scholarly journals Level 1 algorithms for TANSO on GOSAT: processing and on-orbit calibrations

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 2447-2467 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kuze ◽  
H. Suto ◽  
K. Shiomi ◽  
T. Urabe ◽  
M. Nakajima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Fourier Transform Spectrometer ◽  
Infrared Sensor ◽  
Global Space ◽  
Operational Level ◽  
Level 1 ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
Orbit Characteristics

Abstract. The Thermal And Near infrared Sensor for carbon Observation Fourier-Transform Spectrometer (TANSO-FTS) onboard the Greenhouse gases Observing SATellite (GOSAT) (nicknamed "Ibuki") has been providing global space-borne observations of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) since 2009. In this paper, we first describe the version V150.151 operational Level 1 algorithms that produce radiance spectra from the acquired interferograms. Second, we will describe the on-orbit characteristics and calibration of TANSO-FTS. Overall function and performance such as signal to noise ratio and spectral resolution are within design objectives. Correction methods of small on-orbit degradations and anomalies, which have been found since launch, are described. Lastly, calibration of TANSO Cloud and Aerosol Imager (TANSO-CAI) are summarized.

scholarly journals Level 1 algorithms for TANSO on GOSAT: processing and on-orbit calibrations

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 2959-3018 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kuze ◽  
H. Suto ◽  
K. Shiomi ◽  
T. Urabe ◽  
M. Nakajima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Spectral Radiance ◽  
Fourier Transform Spectrometer ◽  
Infrared Sensor ◽  
Global Space ◽  
Operational Level ◽  
Level 1 ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
Orbit Characteristics

Abstract. The Thermal And Near infrared Sensor for carbon Observation Fourier-Transform Spectrometer (TANSO-FTS) onboard the Greenhouse gases Observing SATellite (GOSAT)(nicknamed "Ibuki") has been providing global space-borne observations of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) since 2009. In this paper, first, the most recent operational Level 1 algorithms to produce the spectral radiance from the acquired interferogram are described. Second, we will describe the on-orbit characteristics and calibrations of TANSO-FTS. Overall functions and performances such as signal to noise ratio and spectral resolution are within design objectives. Correction methods of small on-orbit degradations and anomalies, which have been found since the launch are described. Lastly, calibrations of TANSO Cloud and Aerosol Imager (TANSO-CAI) are summarized. However, the Level 1B algorithms of TANSO-CAI are not mentioned, here in this paper.

scholarly journals Update on GOSAT TANSO-FTS performance, operations, and data products after more than 6 years in space

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 2445-2461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akihiko Kuze ◽  
Hiroshi Suto ◽  
Kei Shiomi ◽  
Shuji Kawakami ◽  
Makoto Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Satellite System ◽  
Fourier Transform Spectrometer ◽  
Infrared Sensor ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Dry Air ◽  
Retrieval Accuracy ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

Abstract. A data set containing more than 6 years (February 2009 to present) of radiance spectra for carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) observations has been acquired by the Greenhouse gases Observing SATellite (GOSAT, available at http://data.gosat.nies.go.jp/GosatUserInterfaceGateway/guig/GuigPage/open.do), nicknamed “Ibuki”, Thermal And Near infrared Sensor for carbon Observation Fourier Transform Spectrometer (TANSO-FTS). This paper provides updates on the performance of the satellite and TANSO-FTS sensor and describes important changes to the data product, which has recently been made available to users. With these changes the typical accuracy of retrieved column-averaged dry air mole fractions of CO2 and CH4 (XCO2 and XCH4, respectively) are 2 ppm or 0.5 % and 13 ppb or 0.7 %, respectively. Three major anomalies of the satellite system affecting TANSO-FTS are reported: a failure of one of the two solar paddles in May 2014, a switch to the secondary pointing system in January 2015, and most recently a cryocooler shutdown and restart in August 2015. The Level 1A (L1A) (raw interferogram) and the Level 1B (L1B) (radiance spectra) of version V201 described here have long-term uniform quality and provide consistent retrieval accuracy even after the satellite system anomalies. In addition, we discuss the unique observation abilities of GOSAT made possible by an agile pointing mechanism, which allows for optimization of global sampling patterns.

scholarly journals Update on GOSAT TANSO-FTS performance, operations, and data products after more than six years in space

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kuze ◽  
H. suto ◽  
K. Shiomi ◽  
S. kawakami ◽  
M. Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Satellite System ◽  
Fourier Transform Spectrometer ◽  
Infrared Sensor ◽  
Dry Air ◽  
Retrieval Accuracy ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

