scholarly journals Remote sensing of water vapour profiles in the framework of the Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON)

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 3987-4007
Author(s):  
M. Schneider ◽  
E. Sepúlveda ◽  
O. García ◽  
F. Hase ◽  
T. Blumenstock
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapour ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Solar Absorption ◽  
Upper Troposphere ◽  
High Measurement ◽  
The Vertical Distribution

Abstract. We show that the near infrared solar absorption spectra recorded in the framework of the Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON) can be used to derive the vertical distribution of tropospheric water vapour. Using spectral H2O signatures in the 4500–4700 cm−1 region one can well distinguish lower from middle/upper tropospheric water vapour concentrations. The vertical resolution is about 3 and 6 km, for the lower and middle/upper troposphere, respectively. We document the quality of the remotely-sensed profiles by comparisons with coincident in-situ Vaisala RS92 radiosonde measurements. The agreement of both techniques is very satisfactory. Due to the long-term strategy of the network and the high measurement frequency, the TCCON water vapour profile data offer novel opportunities for estimating the water vapour variability at different time scales and altitudes.

scholarly journals Remote sensing of water vapour profiles in the framework of the Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON)

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 1785-1795 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Schneider ◽  
E. Sepúlveda ◽  
O. García ◽  
F. Hase ◽  
T. Blumenstock
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapour ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Vertical Resolution ◽  
Profile Data ◽  
Solar Absorption ◽  
High Measurement ◽  
The Vertical Distribution

Abstract. We show that the near infrared solar absorption spectra recorded in the framework of the Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON) can be used to derive the vertical distribution of tropospheric water vapour. The resolution of the TCCON spectra of 0.02 cm−1 is sufficient for retrieving lower and middle/upper tropospheric water vapour concentrations with a vertical resolution of about 3 and 8 km, respectively. We document the good quality of the remotely-sensed profiles by comparisons with coincident in-situ Vaisala RS92 radiosonde measurements. Due to the high measurement frequency, the TCCON water vapour profile data offer novel opportunities for estimating the water vapour variability at different timescales and altitudes.

scholarly journals Using XCO<sub>2</sub> retrievals for assessing the long-term consistency of NDACC/FTIR data sets

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 10513-10558
Author(s):  
S. Barthlott ◽  
M. Schneider ◽  
F. Hase ◽  
A. Wiegele ◽  
E. Christner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Carbon ◽  
Atmospheric Composition ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Mauna Loa ◽  
Simple Regression Model ◽  
Good Consistency ◽  
Term Data

Abstract. Within the NDACC (Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change), more than 20 FTIR (Fourier–Transform InfraRed) spectrometers, spread worldwide, provide long-term data records of many atmospheric trace gases. We present a method that uses measured and modelled XCO2 for assessing the consistency of these data records. Our NDACC XCO2 retrieval setup is kept simple so that it can easily be adopted for any NDACC/FTIR-like measurement made since the late 1950s. By a comparison to coincident TCCON (Total Carbon Column Observing Network) measurements, we empirically demonstrate the useful quality of this NDACC XCO2 product (empirically obtained scatter between TCCON and NDACC is about 4‰ for daily mean as well as monthly mean comparisons and the bias is 25‰). As XCO2 model we developed and used a simple regression model fitted to CarbonTracker results and the Mauna Loa CO2 in-situ records. A comparison to TCCON data suggests an uncertainty of the model for monthly mean data of below 3‰. We apply the method to the NDACC/FTIR spectra that are used within the project MUSICA (MUlti-platform remote Sensing of Isotopologues for investigating the Cycle of Atmospheric water) and demonstrate that there is a good consistency for these globally representative set of spectra measured since 1996: the scatter between the modelled and measured XCO2 on a yearly time scale is only 3‰.

scholarly journals Quality assessment of ozone total column amounts as monitored by ground-based solar absorption spectrometry in the near infrared (> 3000 cm<sup>−1</sup>)

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 2071-2106
Author(s):  
O. E. García ◽  
M. Schneider ◽  
F. Hase ◽  
T. Blumenstock ◽  
E. Sepúlveda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Systematic Difference ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Atmospheric Composition ◽  
Solar Absorption ◽  
Annual Cycles ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Total Column

