scholarly journals Magnetospheric convection from Cluster EDI measurements compared with the ground-based ionospheric convection model IZMEM

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (8) ◽  
pp. 3077-3087 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Förster ◽  
Y. I. Feldstein ◽  
S. E. Haaland ◽  
L. A. Dremukhina ◽  
L. I. Gromova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Latitude ◽  
Electric Potential ◽  
Potential Distribution ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽  
Convection Pattern ◽  
Polar Cap ◽  
Ionospheric Convection ◽  
Electric Potential Distribution ◽  
Convection Model ◽  
The Imf

Abstract. Cluster/EDI electron drift observations above the Northern and Southern polar cap areas for more than seven and a half years (2001–2008) have been used to derive a statistical model of the high-latitude electric potential distribution for summer conditions. Based on potential pattern for different orientations of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) in the GSM y-z-plane, basic convection pattern (BCP) were derived, that represent the main characteristics of the electric potential distribution in dependence on the IMF. The BCPs comprise the IMF-independent potential distribution as well as patterns, which describe the dependence on positive and negative IMFBz and IMFBy variations. The full set of BCPs allows to describe the spatial and temporal variation of the high-latitude electric potential (ionospheric convection) for any solar wind IMF condition near the Earth's magnetopause within reasonable ranges. The comparison of the Cluster/EDI model with the IZMEM ionospheric convection model, which was derived from ground-based magnetometer observations, shows a good agreement of the basic patterns and its variation with the IMF. According to the statistical models, there is a two-cell antisunward convection within the polar cap for northward IMFBz+≤2 nT, while for increasing northward IMFBz+ there appears a region of sunward convection within the high-latitude daytime sector, which assumes the form of two additional cells with sunward convection between them for IMFBz+≈4–5 nT. This results in a four-cell convection pattern of the high-latitude convection. In dependence of the ±IMFBy contribution during sufficiently strong northward IMFBz conditions, a transformation to three-cell convection patterns takes place.

scholarly journals Validation of the stream function method used for reconstruction of experimental ionospheric convection patterns

2000 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 454-460
Author(s):  
P.L. Israelevich ◽  
V. O. Papitashvili ◽  
A. I. Ershkovich
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Value Problem ◽  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Stream Function ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Electric Potential ◽  
Potential Distribution ◽  
Function Method ◽  
Polar Cap ◽  
Ionospheric Convection ◽  
Convection Patterns

Abstract. In this study we test a stream function method suggested by Israelevich and Ershkovich for instantaneous reconstruction of global, high-latitude ionospheric convection patterns from a limited set of experimental observations, namely, from the electric field or ion drift velocity vector measurements taken along two polar satellite orbits only. These two satellite passes subdivide the polar cap into several adjacent areas. Measured electric fields or ion drifts can be considered as boundary conditions (together with the zero electric potential condition at the low-latitude boundary) for those areas, and the entire ionospheric convection pattern can be reconstructed as a solution of the boundary value problem for the stream function without any preliminary information on ionospheric conductivities. In order to validate the stream function method, we utilized the IZMIRAN electrodynamic model (IZMEM) recently calibrated by the DMSP ionospheric electrostatic potential observations. For the sake of simplicity, we took the modeled electric fields along the noon-midnight and dawn-dusk meridians as the boundary conditions. Then, the solution(s) of the boundary value problem (i.e., a reconstructed potential distribution over the entire polar region) is compared with the original IZMEM/DMSP electric potential distribution(s), as well as with the various cross cuts of the polar cap. It is found that reconstructed convection patterns are in good agreement with the original modelled patterns in both the northern and southern polar caps. The analysis is carried out for the winter and summer conditions, as well as for a number of configurations of the interplanetary magnetic field.Key words: Ionosphere (electric fields and currents; plasma convection; modelling and forecasting)

Ionospheric convection during the magnetic storm of 20-21 March 1990

1994 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1174-1191 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Taylor ◽  
T. K. Yeoman ◽  
M. Lester ◽  
M. J. Buonsanto ◽  
J. L. Scali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Wind ◽  
Response Time ◽  
Magnetic Storm ◽  
Local Times ◽  
Convection Pattern ◽  
Polar Cap ◽  
Flow Measurements ◽  
Ionospheric Convection ◽  
Substorm Activity ◽  
The Imf

