scholarly journals Review of “Air-Sea carbon flux from high-temporal-resolution data of in situ CO2 measurements in the southern North Sea” by Steven Pint et al., 2020.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anonymous
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Resolution ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Carbon Flux ◽  
High Temporal Resolution ◽  
Southern North Sea ◽  
Resolution Data

scholarly journals Air–sea carbon flux from high-temporal-resolution data of in situ CO<sub>2</sub> measurements in the southern North Sea

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Pint ◽  
Gert Everaert ◽  
Hannelore Theetaert ◽  
Michiel B. Vandegehuchte ◽  
Thanos Gkritzalis
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Carbon Flux ◽  
Carbon Sink ◽  
Co2 Flux ◽  
Spatiotemporal Variability ◽  
High Temporal Resolution ◽  
Co2 Fluxes ◽  
Southern North Sea ◽  
Basin Scale ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

Abstract. An important element to keep track of global change is the atmosphere–water exchange of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the ocean as it provides insight in how much CO2 is incorporated in the ocean (i.e. the ocean as a sink for CO2) or emitted to the atmosphere (i.e. the ocean as a source). To date, only few high-resolution observation sets are available to quantify the spatiotemporal variability of air–sea CO2 fluxes. In this study, we used observations of pCO2 collected daily at the ICOS station Thornton Buoy in the southern North Sea from February until December 2018 to calculate air–sea CO2 fluxes. Our results show a seasonal variability of the air–sea carbon flux, with the sea being a carbon sink from February until June switching to a carbon source in July and August, before switching back to a sink until December. We calculated that the sink was largest in April (−0.95 ± 0.90 mmol C m−2 d−1), while in August, the source was at its maximum (0.08 ± 0.13 mmol C m−2 d−1). On an annual basis, we found a sink for atmospheric CO2 of 130.19 ± 149.93 mmol C m−2 y−1. Apart from region- and basin-scale estimates of the air–sea CO2 flux, also local measurements are important to grasp local dynamics of the flux and its interactions with biogeochemical processes.

Temperature, Salinity, and Fluorescence in Southern North Sea: High-Resolution Data Sampled from a Ferry

1999 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 527-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
OTTO C. SWERTZ ◽  
FRANCISCUS COLIJN ◽  
HANS W. HOFSTRAAT ◽  
BART A. ALTHUIS
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
North Sea ◽  
High Resolution Data ◽  
Southern North Sea ◽  
Resolution Data

scholarly journals Automated Online Flow Cytometry Advances Microalgal Ecosystem Management as in situ, High-Temporal Resolution Monitoring Tool

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iris Haberkorn ◽  
Cosima L. Off ◽  
Michael D. Besmer ◽  
Leandro Buchmann ◽  
Alexander Mathys
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Temporal Resolution ◽  
High Temporal Resolution ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Biotechnological Production ◽  
Microalgal Biomass ◽  
Bioprocess Optimization ◽  
Related Population

Microalgae are emerging as a next-generation biotechnological production system in the pharmaceutical, biofuel, and food domain. The economization of microalgal biorefineries remains a main target, where culture contamination and prokaryotic upsurge are main bottlenecks to impair culture stability, reproducibility, and consequently productivity. Automated online flow cytometry (FCM) is gaining momentum as bioprocess optimization tool, as it allows for spatial and temporal landscaping, real-time investigations of rapid microbial processes, and the assessment of intrinsic cell features. So far, automated online FCM has not been applied to microalgal ecosystems but poses a powerful technology for improving the feasibility of microalgal feedstock production through in situ, real-time, high-temporal resolution monitoring. The study lays the foundations for an application of automated online FCM implying far-reaching applications to impel and facilitate the implementation of innovations targeting at microalgal bioprocesses optimization. It shows that emissions collected on the FL1/FL3 fluorescent channels, harnessing nucleic acid staining and chlorophyll autofluorescence, enable a simultaneous assessment (quantitative and diversity-related) of prokaryotes and industrially relevant phototrophic Chlorella vulgaris in mixed ecosystems of different complexity over a broad concentration range (2.2–1,002.4 cells ⋅μL–1). Automated online FCM combined with data analysis relying on phenotypic fingerprinting poses a powerful tool for quantitative and diversity-related population dynamics monitoring. Quantitative data assessment showed that prokaryotic growth phases in engineered and natural ecosystems were characterized by different growth speeds and distinct peaks. Diversity-related population monitoring based on phenotypic fingerprinting indicated that prokaryotic upsurge in mixed cultures was governed by the dominance of single prokaryotic species. Automated online FCM is a powerful tool for microalgal bioprocess optimization owing to its adaptability to myriad phenotypic assays and its compatibility with various cultivation systems. This allows advancing bioprocesses associated with both microalgal biomass and compound production. Hence, automated online FCM poses a viable tool with applications across multiple domains within the biobased sector relying on single cell–based value chains.