Abstract. This study examines the possibility of ground-based remote sensing ozone total column amounts (OTC) from spectral signatures at 3040 and 4030 cm−1. These spectral regions are routinely measured by the NDACC (Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change) ground-based FTIR (Fourier Transform InfraRed) experiments. In addition, they are potentially detectable by the TCCON (Total Carbon Column Observing Network) FTIR instruments. The ozone retrieval strategy presented here estimates the OTC from NDACC FTIR high resolution spectra with a theoretical precision of about 2% and 5% in the 3040 cm−1 and 4030 cm−1 regions, respectively. Empirically, these OTC products are validated by inter-comparison to FTIR OTC reference retrievals in the 1000 cm−1 spectral region (standard reference for NDACC ozone products), using a 8 year FTIR time series (2005–2012) taken at the subtropical ozone super-site of the Izaña Observatory (Tenerife, Spain). Associated with the weaker ozone signatures at the higher wavenumber regions, the 3040 cm−1 and 4030 cm−1 retrievals show lower vertical sensitivity than the 1000 cm−1 retrievals. Nevertheless, we observe that the rather consistent variations are detected: the variances of the 3040 cm−1 and the 4030 cm−1 retrievals agree within 90% and 75%, respectively, with the variance of the 1000 cm−1 standard retrieval. Furthermore, all three retrievals show very similar annual cycles. However, we observe a large systematic difference of about 7% between the OTC obtained at 1000 cm−1 and 3040 cm−1, indicating a significant inconsistency between the spectroscopic ozone parameters (HITRAN 2012) of both regions. Between the 1000 cm−1 and the 4030 cm−1 retrieval the systematic difference is only 2–3%. Finally, the long-term stability of the OTC retrievals has also been examined, observing that both near infrared retrievals can monitor the long-term OTC evolution in consistency to the 1000 cm−1reference data.

Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide and Methane measurements at Sodankylä, Finland

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rigel Kivi ◽  
Huilin Chen ◽  
Juha Hatakka ◽  
Pauli Heikkinen ◽  
Tuomas Laurila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Relative Difference ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Finnish Meteorological Institute ◽  
Infrared Spectral ◽  
Good Agreement

&lt;p&gt;Carbon dioxide and methane column measurement at the Finnish Meteorological Institute&amp;#8217;s Sodankyl&amp;#228; facility in northern Finland started in early 2009. The measurements have been taken by a Fourier Transform Spectrometer (FTS) in the near-infrared spectral region. From the spectra column-averaged abundances of CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; and other gases are derived. The instrument participates in the Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON).&amp;#160; Here we present long-term ground based FTS measurements of carbon dioxide and methane and comparisons with satellite borne observations. We find that CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; column amounts have increased by 2.2 &amp;#177; 0.1 ppm/year since the start of the measurements in 2009 and CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; column amounts have increased by 7 &amp;#177; 0.4 ppb/year. The measurements are in good agreement with multi-year measurements by the Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite (GOSAT): the relative difference in XCH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; has been -0.07 &amp;#177; 0.02 % and the relative difference in XCO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; has been 0.04 &amp;#177; 0.02 %. Finally we use balloon borne AirCore observations at the Sodankyl&amp;#228; site to provide comparisons between FTS and in situ observations during all seasons.&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals Using XCO<sub>2</sub> retrievals for assessing the long-term consistency of NDACC/FTIR data sets

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1555-1573 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Barthlott ◽  
M. Schneider ◽  
F. Hase ◽  
A. Wiegele ◽  
E. Christner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Carbon ◽  
Atmospheric Composition ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Mauna Loa ◽  
Simple Regression Model ◽  
Good Consistency ◽  
Term Data

Abstract. Within the NDACC (Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change), more than 20 FTIR (Fourier-transform infrared) spectrometers, spread worldwide, provide long-term data records of many atmospheric trace gases. We present a method that uses measured and modelled XCO2 for assessing the consistency of these NDACC data records. Our XCO2 retrieval setup is kept simple so that it can easily be adopted for any NDACC/FTIR-like measurement made since the late 1950s. By a comparison to coincident TCCON (Total Carbon Column Observing Network) measurements, we empirically demonstrate the useful quality of this suggested NDACC XCO2 product (empirically obtained scatter between TCCON and NDACC is about 4‰ for daily mean as well as monthly mean comparisons, and the bias is 25‰). Our XCO2 model is a simple regression model fitted to CarbonTracker results and the Mauna Loa CO2 in situ records. A comparison to TCCON data suggests an uncertainty of the model for monthly mean data of below 3‰. We apply the method to the NDACC/FTIR spectra that are used within the project MUSICA (multi-platform remote sensing of isotopologues for investigating the cycle of atmospheric water) and demonstrate that there is a good consistency for these globally representative set of spectra measured since 1996: the scatter between the modelled and measured XCO2 on a yearly time scale is only 3‰.

scholarly journals Quality assessment of ozone total column amounts as monitored by ground-based solar absorption spectrometry in the near infrared (> 3000 cm<sup>−1</sup>)

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 3071-3084 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. E. García ◽  
M. Schneider ◽  
F. Hase ◽  
T. Blumenstock ◽  
E. Sepúlveda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Region ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Systematic Difference ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Atmospheric Composition ◽  
High Spectral Resolution ◽  
Wave Number ◽  
Solar Absorption ◽  
Total Column

