scholarly journals FIRE BEHAVIOR MONITORING OF A PRESCRIBED BURN IN A PINE-OAK FOREST STAND

2010 ◽  
Vol XVI (1) ◽  
pp. 49-59
Author(s):  
J. G. Flores Garnica ◽  
◽  
J. Xelhuantzi Carmona ◽  
Á. A. Chávez Durán ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fire Behavior ◽  
Forest Stand ◽  
Oak Forest ◽  
Prescribed Burn ◽  
Behavior Monitoring

Mobile X-Pol Radar: A New Tool for Investigating Pyroconvection and Associated Wildfire Meteorology

2018 ◽  
Vol 99 (6) ◽  
pp. 1177-1195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas McCarthy ◽  
Hamish McGowan ◽  
Adrien Guyot ◽  
Andrew Dowdy
Keyword(s):  
Multispectral Imaging ◽  
Doppler Radar ◽  
Fire Behavior ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Fire Intensity ◽  
Prescribed Burn ◽  
X Band ◽  
Turbulent Characteristics ◽  
Convective Plume ◽  
Dual Polarized

AbstractThe process of pyroconvection occurs when fire-released heat, moisture, and/or aerosols induce or augment convection in the atmosphere. Prediction of pyroconvection presents a set of complex problems for meteorologists and wildfire managers. In particular, the turbulent characteristics of a pyroconvective plume exert bidirectional feedback on fire behavior, often with resulting severe impacts on life and property. Here, we present the motivation, field strategy, and initial results from the Bushfire Convective Plume Experiment, which through the use of mobile radar aims to quantify the kinematics of pyroconvection and its role in fire behavior. The case studies presented include world-first observations from two wildfires and one prescribed burn using the University of Queensland’s portable, dual-polarized X-band Doppler radar (UQ-XPOL). The initial analyses of reflectivity, Doppler winds, polarimetric variables, and spectrum width data provide insights into these relatively unexplored datasets within the context of pyroconvection. Weather radar data are supported by mesonet observations, time-lapse photography, airborne multispectral imaging, and spot-fire mapping. The ability to combine ground-validated fire intensity and progression at an hourly scale with quantitative data documenting the evolution of the convective plume kinematics at the scale of hundreds of meters represents a new capability for advancing our understanding of wildfires. The results demonstrate the suitability of portable, dual-polarized X-band Doppler radar to investigate pyroconvection and associated plume dynamics.

scholarly journals Spatiotemporal pattern of wild boar rooting in a Central European dry oak forest

2019 ◽  
Vol 139 (3) ◽  
pp. 407-418
Author(s):  
D. Sütő ◽  
J. Farkas ◽  
S. Siffer ◽  
G. Schally ◽  
K. Katona
Keyword(s):  
Wild Boar ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Forest Stand ◽  
Spatiotemporal Pattern ◽  
Oak Forests ◽  
Oak Forest ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
Central European ◽  
The Third ◽  
Wild Boar Rooting

AbstractWild boar (Sus scrofa) density has significantly increased worldwide. In Europe, oak acorns are basic diet items for the species. However, regeneration of temperate oak forests has become excessively low. Thus, better understanding of the patterns and dynamics of wild boar rooting and the spatiotemporal relationship between the acorn density and the rooting has special importance. In our study, the acorn density, the presence and intensity of the rooting were measured monthly in a 28-ha oak forest stand between 2016 October and 2019 April. Study site was divided to 400 m2 grid cells to investigate the spatiotemporal patterns of the rooting. Comparing the acorn densities, we stated that in the first 2 years, but not in the third one, the oaks were masting. During the acorn-rich periods (October–April), significant inter-annual differences were found in the proportions of the disturbed area between the non-mast and the other two mast years. Throughout our observations, 9.12% of the cells stayed undisturbed. On average, in 12.59% of the cells new rooted patches appeared, and 15.6% of them was repeatedly disturbed. Rooting were mainly litter disturbances in 71.75% of cases. Throughout acorn fall periods (September–November), the most intensively rooted sites were the poorest in acorns, while the unrooted sites were the richest. Our results demonstrate that wild boars have a great effect on acorn density and on the whole forest by rooting almost the entire ground surface at least once, but also the masting of the oaks has a crucial role in their rooting dynamics.

Response of soil seed bank to a prescribed burning in a subtropical pine–oak forest

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 946 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susana Zuloaga-Aguilar ◽  
Alma Orozco-Segovia ◽  
Oscar Briones ◽  
Enrique Jardel Pelaez
Keyword(s):  
Seed Bank ◽  
Prescribed Burning ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Soil Seed Bank ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Oak Forest ◽  
Prescribed Burn ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Understorey Vegetation ◽  
Physiological Dormancy

Prescribed burning is a management instrument applied to reduce the risk of fire and favour revegetation. Our objective was to generate information about the dynamics of post-fire regeneration via the soil seed bank (SSB), for fire management in subtropical forests. Samples taken at soil depths of 0–3cm, 3–6 cm and 6–10 cm before and 5 h after a prescribed burn showed that the fire immediately increased the number of germinable seeds and species in a Mexican pine–oak forest. Most of the germinable seeds were from species in genera with small seeds exhibiting physical or physiological dormancy, and that are tolerant or require fire for germination. Fire increased the number of germinable seeds during the wet season and the number of species was greater in the area control at 0–6-cm soil depth after 1 year; so that the fire modified the SSB seasonal pattern. Species diversity was not altered and was dominated by perennial herbaceous and shrub species both before and 2 years after the fire. Although fire completely eliminated the aboveground biomass of the understorey vegetation, the SSB can promote regeneration and persistence of understorey vegetation following a prescribed surface fire of low severity for the ecosystem studied.

