Blue carbon stocks in baltic Sea eelgrass

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anonymous
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Blue Carbon

scholarly journals Blue carbon stocks in Baltic Sea eelgrass (<i>Zostera marina</i>) meadows

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Emilia Röhr ◽  
Christoffer Boström ◽  
Paula Canal-Vergés ◽  
Marianne Holmer
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Zostera Marina ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Blue Carbon ◽  
Carbon Accumulation ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Sediment Surface ◽  
Monetary Value ◽  
Over The Top

Abstract. Although seagrasses cover only a minor fraction of the ocean seafloor, their carbon sink capacity account for nearly one-fifth of the oceanic carbon burial and thus play a critical structural and functional role in many coastal ecosystems. We sampled 10 eelgrass (Zostera marina) meadows in Finland and 10 in Denmark to explore the seagrass carbon stocks (Corg stock) and the carbon accumulation (Corg accumulation) in the Baltic Sea area. The study sites represent a gradient from sheltered to exposed locations in both regions to reflect expected minimum and maximum stocks and accumulation. The Corg stock integrated over the top 25 cm of the sediment averaged 627g C m−2 in Finland, while in Denmark the average Corg stock was over six times higher (4324 g C m−2). A conservative estimate of the total carbon pool in the regions ranged between 8.6–46.2 t ha−1. Our results suggest that the Finnish eelgrass meadows are minor carbon sinks compared to the Danish meadows, and that majority of the Corg produced in the Finnish meadows is exported. Similarly, the estimates for Corg accumulation in eelgrass meadows in Finland (< 0.002–0.033 t C y−1) were over two orders of magnitude lower compared to Denmark (0.376–3.636 Corg t y−1). Our analysis further showed that > 40 % of the variation in the Corg stocks was explained by sediment characteristics (density, porosity and silt content). In addition, the DistLm analysis showed, that root: shoot- ratio of Z. marina explained > 12 % and contribution of Z. marina detritus to the sediment surface Corg pool > 10 % of the variation in the Corg stocks, whereas annual eelgrass production explained additional 2.3 %. The mean monetary value for the present carbon storage and sequestration capacity of eelgrass meadows at Finland and Denmark, were 346 and 1862 € ha−1, respectively. We conclude that in order to produce reliable estimates on the magnitude of eelgrass Corg stocks, Corg accumulation and the monetary value of these services, more Blue Carbon studies investigating the role of sediment biogeochemistry, seascape structure, plant species architecture and hydrodynamic regime for seagrass carbon storage capacity are in urgent need.

scholarly journals Blue carbon stocks in Baltic Sea eelgrass (<i>Zostera marina</i>) meadows

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 6139-6153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Emilia Röhr ◽  
Christoffer Boström ◽  
Paula Canal-Vergés ◽  
Marianne Holmer
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Zostera Marina ◽  
Carbon Sink ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Blue Carbon ◽  
Carbon Accumulation ◽  
Sediment Surface ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Sink Capacity

Abstract. Although seagrasses cover only a minor fraction of the ocean seafloor, their carbon sink capacity accounts for nearly one-fifth of the total oceanic carbon burial and thus play a critical structural and functional role in many coastal ecosystems. We sampled 10 eelgrass (Zostera marina) meadows in Finland and 10 in Denmark to explore seagrass carbon stocks (Corg stock) and carbon accumulation rates (Corg accumulation) in the Baltic Sea area. The study sites represent a gradient from sheltered to exposed locations in both regions to reflect expected minimum and maximum stocks and accumulation. The Corg stock integrated over the top 25 cm of the sediment averaged 627 g C m−2 in Finland, while in Denmark the average Corg stock was over 6 times higher (4324 g C m−2). A conservative estimate of the total organic carbon pool in the regions ranged between 6.98 and 44.9 t C ha−1. Our results suggest that the Finnish eelgrass meadows are minor carbon sinks compared to the Danish meadows, and that majority of the Corg produced in the Finnish meadows is exported. Our analysis further showed that > 40 % of the variation in the Corg stocks was explained by sediment characteristics, i.e. dry density, porosity and silt content. In addition, our analysis show that the root : shoot ratio of Z. marina explained > 12 % and the contribution of Z. marina detritus to the sediment surface Corg pool explained > 10 % of the variation in the Corg stocks. The mean monetary value for the present carbon storage and carbon sink capacity of eelgrass meadows in Finland and Denmark, were 281 and 1809 EUR ha−1, respectively. For a more comprehensive picture of seagrass carbon storage capacity, we conclude that future blue carbon studies should, in a more integrative way, investigate the interactions between sediment biogeochemistry, seascape structure, plant species architecture and the hydrodynamic regime.

