scholarly journals On the effects of hydrocarbon and sulphur-containing compounds on the CCN activation of combustion particles

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 2599-2642 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Petzold ◽  
M. Gysel ◽  
X. Vancassel ◽  
R. Hitzenberger ◽  
H. Puxbaum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Sulphuric Acid ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Combustion Particles ◽  
Volatile Organic

Abstract. The European PartEmis project (''Measurement and prediction of emissions of aerosols and gaseous precursors from gas turbine engines'') was focussed on the characterisation and quantification of exhaust emissions from a gas turbine engine. A comprehensive suite of aerosol, gas and chemi-ion measurements were conducted under different combustor operating conditions and fuel sulphur concentrations. Combustion aerosol characterisation included on-line measurements of mass and number concentration, size distribution, mixing state, thermal stability of internally mixed particles, hygroscopicity, cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) activation potential, and off-line analysis of chemical composition. Modelling of CCN activation of combustion particles was conducted using microphysical and chemical properties obtained from the measurements as input data. Based on this unique data set, the role of sulphuric acid coatings on the combustion particles, formed in the cooling exhaust plume through either direct condensation of gaseous sulphuric acid or coagulation with volatile condensation particles nucleating from gaseous sulphuric acid, and the role of the organic fraction for the CCN activation of combustion particles was investigated. It was found that particles containing a large fraction of non-volatile organic compounds grow significantly less at high relative humidity than particles with a lower content of non-volatile OC. Also the effect of the non-volatile OC fraction on the potential CCN activation is significant. While a coating of water-soluble sulphuric acid increases the potential CCN activation, or lowers the activation diameter, respectively, the non-volatile organic compounds, mainly found at lower combustion temperatures, can partially compensate this sulphuric acid-related enhancement of CCN activation of carbonaceous combustion aerosol particles.

scholarly journals On the effects of organic matter and sulphur-containing compounds on the CCN activation of combustion particles

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 3187-3203 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Petzold ◽  
M. Gysel ◽  
X. Vancassel ◽  
R. Hitzenberger ◽  
H. Puxbaum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Sulphuric Acid ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Large Fraction ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Combustion Particles ◽  
Volatile Organic

Abstract. The European PartEmis project (Measurement and prediction of emissions of aerosols and gaseous precursors from gas turbine engines) was focussed on the characterisation and quantification of exhaust emissions from a gas turbine engine. The combustion aerosol characterisation included on-line measurements of mass and number concentration, size distribution, mixing state, thermal stability of internally mixed particles, hygroscopicity, cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) activation potential, and off-line analysis of chemical composition. Based on this extensive data set, the role of sulphuric acid coating and of the organic fraction of the combustion particles for the CCN activation was investigated. Modelling of CCN activation was conducted using microphysical and chemical properties obtained from the measurements as input data. Coating the combustion particles with water-soluble sulphuric acid, increases the potential CCN activation, or lowers the activation diameter, respectively. The adaptation of a Köhler model to the experimental data yielded coatings from 0.1 to 3 vol-% of water-soluble matter, which corresponds to an increase in the fraction of CCN-activated combustion particles from ≤10−4 to ≌10−2 at a water vapour saturation ratio Sw=1.006. Additional particle coating by coagulation of combustion particles and aqueous sulphuric acid particles formed by nucleation further reduces the CCN activation diameter. In contrast, particles containing a large fraction of non-volatile organic compounds grow significantly less at high relative humidity than particles with a lower content of non-volatile OC. The resulting reduction in the potential CCN activation with an increasing fraction of non-volatile OC becomes visible as a trend in the experimental data. While a coating of water-soluble sulphuric acid increases the potential CCN activation, or lowers the activation diameter, respectively, the non-volatile organic compounds, mainly found at lower combustion temperatures, can partially compensate this sulphuric acid-related enhancement of CCN activation of carbonaceous combustion aerosol particles.

scholarly journals Aging of atmospheric aerosols and the role of iron in catalyzing brown carbon formation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hind A. A. Al-Abadleh
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Atmospheric Aerosols ◽  
Secondary Organic Aerosol ◽  
Organic Aerosol ◽  
Atmospheric Oxidation ◽  
Carbon Formation ◽  
Brown Carbon ◽  
Volatile Organic

Extensive research has been done on the processes that lead to the formation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) including atmospheric oxidation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from biogenic and anthropogenic...

Role of volatile organic compounds from gloss paint, emulsion, and thinner on the testes of wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus)

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
AdeoyeOyetunji Oyewopo ◽  
JosephBabatunde Dare ◽  
OlugbemiTope Olaniyan ◽  
AkunnaGodson Gabriel
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Volatile Organic

scholarly journals Comprehensive organic emission profiles for gasoline, diesel, and gas-turbine engines including intermediate and semi-volatile organic compound emissions

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (23) ◽  
pp. 17637-17654 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quanyang Lu ◽  
Yunliang Zhao ◽  
Allen L. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Cold Start ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Particulate Filter ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Source Profiles ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Unburned Fuel

Abstract. Emissions from mobile sources are important contributors to both primary and secondary organic aerosols (POA and SOA) in urban environments. We compiled recently published data to create comprehensive model-ready organic emission profiles for on- and off-road gasoline, gas-turbine, and diesel engines. The profiles span the entire volatility range, including volatile organic compounds (VOCs, effective saturation concentration C*=107–1011 µg m−3), intermediate-volatile organic compounds (IVOCs, C*=103–106 µg m−3), semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs, C*=1–102 µg m−3), low-volatile organic compounds (LVOCs, C*≤0.1 µg m−3) and non-volatile organic compounds (NVOCs). Although our profiles are comprehensive, this paper focuses on the IVOC and SVOC fractions to improve predictions of SOA formation. Organic emissions from all three source categories feature tri-modal volatility distributions (“by-product” mode, “fuel” mode, and “lubricant oil” mode). Despite wide variations in emission factors for total organics, the mass fractions of IVOCs and SVOCs are relatively consistent across sources using the same fuel type, for example, contributing 4.5 % (2.4 %–9.6 % as 10th to 90th percentiles) and 1.1 % (0.4 %–3.6 %) for a diverse fleet of light duty gasoline vehicles tested over the cold-start unified cycle, respectively. This consistency indicates that a limited number of profiles are needed to construct emissions inventories. We define five distinct profiles: (i) cold-start and off-road gasoline, (ii) hot-operation gasoline, (iii) gas-turbine, (iv) traditional diesel and (v) diesel-particulate-filter equipped diesel. These profiles are designed to be directly implemented into chemical transport models and inventories. We compare emissions to unburned fuel; gasoline and gas-turbine emissions are enriched in IVOCs relative to unburned fuel. The new profiles predict that IVOCs and SVOC vapour will contribute significantly to SOA production. We compare our new profiles to traditional source profiles and various scaling approaches used previously to estimate IVOC emissions. These comparisons reveal large errors in these different approaches, ranging from failure to account for IVOC emissions (traditional source profiles) to assuming source-invariant scaling ratios (most IVOC scaling approaches).

Size-discrimination of volatile organic compounds utilizing gallium diiminate by luminescent chromism of crystallization-induced emission via encapsulation-triggered crystal–crystal transition

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (24) ◽  
pp. 5564-5571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shunichiro Ito ◽  
Amane Hirose ◽  
Madoka Yamaguchi ◽  
Kazuo Tanaka ◽  
Yoshiki Chujo
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Molecular Recognition ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Structural Transition ◽  
Size Discrimination ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Crystal Transition ◽  
Crystal Structural

This manuscript describes the role of multi-functional gallium diiminate in photochemistry, crystal structural transition and molecular recognition.

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