A glimpse of the Anthropocene captured by environmental tracers in the groundwater of a fractured aquifer

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliot Chatton ◽  
Thierry Labasque ◽  
Werner Aeschbach ◽  
Virginie Vergnaud ◽  
Aurélie Guillou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Residence Time ◽  
Anthropogenic Impacts ◽  
Environmental Tracers ◽  
Fractured Aquifer ◽  
Groundwater Abstraction ◽  
Global Impact ◽  
Excess Air ◽  
The Impact

<p>The Anthropocene is an epoch in Earth’s history that has been proposed to characterise the global impact of human activities on the Earth's atmosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere, geosphere, i.e. the Critical Zone.</p><p>Just as for past climates, the signature of these anthropogenic impacts are recorded by environmental tracers dissolved in groundwater that could provide a better understanding of groundwater flows, residence time and mixing thus providing information on this major water resource both in terms of quantity and quality.</p><p>In this study, we use dissolved gases (CFCs, SF<sub>6</sub>, <sup>4</sup>He, <sup>14</sup>C, noble gases and VOCs) and groundwater chemical composition as environmental tracers to unveil insights of the Anthropocene in a fractured aquifer in the northwest of France. We analyse the impact of groundwater abstraction on residence time and excess air composition. We evidence the influence of climate change through recharge temperature. We also quantify the appearance of anthropogenic compounds over the last decades.</p><p>These observations enable us to define precisely the anthropogenic limits and distribution within groundwater and thus to gain a better picture of the groundwater resource resilience potential in the future.</p>

Drought Effects on Groundwater in Dobrogea Plateau

2015 ◽  
pp. 119-144
Author(s):  
Doina Drăguşin
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Impact ◽  
Drought Index ◽  
Anthropogenic Impacts ◽  
Economic Issues ◽  
Structural Context ◽  
Piezometric Surface ◽  
Change Impact ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Drought Effects

The study aims to analyse the impact of the drought phenomenon on groundwater in Dobrogea Plateau, taking into account the specific climatic and hydrological factors and especially the geological and structural context in which it delineates the main hydrostructures. The groundwater is subject to climatic and anthropogenic impacts whose weight are difficult to assess, so until now, a hydrogeological drought index was not identified. The effects of climate change impact are reflected in the fluctuations of the piezometric surface of the shallow aquifers, the deepest aquifers being influenced rather by socio-economic issues. To achieve the objective of the research, the available data (climate, hydrological and hydrogeological) were processed using GIS and Excel softs and the results (maps, graphs, tables) were interpreted and correlated in some relevant conclusions.

scholarly journals On the attribution of the impacts of extreme weather events to anthropogenic climate change

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah E Perkins-Kirkpatrick ◽  
Daithi Stone ◽  
Dann M. Mitchell ◽  
Suzanne M. Rosier ◽  
Andrew David King ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Anthropogenic Impacts ◽  
Extreme Weather ◽  
Anthropogenic Climate Change ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Climate Change Signal ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Investigations into the role of anthropogenic climate change in extreme weather events are now starting to extend into analysis of anthropogenic impacts on non-climate (e.g. socio-economic) systems. However, care needs to be taken when making this extension, because methodological choices regarding extreme weather attribution can become crucial when considering the events’ impacts. The fraction of attributable risk (FAR) method, useful in extreme weather attribution research, has a very specific interpretation concerning a class of events, and there is potential to misinterpret results from weather event analyses as being applicable to specific events and their impact outcomes. Using two case studies of meteorological extremes and their impacts, we argue that FAR is not generally appropriate when estimating the magnitude of the anthropogenic signal behind a specific impact. Attribution assessments on impacts should always be carried out in addition to assessment of the associated meteorological event, since it cannot be assumed that the anthropogenic signal behind the weather is equivalent to the signal behind the impact because of lags and nonlinearities in the processes through which the impact system reacts to weather. Whilst there are situations where employing FAR to understand the climate change signal behind a class of impacts is useful (e.g. “system breaking” events), more useful results will generally be produced if attribution questions on specific impacts are reframed to focus on changes in the impact return value and magnitude across large samples of factual and counterfactual climate model and impact simulations. We advocate for constant interdisciplinary collaboration as essential for effective and robust impact attribution assessments.