scholarly journals Impacts of land reclamation on tidal marsh ‘blue carbon’ stocks

2019 ◽  
Vol 672 ◽  
pp. 427-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn J. Ewers Lewis ◽  
Jeffrey A. Baldock ◽  
Bruce Hawke ◽  
Patricia S. Gadd ◽  
Atun Zawadzki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tidal Marsh ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Blue Carbon

scholarly journals Carbon Stock of Seagrass Community in Barranglompo Island, Makassar (Stok Karbon pada Komunitas Lamun di Pulau Barranglompo, Makassar)

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Supriadi Supriadi ◽  
Richardus F Kaswadji ◽  
Dietrich G Bengen ◽  
Malikusworo Hutomo
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Blue Carbon ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Root Penetration ◽  
Enhalus Acoroides ◽  
Seagrass Community ◽  
Seagrass Biomass ◽  
Depth Relationship ◽  
Seagrass Density

Konsep blue carbon yang diperkenalkan oleh UNEP, FAO dan UNESCO pada tahun 2009 memasukkan padang lamun sebagai salah satu ekosistem yang mempunyai peran dalam penyerapan karbon global. Karbon yang diserap disimpan dan dialirkan dalam beberapa kompartemen, antara lain di sedimen, herbivora, kolom air, ekosistem lain dan dalam bentuk biomassa. Penelitian dilakukan di Pulau Barranglompo, Makassar, untuk melihat potensi stok karbon yang tersimpan dalam biomassa lamun. Kepadatan lamun diukur dengan melakukan sampling menggunakan metode transek kuadrat dengan ukuran 50cm x 50cm. Sedangkan untuk biomassa dilakukan dengan transek 20cm x 20cm. Hubungan antara kepadatan, biomassa dan kandungan karbon dari lamun digunakan untuk menentukan jumlah stok karbon. Kepadatan lamun disurvei pada 236 titik, sedangkan untuk pengambilan sampel biomassa dilakukan pada 30 titik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa komunitas lamun mempunyai total stok karbon sebesar 73,86 ton dari total luas padang lamun 64,3 ha. Karbon di bawah substrat sebesar 56,55 ton (76,3%), lebih tinggi dibanding karbon di atas substrat yang hanya 17,57 ton (23,7%). Jenis lamun Enhalus acoroides menyumbang lebih dari 70% terhadap total stok karbon. Berdasarkan kelas karbon, kontribusi terbesar ditemukan pada kelas 100-200 gC.m-2 sebesar 29,41 ton (39,7%). Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa ekosistem lamun berperan sangat penting dalam menjaga stok karbon di laut sehingga perlu mendapatkan perhatian untuk konservasinya. Kata kunci: konsep blue karbon, lamun, Barranglompo   Blue carbon concept as introduced by UNEP, FAO and UNESCO in 2009 included seagrass beds as one ecosystem having a significant role in global carbon absorption. Absorbed carbon was stored and distributed in various compartments such as in sediments, herbivores, water column, other ecosystems and in form of biomass. The research was conducted in Barranglompo Island, Makassar City to analyze the potency of carbon stock that stored within seagrass biomass. Seagrass density was sampled using quadrat transect method with size of 50cm x 50cm. While for biomass was done by harvesting seagrass at transect of 20cm x 20cm in root penetration depth. Relationship between density, biomass and carbon content of seagrass were used to determine total carbon stock. Seagrass density was surveyed at 236 points, while for biomass sampling was conducted in 30 points. The results showed that seagrass community had total carbon stocks as much as 73.86 tonnes from overall 64.3 ha of seagrass bed areas.  Below ground carbon had 56.55 tonnes (76.3%), higher compared to that aboveground which only 17.57 tonnes (23.7%). Seagrass species Enhalus acoroides contributed more than 70% to the total carbon stocks, whereas, based on the carbon classes, the highest contribution was found at class 100-200 gC.m-2 i.e. 29.41 tonnes (39.7%). These results suggest that seagrass ecosystem plays an important role in maintaining the carbon stock in the ocean and should receive good attention for its conservation. Keywords: blue carbon concept, seagrass, Barranglompo

scholarly journals Brazilian Mangroves: Blue Carbon Hotspots of National and Global Relevance to Natural Climate Solutions