Abstract. This study examines the possibility of ground-based remote-sensing ozone total column amounts (OTC) from spectral signatures at 3040 and 4030 cm−1. These spectral regions are routinely measured by the NDACC (Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change) ground-based FTIR (Fourier transform infraRed) experiments. In addition, they are potentially detectable by the TCCON (Total Carbon Column Observing Network) FTIR instruments. The ozone retrieval strategy presented here estimates the OTC from NDACC FTIR high-resolution spectra with a theoretical precision of about 2 and 5% in the 3040 and 4030 cm−1 regions, respectively. Empirically, these OTC products are validated by inter-comparison to FTIR OTC reference retrievals in the 1000 cm−1 spectral region (standard reference for NDACC ozone products), using an 8-year FTIR time series (2005–2012) taken at the subtropical ozone supersite of the Izaña Atmospheric Observatory (Tenerife, Spain). Associated with the weaker ozone signatures at the higher wave number regions, the 3040 and 4030 cm−1 retrievals show lower vertical sensitivity than the 1000 cm−1 retrievals. Nevertheless, we observe that the rather consistent variations are detected: the variances of the 3040 cm−1 and the 4030 cm−1 retrievals agree within 90 and 75%, respectively, with the variance of the 1000 cm−1 standard retrieval. Furthermore, all three retrievals show very similar annual cycles. However, we observe a large systematic difference of about 7% between the OTC obtained at 1000 and 3040 cm−1, indicating a significant inconsistency between the spectroscopic ozone parameters (HITRAN, 2012) of both regions. Between the 1000 cm and the 4030 cm−1 retrieval the systematic difference is only 2–3%. Finally, the long-term stability of the OTC retrievals has also been examined, observing that both near-infrared retrievals can monitor the long-term OTC evolution, consistent with the 1000 cm−1 reference data. These findings demonstrate that recording the solar absorption spectra in the 3000 cm−1 spectral region at high spectral resolution (about 0.005 cm−1) might be useful for TCCON sites. Hence, both NDACC and TCCON ground-based FTIR experiments might contribute to global ozone databases.

Remote Sensing Measurements of Carbon Dioxide and Methane over Northern Finland

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rigel Kivi ◽  
Juha Hatakka ◽  
Pauli Heikkinen ◽  
Tuomas Laurila ◽  
Hannakaisa Lindqvist ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Measurement Scales ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Infrared Spectral ◽  
Gas Measurement

&lt;p&gt;Remote sensing measurements of carbon dioxide and methane at the Sodankyl&amp;#228; facility in northern Finland cover a 12-year time period. The measurements have been taken by a Fourier Transform Spectrometer (FTS), operating in the near-infrared spectral region.&amp;#160; The Sodankyl&amp;#228; site is participating in the Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON). Here we present long-term measurements of column-averaged, dry-air mole fractions of carbon dioxide and methane and comparisons with satellite borne measurements. The relevant satellite missions include the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) on board of the Copernicus Sentinel-5 Precursor satellite, the Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2) and the Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite (GOSAT). We have performed AirCore observations in the vicinity of the TCCON instrument at Sodankyl&amp;#228; during all seasons. AirCore measurements are directly related to the World Meteorological Organization in situ trace gas measurement scales. The AirCore data are used in this study to provide comparisons with remote sensing retrievals.&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals Two decades of in-situ temperature measurements in the upper troposphere and lowermost stratosphere from IAGOS long-term routine observation

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Berkes ◽  
Patrick Neis ◽  
Martin G. Schultz ◽  
Ulrich Bundke ◽  
Susanne Rohs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weather Forecast ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Temperature Trend ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Medium Range Weather Forecast ◽  
Upper Troposphere ◽  
Temperature Trends ◽  
Geographical Regions

Abstract. Despite several studies on temperature trends in the tropopause region, a comprehensive understanding of the evolution of temperatures in this climate-sensitive region of the atmosphere remains elusive. Here we present a unique global-scale, long-term data set of high-resolution in-situ temperature data measured aboard passenger aircraft within the European Research Infrastructure IAGOS (In-service Aircraft for a Global Observing System, www.iagos.org). This data set is used to investigate temperature trends within the global upper troposphere and lowermost stratosphere (UTLS) for the period 1995 to 2012 in different geographical regions and vertical layers of the UTLS. The largest amount of observations is available over the North Atlantic. Here, a neutral temperature trend is found within the lowermost stratosphere. This contradicts the temperature trend in the European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecast (ECMWF) ERA-Interim reanalysis, where a significant (95 % confidence) temperature increase of +0.56 K/decade is obtained. Differences between trends derived from observations and reanalysis data can be traced back to changes in the temperature bias between observation and model data over the studied period. This study demonstrates the value of the IAGOS temperature observations as anchor point for the evaluation of reanalyses and its suitability for independent trend analyses.

In situ formation of near-infrared controlled dual-antibacterial platform

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuoyao Ni ◽  
jiajie hu ◽  
Hui Zhu ◽  
Yazhuo Shang ◽  
Daijie Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
In Situ Formation

Antibiotic resistance caused by long-term abuse of antibiotics has inevitably become a very serious problem and developing novel strategies to enhance the efficacy of treatments is exigent. Herein, a dual-antibacterial...

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