Abstract. A dataset containing more than six years (February 2009 to present) of radiance-spectra for carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) observations has been acquired by the Greenhouse gases Observing SATellite (GOSAT), nicknamed "Ibuki", Thermal And Near infrared Sensor for carbon Observation Fourier-Transform Spectrometer (TANSO-FTS). This manuscript provides updates on the performance of the satellite and TANSO-FTS sensor and describes important changes to the data product, which has recently been made available to users. With these changes the typical accuracy of retrieved column-averaged dry air mole fractions of CO2 and CH4 (XCO2 and XCH4) are 2 ppm or 0.5 % and 13 ppb or 0.7 %, respectively. Three major anomalies of the satellite system affecting TANSO-FTS are reported: a failure of one of the two solar paddles in May 2014, a switch to the secondary pointing system in January 2015 and most recently, a cryo-cooler shutdown and restart in August 2015. The Level 1A (L1A) (raw interferogram) and the Level 1B (L1B) (radiance spectra) of version V201.201 (V201) described here have long-term uniform quality and provide consistent retrieval accuracy even after the satellite system anomalies. In addition, we discuss the unique observation abilities of GOSAT, made possible by an agile pointing mechanism, which allows for optimization of global sampling patterns.

scholarly journals Thermal and near-infrared sensor for carbon observation Fourier transform spectrometer-2 (TANSO-FTS-2) on the Greenhouse gases Observing SATellite-2 (GOSAT-2) during its first year in orbit

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 2013-2039
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Suto ◽  
Fumie Kataoka ◽  
Nobuhiro Kikuchi ◽  
Robert O. Knuteson ◽  
Andre Butz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Monochromatic Light ◽  
Gas Absorption ◽  
Spectral Radiance ◽  
First Year ◽  
Fourier Transform Spectrometer ◽  
Infrared Sensor ◽  
Level 1

Abstract. The Japanese Greenhouse gases Observing SATellite-2 (GOSAT-2), in orbit since 29 October 2018, follows up the GOSAT mission, itself in orbit since 23 January 2009. GOSAT-2 monitors carbon dioxide and methane in order to increase our understanding of the global carbon cycle. It simultaneously measures carbon monoxide emitted from fossil fuel combustion and biomass burning and permits identification of the amount of combustion-related carbon. To do this, the satellite utilizes the Thermal and Near Infrared Sensor for Carbon Observation Fourier-Transform Spectrometer-2 (TANSO-FTS-2). This spectrometer detects gas absorption spectra of solar radiation reflected from the Earth's surface in the shortwave-infrared (SWIR) region as well as the emitted thermal infrared radiation (TIR) from the ground and the atmosphere. TANSO-FTS-2 can measure the oxygen A band (0.76 µm), weak and strong CO2 bands (1.6 and 2.0 µm), weak and strong CH4 bands (1.6 and 2.3 µm), a weak CO band (2.3 µm), a mid-wave TIR band (5.5–8.4 µm), and a long-wave TIR band (8.4–14.3 µm) with 0.2 cm−1 spectral sampling intervals. TANSO-FTS-2 is equipped with a solar diffuser target, a monochromatic light source, and a blackbody for spectral radiance calibration. These calibration sources permit characterization of time-dependent instrument changes in orbit. The onboard-recalibrated instrumental parameters are considered in operational level-1 processing and released as TANSO-FTS-2 level-1 version 102102 products, which were officially released on 25 May 2020. This paper provides an overview of the TANSO-FTS-2 instrument, the level-1 processing, and the first-year in-orbit performance. To validate the spectral radiance calibration during the first year of operation, the spectral radiance of the version 102102 product is compared at temporally coincident and spatially collocated points from February 2019 to March 2020 with TANSO-FTS on GOSAT for SWIR and with AIRS on Aqua and IASI on METOP-B for TIR. The spectral radiances measured by TANSO-FTS and TANSO-FTS-2 agree within 2 % of the averaged bias and 0.5 % standard deviation for SWIR bands. The agreement of brightness temperature between TANSO-FTS-2 and AIRS–IASI is better than 1 K in the range from 220 to 320 K. GOSAT-2 not only provides seamless global CO2 and CH4 observation but also observes local emissions and uptake with an additional CO channel, fully customized sampling patterns, higher signal-to-noise ratios, and wider pointing angles than GOSAT.

Design and Performance Characteristics of a Near-Infrared Scanning Multichannel Raman Spectrometer

1994 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
pp. 933-936 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Engert ◽  
V. Deckert ◽  
W. Kiefer ◽  
S. Umapathy ◽  
H. Hamaguchi
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Band Shape ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Shape Accuracy ◽  
Raman Spectrometer ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Photodiode Array ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Ft Raman

This paper provides comprehensive evidence for the performance of a highly sensitive NIR Raman spectrometer that is based on a single monochromator, a holographic edge filter, and a germanium photodiode array and that employs the scanning multichannel technique. In terms of signal-to-noise ratio, resolution, band intensities, and band shape accuracy, the spectra presented are the best reported so far with the use of a multichannel NIR Raman spectrometer. We believe that the design proposed here can yield data at least as good as FT-Raman data, for any given sample.

scholarly journals Validation of TANSO-FTS/GOSAT XCO<sub>2</sub> and XCH<sub>4</sub> glint mode retrievals using TCCON data from near-ocean sites