2022 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andre S. Rovai ◽  
Robert R. Twilley ◽  
Thomas A. Worthington ◽  
Pablo Riul
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Sequestration ◽  
National Level ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Woody Biomass ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Blue Carbon ◽  
Carbon Accumulation ◽  
Amazon Forest ◽  
Nationally Determined Contributions ◽  
Natural Climate

Mangroves are known for large carbon stocks and high sequestration rates in biomass and soils, making these intertidal wetlands a cost-effective strategy for some nations to compensate for a portion of their carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. However, few countries have the national-level inventories required to support the inclusion of mangroves into national carbon credit markets. This is the case for Brazil, home of the second largest mangrove area in the world but lacking an integrated mangrove carbon inventory that captures the diversity of coastline types and climatic zones in which mangroves are present. Here we reviewed published datasets to derive the first integrated assessment of carbon stocks, carbon sequestration rates and potential CO2eq emissions across Brazilian mangroves. We found that Brazilian mangroves hold 8.5% of the global mangrove carbon stocks (biomass and soils combined). When compared to other Brazilian vegetated biomes, mangroves store up to 4.3 times more carbon in the top meter of soil and are second in biomass carbon stocks only to the Amazon forest. Moreover, organic carbon sequestration rates in Brazilian mangroves soils are 15–30% higher than recent global estimates; and integrated over the country’s area, they account for 13.5% of the carbon buried in world’s mangroves annually. Carbon sequestration in Brazilian mangroves woody biomass is 10% of carbon accumulation in mangrove woody biomass globally. Our study identifies Brazilian mangroves as a major global blue carbon hotspot and suggest that their loss could potentially release substantial amounts of CO2. This research provides a robust baseline for the consideration of mangroves into strategies to meet Brazil’s intended Nationally Determined Contributions.

Temporal records of organic carbon stocks and burial rates in Mexican blue carbon coastal ecosystems throughout the Anthropocene

2020 ◽  
Vol 192 ◽  
pp. 103215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasa Cuellar-Martinez ◽  
Ana Carolina Ruiz-Fernández ◽  
Joan-Albert Sanchez-Cabeza ◽  
Libia Pérez-Bernal ◽  
Perla Guadalupe López-Mendoza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Coastal Ecosystems ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Blue Carbon ◽  
Burial Rates

Blue carbon stocks, accumulation rates, and associated spatial variability in Brazilian mangroves

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Hatje ◽  
Pere Masqué ◽  
Vinicus F. Patire ◽  
Antonio Dórea ◽  
Francisco Barros
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Blue Carbon ◽  
Accumulation Rates

scholarly journals Dimensions of Blue Carbon and emerging perspectives

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 20180781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine E. Lovelock ◽  
Carlos M. Duarte
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Marine Ecosystems ◽  
Coastal Ecosystems ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Blue Carbon ◽  
Tidal Marshes ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Mitigate Climate Change

Blue Carbon is a term coined in 2009 to draw attention to the degradation of marine and coastal ecosystems and the need to conserve and restore them to mitigate climate change and for the other ecosystem services they provide. Blue Carbon has multiple meanings, which we aim to clarify here, which reflect the original descriptions of the concept including (1) all organic matter captured by marine organisms, and (2) how marine ecosystems could be managed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and thereby contribute to climate change mitigation and conservation. The multifaceted nature of the Blue Carbon concept has led to unprecedented collaboration across disciplines, where scientists, conservationists and policy makers have interacted intensely to advance shared goals. Some coastal ecosystems (mangroves, tidal marshes and seagrass) are established Blue Carbon ecosystems as they often have high carbon stocks, support long-term carbon storage, offer the potential to manage greenhouse gas emissions and support other adaptation policies. Some marine ecosystems do not meet key criteria for inclusion within the Blue Carbon framework (e.g. fish, bivalves and coral reefs). Others have gaps in scientific understanding of carbon stocks or greenhouse gas fluxes, or currently there is limited potential for management or accounting for carbon sequestration (macroalgae and phytoplankton), but may be considered Blue Carbon ecosystems in the future, once these gaps are addressed.

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