deficit (GIRD) is related to the altered eccentric external-rotator (ER), the concentric internal-rotator (IR), muscle strength, and the ER: IR ratio. GIRD has been documented as a risk factor for shoulder injuries. However, few studies have investigated the effect of an exercise training on these parameters in athletes with GIRD. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of an 8-week throwing exercise with a TheraBand for retraining the rotator cuff on Electromyography (EMG) activity of selected muscles, rotator cuff muscle strength, the glenohumeral (GH) joint IR range of motion (ROM) and GH joint position sense in asymptomatic male volleyball players with GIRD. Methods Sixty male volleyball players with GIRD were randomized into either a training group or a control group. The experimental group underwent an 8-week throwing exercise with a TheraBand including 5 sessions of stretching and 3 sessions of strengthening exercises per week. The control group received an active self-exercise program. EMG (onset time and muscle activation), shoulder range of motion (ROMs), strength and GH joint position sense were all assessed pre and post trainings. Results There were statistically significant within-group differences in the EMG activity of the anterior deltoid (p = 0.005), middle deltoid (p = 0.007), posterior deltoid (p = 0.004), infraspinatus (p = 0.001) and supraspinatus (p = 0.001) muscles, IR ROM (p = 0.001), rotator cuff muscle strength ratio (p = 0.001), and GH joint position sense (p = 0.033) in the experimental group. A 2 × 2 analysis of variance with a mixed model design and independent and paired t-tests were used for statistical analysis. Conclusions Throwing exercise with a TheraBand improved shoulder muscle activation, IR ROM, rotator cuff muscle strength ratio and GH joint position sense in participants with GIRD. These findings may improve the treatment of GIRD in a clinical setting. Although the results are significant, further studies should follow up the long-term effects of the Throwing exercise with a TheraBand on GIRD. Trial registration Current Controlled Trials using the UMIN-RCT website with ID number of, UMIN000038416 “Retrospectively registered” at 2019/10/29.

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Comparison of Shoulder Joint Isometric Muscle Strength and Joint Position Sense of Trigger Arm and Opposite Arm in Air Pistol Shooting Athletes

Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Sports Sciences ◽

10.5336/sportsci.2018-62501 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 116-122

Author(s):

Tuğba KOCAHAN ◽

Bihter AKINOĞLU ◽

Ezgi ÜNÜVAR ◽

Adnan HASANOĞLU

Keyword(s):

Muscle Strength ◽

Shoulder Joint ◽

Position Sense ◽

Joint Position Sense ◽

Joint Position ◽

Isometric Muscle

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Exercises focusing on rotator cuff and scapular muscles do not improve shoulder joint position sense in healthy subjects

Human Movement Science ◽

10.1016/j.humov.2016.06.016 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 49 ◽

pp. 248-257 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Yin-Liang Lin ◽

Andrew Karduna

Keyword(s):

Rotator Cuff ◽

Shoulder Joint ◽

Healthy Subjects ◽

Position Sense ◽

Joint Position Sense ◽

Joint Position

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Shoulder Joint Position Sense in Thoracic Outlet Syndrome

Muscles Ligaments and Tendons Journal ◽

10.32098/mltj.01.2021.18 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (01) ◽

pp. 178

Author(s):

C. Sayaca ◽

F. Eyuboglu ◽

M. Çalık ◽

H. Guney-Deniz ◽

T. Fırat ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Shoulder Joint ◽

Thoracic Outlet Syndrome ◽

Position Sense ◽

Joint Position Sense ◽

Joint Position

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Effects of Tai Chi versus Proprioception Exercise Program on Neuromuscular Function of the Ankle in Elderly People: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2012/265486 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Jing Liu ◽

Xue-Qiang Wang ◽

Jie-Jiao Zheng ◽

Yu-Jian Pan ◽

Ying-Hui Hua ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Muscle Strength ◽