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 1415-1430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minqiang Zhou ◽  
Bart Dils ◽  
Pucai Wang ◽  
Rob Detmers ◽  
Yukio Yoshida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Fourier Transform Spectrometer ◽  
Infrared Sensor ◽  
Dry Air ◽  
Retrieval Algorithms ◽  
Operational Algorithm ◽  
Relative Scatter ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract. The thermal And near infrared sensor for carbon observations Fourier transform spectrometer (TANSO-FTS) on board the Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite (GOSAT) applies the normal nadir mode above the land (“land data”) and sun glint mode over the ocean (“ocean data”) to provide global distributions of column-averaged dry-air mole fractions of CO2 and CH4, or XCO2 and XCH4. Several algorithms have been developed to obtain highly accurate greenhouse gas concentrations from TANSO-FTS/GOSAT spectra. So far, all the retrieval algorithms have been validated with the measurements from ground-based Fourier transform spectrometers from the Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON), but limited to the land data. In this paper, the ocean data of the SRPR, SRFP (the proxy and full-physics versions 2.3.5 of SRON/KIT's RemoTeC algorithm), NIES (National Institute for Environmental Studies operational algorithm version 02.21) and ACOS (NASA's Atmospheric CO2 Observations from Space version 3.5) are compared with FTIR measurements from five TCCON sites and nearby GOSAT land data.For XCO2, both land and ocean data of NIES, SRFP and ACOS show good agreement with TCCON measurements. Averaged over all TCCON sites, the relative biases of ocean data and land data are −0.33 and −0.13 % for NIES, 0.03 and 0.04 % for SRFP, 0.06 and −0.03 % for ACOS, respectively. The relative scatter ranges between 0.31 and 0.49 %. For XCH4, the relative bias of ocean data is even less than that of the land data for the NIES (0.02 vs. −0.35 %), SRFP (0.04 vs. 0.20 %) and SRPR (−0.02 vs. 0.06 %) algorithms. Compared to the results for XCO2, the XCH4 retrievals show larger relative scatter (0.65–0.81 %).

scholarly journals Validation of TANSO-FTS/GOSAT XCO<sub>2</sub> and XCH<sub>4</sub> glint mode retrievals using TCCON data from near-ocean sites

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 10897-10935 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Zhou ◽  
B. Dils ◽  
P. Wang ◽  
R. G. Detmers ◽  
Y. Yoshida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Fourier Transform Spectrometer ◽  
Infrared Sensor ◽  
Dry Air ◽  
Retrieval Algorithms ◽  
Operational Algorithm ◽  
Relative Scatter ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract. Thermal And Near infrared Sensor for carbon Observations Fourier Transform Spectrometer (TANSO-FTS) on board The Greenhouse gases Observing SATellite (GOSAT) applies the normal nadir mode above the land ("land data") and sun glint mode over the ocean ("ocean data") to provide global distributions of column-averaged dry-air mole fractions of CO2 and CH4, or XCO2 and XCH4. Several algorithms have been developed to obtain highly accurate greenhouse gas concentrations from TANSO-FTS/GOSAT spectra. So far, all the retrieval algorithms have been validated with the measurements from ground-based Fourier transform spectrometers from the Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON), but limited to the land data. In this paper, the ocean data of the SRPR, SRFP (the proxy and full-physics versions 2.3.5 of SRON/KIT's RemoTeC algorithm), NIES (National Institute for Environmental Studies operational algorithm version 02.21) and ACOS (NASA's Atmospheric CO2 Observations from Space version 3.5) are compared with FTIR measurements from five TCCON sites and near-by GOSAT land data. For XCO2, both land and ocean data of NIES, SRFP and ACOS show good agreement with TCCON measurements. Averaged over all TCCON sites, the relative biases of ocean data and land data are 0.33 and 0.13 % for NIES, −0.03 and −0.04 % for SRFP, −0.06 and 0.03 % for ACOS, respectively. The relative scatter ranges between 0.31 and 0.49 %. For XCH4, the relative bias of ocean data is even less than that of the land data for the NIES (−0.02 vs. 0.35 %), SRFP (&amp;minus,0.04 vs. −0.20 %) and SRPR (0.02 vs. −0.06 %) algorithms. Compared to the results for XCO2, the XCH4 retrievals show larger relative scatter (0.65–0.81 %).

scholarly journals Evaluating Radiometric Responsivity Degradations of TANSO-FTS/GOSAT Using Principal Component Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (10) ◽  
pp. 1877-1890
Author(s):  
Yu Someya ◽  
Yukio Yoshida
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Fourier Transform Spectrometer ◽  
Infrared Sensor ◽  
Degradation Model ◽  
Measurement Biases

AbstractThe short-wavelength infrared bands of the Thermal and Near-Infrared Sensor for Carbon Observation (TANSO)–Fourier transform spectrometer (FTS) instrument on board the Greenhouse Gas Observing Satellite (GOSAT) have degraded, which affects the retrieval of data for CO2 and CH4. Herein, a new algorithm that uses principal component analysis (PCA) to evaluate these degradations from on-orbit solar calibration spectra has been developed. The datasets of the spectra were decomposed using PCA, and the temporal variations of their components were fitted using the appropriate functions. Our results show that PCA is effective to construct a suitable degradation model for TANSO-FTS. Comparisons of CO2 data retrieved using the new degradation model with that using the ground-based FTS indicate that the new model improves the measurement biases.

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