scholarly journals Opinion: Gigacity – a source of problems or the new way to sustainable development

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markku Kulmala ◽  
Tom V. Kokkonen ◽  
Juha Pekkanen ◽  
Sami Paatero ◽  
Tuukka Petäjä ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Grand Challenges ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Regional Air Quality

Abstract. The eastern part of China as a whole is practically a gigacity, a conglomeration of megacities with ca 650 000 000 inhabitants. The gigacity, with its emissions, processes in pollution cocktail, numerous feedbacks and interactions, has a crucial and big impact on regional air quality within itself as well as on global climate. A large-scale research and innovation program is needed to meet the interlinked grand challenges in this gigacity and to serve as a platform for finding pathways for sustainable development of the whole Globe.

scholarly journals Opinion: Gigacity – a source of problems or the new way to sustainable development

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 8313-8322
Author(s):  
Markku Kulmala ◽  
Tom V. Kokkonen ◽  
Juha Pekkanen ◽  
Sami Paatero ◽  
Tuukka Petäjä ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Grand Challenges ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Regional Air Quality

Abstract. The eastern part of China as a whole is practically a gigacity; it is a conglomeration of megacities with circa 650 million inhabitants. The gigacity, with its emissions, processes in pollution cocktail, numerous feedbacks and interactions, has a crucial and big impact on regional air quality within itself and on global climate. A large-scale research and innovation program is needed to meet the interlinked grand challenges in this gigacity and to serve as a platform for finding pathways for sustainable development of the whole globe.

scholarly journals Impacts of near-future cultivation of biofuel feedstocks on atmospheric composition and local air quality

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 24857-24881 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Ashworth ◽  
G. Folberth ◽  
C. N. Hewitt ◽  
O. Wild
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Atmospheric Composition ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Reactive Trace Gases

Abstract. Large-scale production of feedstock crops for biofuels will lead to land-use changes. We quantify the effects of realistic land use change scenarios for biofuel feedstock production on isoprene emissions and hence atmospheric composition and chemistry using the HadGEM2 model. Two feedstocks are considered: oil palm for biodiesel in the tropics and short rotation coppice (SRC) in the mid-latitudes. In total, 69 Mha of oil palm and 92 Mha of SRC are planted, each sufficient to replace just over 1 % of projected global fossil fuel demand in 2020. Both planting scenarios result in increases in total global annual isoprene emissions of about 1 %. In each case, changes in surface concentrations of ozone and biogenic secondary organic aerosol (bSOA) are significant at the regional scale and are detectable even at a global scale with implications for air quality standards. However, the changes in tropospheric burden of ozone and the OH radical, and hence effects on global climate, are negligible. The oil palm plantations and processing plants result in global average annual mean increases in ozone and bSOA of 38 pptv and 2 ng m−3 respectively. Over SE Asia, one region of planting, increases reach over 2 ppbv and 300 ng m−3 for large parts of Borneo. Planting of SRC causes global annual mean changes of 46 pptv and 3 ng m−3. Europe experiences peak monthly mean changes of almost 0.6 ppbv and 90 ng m−3 in June and July. Large areas of Central and Eastern Europe see changes of over 1.5 ppbv and 200 ng m−3 in the summer. That such significant atmospheric impacts from low level planting scenarios are discernible globally clearly demonstrates the need to include changes in emissions of reactive trace gases such as isoprene in life cycle assessments performed on potential biofuel feedstocks.

scholarly journals The Meteorology-Chemistry Interface Processor (MCIP) for the CMAQ modeling system

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1449-1486 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. L. Otte ◽  
J. E. Pleim
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Environmental Modeling ◽  
Chemical Transport Model ◽  
Meteorological Model ◽  
Vertical Coordinate ◽  
Regional Air Quality

Abstract. The Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) modeling system, a state-of-the-science regional air quality modeling system developed by the US Environmental Protection Agency, is being used for a variety of environmental modeling problems including regulatory applications, air quality forecasting, evaluation of emissions control strategies, process-level research, and interactions of global climate change and regional air quality. The Meteorology-Chemistry Interface Processor (MCIP) is a vital piece of software within the CMAQ modeling system that serves to, as best as possible, maintain dynamic consistency between the meteorological model and the chemical transport model. MCIP acts as both a post-processor to the meteorological model and a pre-processor to the CMAQ modeling system. MCIP's functions are to ingest the meteorological model output fields in their native formats, perform horizontal and vertical coordinate transformations, diagnose additional atmospheric fields, define gridding parameters, and prepare the meteorological fields in a form required by the CMAQ modeling system. This paper provides an updated overview of MCIP, documenting the scientific changes that have been made since it was first released as part of the CMAQ modeling system in 1998.