Elderly People ◽

Outcome Measures ◽

Tai Chi ◽

Exercise Program ◽

Neuromuscular Function ◽

Position Sense ◽

Joint Position Sense ◽

Elderly Subjects ◽

Joint Position

Background. Tai Chi is a traditional Chinese medicine exercise used for improving neuromuscular function. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Tai Chi versus proprioception exercise program on neuromuscular function of the ankle in elderly people.Methods. Sixty elderly subjects were randomly allocated into three groups of 20 subjects per group. For 16 consecutive weeks, subjects participated in Tai Chi, proprioception exercise, or no structured exercise. Primary outcome measures included joint position sense and muscle strength of ankle. Subjects completed a satisfaction questionnaire upon study completion in Tai Chi and proprioception groups.Results. (1) Both Tai Chi group and proprioception exercise group were significantly better than control group in joint position sense of ankle, and there were no significant differences in joint position sense of ankle between TC group and PE group. (2) There were no significant differences in muscle strength of ankle among groups. (3) Subjects expressed more satisfaction with Tai Chi than with proprioception exercise program.Conclusions. None of the outcome measures on neuromuscular function at the ankle showed significant change posttraining in the two structured exercise groups. However, the subjects expressed more interest in and satisfaction with Tai Chi than proprioception exercise.

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Effect of Force Sense to Active Joint Position Sense and Relationships between Active Joint Position Sense, Force Sense, Jumping and Muscle Strength

Journal of Motor Behavior ◽

10.1080/00222895.2019.1627280 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 52 (3) ◽

pp. 342-351 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Haydar Kaynak ◽

Muammer Altun ◽

Serdar Tok

Keyword(s):

Muscle Strength ◽

Position Sense ◽

Joint Position Sense ◽

Joint Position ◽

Active Joint ◽

Force Sense

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The Efficacy of Modern Technology to Improve Healthy and Injured Shoulder Joint Position Sense

Journal of Sport Rehabilitation ◽

10.1123/jsr.8.1.10 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 10-23 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Semyon M. Slobounov ◽

Shannon T. Poole ◽

Robert F. Simon ◽

Elena S. Slobounov ◽

Jill A. Bush ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Shoulder Joint ◽

Healthy Subjects ◽

Position Sense ◽

Joint Position Sense ◽

Modern Technology ◽

Shoulder Abduction ◽

Joint Position ◽

Reproduction Task ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Visualization Techniques

Assessment and enhancement of joint position sense is an inexact science at best. Anew method of evaluating and improving this sense using motion-tracking technology that incorporates computer visualization graphics was examined. Injured and healthy subjects were evaluated for their abilities to determine shoulder joint position, after abduction, in two tasks. The first was active reproduction of a passively placed angle. The second was visual reproduction of such an angle. A training protocol was added to determine the effectiveness of proprioceptive training in conjunction with 3-D visualization techniques. The primary findings were (a) a significant difference (p= .05) in the level of joint position sense in injured vs. healthy subjects; (b) significantly less accurate reproduction of larger shoulder abduction vs. the smaller movement in the active reproduction task; (c) significantly greater ability to accurately reproduce angles actively vs. visually; and (d) that proprioception training using 3-D visualization techniques significantly increased activeandvisual reproductions of passively placed angles.

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Shoulder Joint Position Sense in Injured and Noninjured Judo Athletes

International Journal of Athletic Therapy & Training ◽

10.1123/ijatt.18.2.29 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 29-33 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Carly May Green ◽

Paul Comfort ◽

Lee Herrington

Keyword(s):

Outcome Measures ◽

Shoulder Joint ◽

External Rotation ◽

Position Sense ◽

Joint Position Sense ◽

Average Error ◽

Joint Position ◽

Joint Stability ◽

Shoulder Injury ◽

Judo Athletes

Context:A reduction in joint position sense (JPS) is sometimes a consequence of shoulder injury that may adversely affect the ability to maintain dynamic joint stability.Objective:To compare shoulder JPS between previously injured and noninjured judokas.Design:Cohort study.Participants:Twenty-nine noninjured subjects (10.93 ± 3.45 years) and eleven injured subjects (15.09 ± 3.39 years).Main Outcome Measures:JPS was tested at 45° and 80°of shoulder external rotation at 90° of abduction.Results:No signifcant difference in JPS was found between previously injured and noninjured judokas at either joint position.Conclusion:Despite evidence that JPS acuity decreases following shoulder injury, this study did not demonstrate a difference in average error between previously injured and noninjured judokas. Uncontrolled confounding factors, such as age and time since injury, may have affected the results. Sport-specifc shoulder joint loading patterns may also be an important factor that affects JPS.

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