Abstract. We report on the response of high-latitude ionospheric convection during the magnetic storm of March 20-21 1990. IMP-8 measurements of solar wind plasma and interplanetary magnetic field (IMF), ionospheric convection flow measurements from the Wick and Goose Bay coherent radars, EISCAT, Millstone Hill and Sondrestrom incoherent radars and three digisondes at Millstone Hill, Goose Bay and Qaanaaq are presented. Two intervals of particular interest have been identified. The first starts with a storm sudden commencement at 2243 UT on March 20 and includes the ionospheric activity in the following 7 h. The response time of the ionospheric convection to the southward turning of the IMF in the dusk to midnight local times is found to be approximately half that measured in a similar study at comparable local times during more normal solar wind conditions. Furthermore, this response time is the same as those previously measured on the dayside. An investigation of the expansion of the polar cap during a substorm growth phase based on Faraday's law suggests that the expansion of the polar cap was nonuniform. A subsequent reconfiguration of the nightside convection pattern was also observed, although it was not possible to distinguish between effects due to possible changes in By and effects due to substorm activity. The second interval, 1200-2100 UT 21 March 1990, included a southward turning of the IMF which resulted in the Bz component becoming -10 nT. The response time on the dayside to this change in the IMF at the magnetopause was approximately 15 min to 30 min which is a factor of ~2 greater than those previously measured at higher latitudes. A movement of the nightside flow reversal, possibly driven by current systems associated with the substorm expansion phases, was observed, implying that the nightside convection pattern can be dominated by substorm activity.

scholarly journals Quantitative Observation of Electric Potential Distribution of Brittle Polyelectrolyte Hydrogels Using Microelectrode Technique

2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (8) ◽  
pp. 3100-3108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Honglei Guo ◽  
Takayuki Kurokawa ◽  
Masakazu Takahata ◽  
Wei Hong ◽  
Yoshinori Katsuyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Potential ◽  
Potential Distribution ◽  
Electric Potential Distribution ◽  
Microelectrode Technique

scholarly journals Observation of Electric Potential Distribution in Model Capacitor Sample Using Electron Holography

2012 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 696-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryuichi Kuramae ◽  
Hiroyuki Ono ◽  
Yoshinori Fujikawa ◽  
Yasukazu Murakami ◽  
Daisuke Shindo
Keyword(s):  
Electric Potential ◽  
Potential Distribution ◽  
Electron Holography ◽  
Electric Potential Distribution

scholarly journals Small-scale characteristics of extremely high latitude aurora

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 3335-3347 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Cumnock ◽  
L. G. Blomberg ◽  
A. Kullen ◽  
T. Karlsson ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High Latitude ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Strong Correlations ◽  
Polar Cap ◽  
Plasma Flows ◽  
Ionospheric Convection ◽  
Local Closure ◽  
Scale Characteristics

Abstract. We examine 14 cases of an interesting type of extremely high latitude aurora as identified in the precipitating particles measured by the DMSP F13 satellite. In particular we investigate structures within large-scale arcs for which the particle signatures are made up of a group of multiple distinct thin arcs. These cases are chosen without regard to IMF orientation and are part of a group of 87 events where DMSP F13 SSJ/4 measures emissions which occur near the noon-midnight meridian and are spatially separated from both the dawnside and duskside auroral ovals by wide regions with precipitating particles typical of the polar cap. For 73 of these events the high-latitude aurora consists of a continuous region of precipitating particles. We focus on the remaining 14 of these events where the particle signatures show multiple distinct thin arcs. These events occur during northward or weakly southward IMF conditions and follow a change in IMF By. Correlations are seen between the field-aligned currents and plasma flows associated with the arcs, implying local closure of the FACs. Strong correlations are seen only in the sunlit hemisphere. The convection associated with the multiple thin arcs is localized and has little influence on the large-scale convection. This also implies that the sunward flow along the arcs is unrelated to the overall ionospheric convection.

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