Biomass burning in Indo-China peninsula and its impacts on regional air quality and global climate change-a review

2017 ◽  
Vol 227 ◽  
pp. 414-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ishwar Chandra Yadav ◽  
Ningombam Linthoingambi Devi ◽  
Jun Li ◽  
Jabir Hussain Syed ◽  
Gan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Biomass Burning ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Regional Air Quality

scholarly journals Management of Soil Resources for Sustainable Development under a Changing Climate

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 159-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
MMR Jahangir ◽  
I Jahan ◽  
NJ Mumu
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Resource Use Efficiency ◽  
Soil Resources ◽  
Use Efficiency

Development was conventionally driven by one particular need, without fully considering the wider or future impacts. This kind of approach has now been considered to be responsible for the economic and environmental catastrophes that humans are facing: from large scale financial crises caused by irresponsible banking to the changes in global climate resulting from our dependence on fossil fuel based energy sources. Soils provide essential ecosystem services such as primary production, regulation of biogeochemical cycles (with consequences for the climate), water filtration, resistance to diseases and pests, and regulation of above-ground biodiversity. Changing of the climate systems is unequivocal. Adaptation to global climate change through improved soil quality by adoption of improved management practices is key to maintaining sustainable agricultural production. A holistic approach to soil management as the engine for increasing productivity by increasing resource use efficiency and making agriculture environmentally compatible is more important than ever before. Strategies of greenhouse gas emission reduction include those that increase the use efficiency of inputs. Herein, we discussed how management and protection of soil resources can contribute to sustainable development through sustainable agricultural production while maintaining sustenance of soil fertility. J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 11(1-2): 159-170 2018

scholarly journals The Meteorology-Chemistry Interface Processor (MCIP) for the CMAQ modeling system: updates through MCIPv3.4.1

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 243-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. L. Otte ◽  
J. E. Pleim
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Environmental Modeling ◽  
Chemical Transport Model ◽  
Meteorological Model ◽  
Vertical Coordinate ◽  
Regional Air Quality

Abstract. The Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) modeling system, a state-of-the-science regional air quality modeling system developed by the US Environmental Protection Agency, is being used for a variety of environmental modeling problems including regulatory applications, air quality forecasting, evaluation of emissions control strategies, process-level research, and interactions of global climate change and regional air quality. The Meteorology-Chemistry Interface Processor (MCIP) is a vital piece of software within the CMAQ modeling system that serves to, as best as possible, maintain dynamic consistency between the meteorological model and the chemical transport model (CTM). MCIP acts as both a post-processor to the meteorological model and a pre-processor to the emissions and the CTM in the CMAQ modeling system. MCIP's functions are to ingest the meteorological model output fields in their native formats, perform horizontal and vertical coordinate transformations, diagnose additional atmospheric fields, define gridding parameters, and prepare the meteorological fields in a form required by the CMAQ modeling system. This paper provides an updated overview of MCIP, documenting the scientific changes that have been made since it was first released as part of the CMAQ modeling system in 1998.

scholarly journals Impacts of near-future cultivation of biofuel feedstocks on atmospheric composition and local air quality

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 919-939 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Ashworth ◽  
G. Folberth ◽  
C. N. Hewitt ◽  
O. Wild
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Surface Ozone ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Atmospheric Composition ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Reactive Trace Gases

Abstract. Large-scale production of feedstock crops for biofuels will lead to land use changes. We quantify the effects of realistic land use change scenarios for biofuel feedstock production on isoprene emissions and hence atmospheric composition and chemistry using the HadGEM2 model. Two feedstocks are considered: oil palm for biodiesel in the tropics and short rotation coppice (SRC) in the mid-latitudes. In total, 69 Mha of oil palm and 9 Mha of SRC are planted, each sufficient to replace just over 1% of projected global fossil fuel demand in 2020. Both planting scenarios result in increases in total global annual isoprene emissions of about 1%. In each case, changes in surface concentrations of ozone and biogenic secondary organic aerosol (bSOA) are substantial at the regional scale, with implications for air quality standards. However, the changes in tropospheric burden of ozone and the OH radical, and hence effects on global climate, are negligible. Over SE Asia, one region of oil palm planting, increases in annual mean surface ozone and bSOA concentrations reach over 3 ppbv (+11%) and 0.4 μg m−3 (+10%) respectively for parts of Borneo, with monthly mean increases of up to 6.5 ppbv (+25%) and 0.5 μg m−3 (+12%). Under the SRC scenario, Europe experiences monthly mean changes of over 0.6 ppbv (+1%) and 0.1 μg m−3 (+5%) in June and July, with peak increases of over 2 ppbv (+3%) and 0.5 μg m−3 (+8 %). That appreciable regional atmospheric impacts result from low level planting scenarios demonstrates the need to include changes in emissions of reactive trace gases such as isoprene in life cycle assessments performed on potential biofuel feedstocks.

Sustainable Development and Climate Change

2021 ◽  
pp. 24-44
Author(s):  
Vartika Singh
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Financial Crises ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Development Approach

The concept of sustainable development can be best interpreted as an approach to development that looks to balance different, and often competing, needs against an awareness of the environmental, social, and economic limitations we face as a society. Most of the present development activities are being conceived and implemented without fully considering the wider or future impacts. A manifestation of such kind of development approach is quite evident in the form of large-scale financial crises caused by irresponsible banking, changes in the global climate resulting from our dependence on fossil fuel-based energy sources. The longer we pursue unsustainable development, the more frequent and severe its consequences are likely to become, which is why we need to take action now. This chapter explores sustainable development and climate change.

Sustainable Development and Climate Change

2022 ◽  
pp. 944-964
Author(s):  
Vartika Singh
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Financial Crises ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Development Approach

The concept of sustainable development can be best interpreted as an approach to development that looks to balance different, and often competing, needs against an awareness of the environmental, social, and economic limitations we face as a society. Most of the present development activities are being conceived and implemented without fully considering the wider or future impacts. A manifestation of such kind of development approach is quite evident in the form of large-scale financial crises caused by irresponsible banking, changes in the global climate resulting from our dependence on fossil fuel-based energy sources. The longer we pursue unsustainable development, the more frequent and severe its consequences are likely to become, which is why we need to take action now. This chapter explores sustainable development and climate change.

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