A Strategy for Scaling ERA5 Sea Winds Using Climate Model Data

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvio Davison ◽  
Francesco Barbariol ◽  
Alvise Benetazzo ◽  
Luigi Cavaleri ◽  
Paola Mercogliano
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Resolution ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Grid Point ◽  
High Temporal Resolution ◽  
Widespread Application ◽  
Northern Adriatic ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
The Past ◽  
Statistical Strategy ◽  
Resolution Data

&lt;p&gt;Over the past decade, reanalysis data products have found widespread application in many areas of research and have often been used for the assessment of the past and present climate.&amp;#160;They produce reliable atmospheric fields at high temporal resolution, albeit at low-to-mid spatial resolution. On the other hand, climatological analyses, quite often down-scaled to represent conditions also in enclosed basins, lack the historical sequence of stormy events and are often provided at poor temporal resolution.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In this context, we investigated the possibility of using the ERA5 reanalysis 10-m wind (25-km and 1-hour resolution data) to assess the Mediterranean Sea wind climate (past and scenario). We propose a statistical strategy&amp;#160;to relate ERA5 wind speeds over the sea to the past and future wind speeds produced by the COSMO-CLM (8-km and 6-hour resolution data) climatological&amp;#160;model. In particular, the&amp;#160;probability density function&amp;#160;of the&amp;#160;ERA5&amp;#160;wind&amp;#160;speed&amp;#160;at each grid point is adjusted to match that of COSMO-CLM.&amp;#160;In this way, past ERA5 winds are corrected to account for the COSMO-CLM energy, while ERA5 scaled wind sequence can be projected in the future with COSMO-CLM scenario energy. Comparison with past observations confirms the validity of the adopted method.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In the Venezia2021 project, we have applied this strategy for the assessment of the changing wind and, after WAVEWATCH III model runs, also the wave climate in the Northern Adriatic Sea, especially in front of Venice and the MOSE barriers, under two IPCC (RCP 4.5 and 8.5) scenarios.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In general, this strategy may be applied to produce a scaled wind dataset in enclosed basins and improve past wave modeling applications based on any reanalysis wind data.&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals High-Resolution, In Situ Monitoring of Stable Isotopes of Water Revealed Insight into Hydrological Response Behavior

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 565
Author(s):  
Amir Sahraei ◽  
Philipp Kraft ◽  
David Windhorst ◽  
Lutz Breuer
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotopes ◽  
Temporal Resolution ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Precipitation Intensity ◽  
High Temporal Resolution ◽  
Hydrological Response ◽  
Response Behavior ◽  
Runoff Generation

High temporal resolution (20-min intervals) measurements of stable isotopes from groundwater, stream water and precipitation were investigated to understand the hydrological response behavior and control of precipitation and antecedent wetness conditions on runoff generation. Data of 20 precipitation events were collected by a self-sufficient mobile system for in situ measurements over four months in the Schwingbach Environmental Observatory (SEO, temperate climate), Germany. Isotopic hydrograph separation indicated that more than 79% of the runoff consisted of pre-event water. Short response times of maximum event water fractions in stream water and groundwater revealed that shallow subsurface flow pathways rapidly delivered water to the stream. Macropore and soil pipe networks along relatively flat areas in stream banks were likely relevant pathways for the rapid transmission of water. Event water contribution increased with increasing precipitation amount. Pre-event water contribution was moderately affected by precipitation, whereas, the antecedent wetness conditions were not strong enough to influence pre-event water contribution. The response time was controlled by mean precipitation intensity. A two-phase system was identified, at which the response times of stream water and groundwater decreased after reaching a threshold of mean precipitation intensity of 0.5 mm h−1. Our results suggest that high temporal resolution measurements of stable isotopes of multiple water sources combined with hydrometrics improve the understanding of the hydrological response behavior and runoff generation mechanisms.

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