scholarly journals Long-Term Effects of Fuel Reduction Treatments on Surface Fuel Loading in the Blue Mountains of Oregon

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1306
Author(s):  
Kat E. Morici ◽  
John D. Bailey
Keyword(s):  
Fire Behavior ◽  
Fuel Load ◽  
Fire Season ◽  
Fuel Reduction ◽  
Prescribed Burn ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Fuel Loading ◽  
Fuel Treatments ◽  
Blue Mountains ◽  
Pre Treatment

Fire exclusion and a lengthening fire season has resulted in an era of megafires. Fuel reduction treatments in forested ecosystems are designed to guard against future extreme wildfire behavior. Treatments create a heterogenous landscape and facilitate ecosystem function and resilience in fire-adapted forests of the western United States. Despite widespread recognition that repeated fuel treatments are needed to maintain desired stand characteristics over time, few field studies have evaluated treatment longevity. The Blue Mountains Fire and Fire Surrogate site in northeastern Oregon presented an opportunity to investigate woody fuel loading 15–17 years after four treatments: mechanical thin, prescribed burn, both thin and burn, and no treatment control. The principal findings were: (1) fine fuel load 15 years post-burn remained slightly below pre-treatment values; (2) rotten coarse fuel load was reduced post-burn, but sound coarse fuel was not altered by any active treatment; and (3) total woody fuel load 15–17 years post-treatment was similar to pre-treatment values. Understanding surface fuel loading is essential for predicting fire behavior. Overall, the effects of fuel reduction treatments on woody surface fuels were transitory in dry mixed conifer forests. Frequent maintenance treatments are recommended to protect values at risk in areas with high fire hazards. Quantifying the persistence of changes in forest conditions aids in the planning and analysis of future fuel treatments, along with scheduling maintenance of existing treated areas.

scholarly journals The role of the geologic substrate on Tillandsia recurvata infestation and the development of forest decaying on a semiarid oak forest

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulises Rodríguez-Robles ◽  
J. Tulio Arredondo
Keyword(s):  
Soil Depth ◽  
Fractured Rock ◽  
Rock Fracture ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Forest Stand ◽  
Oak Forest ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Oak Trees ◽  
Effects Of Drought ◽  
Geological Substrate

The Geodiversity involves substrate characteristics such as degree of fractured rock, fracture depth, soil depth, parental rock, soil texture, etc., that affect the hidrology of substrates and subsequently the availability of water for plants. Here we examined the importance of the geological substrate, as a factor that triggers the incidence of forest decline. We demonstrated that characteristics of the geological substrate related to the limitation of water availability enhances Tillandsia recurvata (Tire) infestation and eventually causes loss of vigor in oak trees. Using electrical resistivity tomography (geophysical methods) and stable isotope techniques (δ18O / δ16O), we showed that substrates dominated by regolith and rocks imposed greater conditions of drought to an oak forest stand than a substrate with a more granulated material. Trees in this forest stand presented greater densities of Tire, a plant considered as epiphyte. However, under the observed conditions of high infestation, Tire apparently exhibited a change from epiphytic to parasitic plant as it acquired water from oak. This study identified that the structural composition of the substrate (i.e. geodiversity) is a factor accelerating the processes of decay and likely forest mortality related to the effects of drought and the infestation by pests and diseases.

scholarly journals Temporal change and determinants of maternal reproductive success in an expanding oak forest stand

2016 ◽  
Vol 105 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Gerzabek ◽  
Sylvie Oddou-Muratorio ◽  
Arndt Hampe
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Temporal Change ◽  
Forest Stand ◽  
Oak Forest

Elements of water balance in an oak forest stand on clay soil

2006 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-198
Author(s):  
Andrea Hagyó ◽  
Zoltán Nagy ◽  
Péter László
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Forest Stand ◽  
Oak Forest

scholarly journals Light Conditions, Soil Moisture, and Vegetation Cover in Artificial Forest Gaps in Western Hungary

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamás Kollár
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Forest Stand ◽  
Oak Forest ◽  
Light Conditions ◽  
Hemispherical Photography ◽  
Closed Canopy ◽  
Turkey Oak ◽  
Abiotic Variables ◽  
Shape And Size

AbstractOne of the greatest challenges of continuous cover forest management is to find a suitable gap size in a given forest stand that will help the regeneration of economically significant tree species, and possibly control competitor species. This paper summarizes the results of a two-year intensive mapping of various bearing artificial gaps at two sites in western Hungary: a sessile-oak-hornbeam and a Turkey oak forest. Light conditions and soil moisture were measured in the gaps as abiotic variables. Hemispherical photography and a Field Scout TDR 300 Soil Moisture Meter were used. Vegetation cover as well as quantity and height of the regeneration were measured as biotic variables. There are significant differences between the middle of a gap and the closed canopy forest stands. The maximum light intensity below the canopy shows a slight northward dislocation. Correlation analysis results showed that a gap’s slight, northward irradiation surplus effected soil moisture, regeneration heights, and total vegetation cover less than a gap’s real shape and size, ergo, its openness did.

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