The Impact of Climate Change on the Chemical Composition of Deep Vadose Zone Waters

10.2113/1.1.3 ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-13
Author(s):  
W. E. Glassley ◽  
J. J. Nitao ◽  
C. W. Grant
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Vadose Zone ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
The Impact

The Impact of Climate Change on Human Resource Management in the Global Economy

2021 ◽  
pp. 99-117
Author(s):  
Sthokozile Mamba ◽  
Andrisha Beharry Ramraj
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Human Resource Management ◽  
Human Resource ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Easy Task ◽  
Global Impact ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Change Concept ◽  
Resource Function

Climate change has a global impact on everyone in their homes and workplaces. It occurs naturally but is also human-induced. It does more bad than good, especially in the workplace of every industry. Human resource functions play a major role in addressing this issue with management structures, employees, customers, and other stakeholders. The effort of reducing climate change is not an easy task, as many still have no belief that it is actually occurring. This chapter seeks to define the human resource function and climate change concept within a global economy.

scholarly journals The Effect of Non-Saccharomyces and Saccharomyces Non-Cerevisiae Yeasts on Ethanol and Glycerol Levels in Wine

Fermentation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nedret Neslihan Ivit ◽  
Rocco Longo ◽  
Belinda Kemp
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Glycerol Content ◽  
Sequential Inoculation ◽  
The Impact

Non-Saccharomyces and Saccharomyces non-cerevisiae studies have increased in recent years due to an interest in uninoculated fermentations, consumer preferences, wine technology, and the effect of climate change on the chemical composition of grapes, juice, and wine. The use of these yeasts to reduce alcohol levels in wines has garnered the attention of researchers and winemakers alike. This review critically analyses recent studies concerning the impact of non-Saccharomyces and Saccharomyces non-cerevisiae on two important parameters in wine: ethanol and glycerol. The influence they have in sequential, co-fermentations, and solo fermentations on ethanol and glycerol content is examined. This review highlights the need for further studies concerning inoculum rates, aeration techniques (amount and flow rate), and the length of time before Saccharomyces cerevisiae sequential inoculation occurs. Challenges include the application of such sequential inoculations in commercial wineries during harvest time.

The Impact of Climate Change on the Chemical Composition of Deep Vadose Zone Waters

2002 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
William E. Glassley ◽  
John J. Nitao ◽  
Charles W. Grant
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Vadose Zone ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals On a Reef Far, Far Away: Anthropogenic Impacts Following Extreme Storms Affect Sponge Health and Bacterial Communities

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Shore ◽  
Jordan A. Sims ◽  
Michael Grimes ◽  
Lauren I. Howe-Kerr ◽  
Carsten G. B. Grupstra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Anthropogenic Impacts ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Benthic Organisms ◽  
Severe Storms ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Offshore Reef

Terrestrial runoff can negatively impact marine ecosystems through stressors including excess nutrients, freshwater, sediments, and contaminants. Severe storms, which are increasing with global climate change, generate massive inputs of runoff over short timescales (hours to days); such runoff impacted offshore reefs in the northwest Gulf of Mexico (NW GoM) following severe storms in 2016 and 2017. Several weeks after coastal flooding from these events, NW GoM reef corals, sponges, and other benthic invertebrates ∼185 km offshore experienced mortality (2016 only) and/or sub-lethal stress (both years). To assess the impact of storm-derived runoff on reef filter feeders, we characterized the bacterial communities of two sponges, Agelas clathrodes and Xestospongia muta, from offshore reefs during periods of sub-lethal stress and no stress over a three-year period (2016—2018). Sponge-associated and seawater-associated bacterial communities were altered during both flood years. Additionally, we found evidence of wastewater contamination (based on 16S rRNA gene libraries and quantitative PCR) in offshore sponge samples, but not in seawater samples, following these flood years. Signs of wastewater contamination were absent during the no-flood year. We show that flood events from severe storms have the capacity to reach offshore reef ecosystems and impact resident benthic organisms. Such impacts are most readily detected if baseline data on organismal physiology and associated microbiome composition are available. This highlights the need for molecular and microbial time series of benthic organisms in near- and offshore reef ecosystems, and the continued mitigation of stormwater runoff and climate change impacts.

Response of karst springs to climate change and anthropogenic activities: the Niangziguan Springs, China

2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 634-649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yonghong Hao ◽  
Yajie Wang ◽  
Yuen Zhu ◽  
Yi Lin ◽  
Jet-Chau Wen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Grey System Theory ◽  
Spring Discharge ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Groundwater Abstraction ◽  
Discharge Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Niangziguan Springs

Discharge from the largest karst spring in north China, the Niangziguan Springs, has been declining since the 1950s. This paper examines the response of these springs to climatic change and anthropogenic influence by attempting a model-based discrimination between phases in the stream discharge record. In Niangziguan Springs Basin, the exploitation of karst groundwater began in 1979. Accordingly, the spring discharge data were divided into two phases: pre-1979 and post-1979. In the first phase (1957—78) the spring discharge was believed to be affected solely by climate change, and in the second phase (1979—2007) the spring discharge was influenced by both climate change and human activities. Using grey system theory, a discharge model was estimated for the first phase. Extrapolating the model, we obtained a projection of the spring discharge during the second phase. Using a water balance calculation, we discerned the respective effects of climate change and human activities on depletion of spring discharge for the second phase. The results show that the contribution of climate change to depletion of Niangziguan Springs is 2.30m3/s and the contribution of anthropogenic activities ranges from 1.89 to 2.90 m3/s, although this assumes a constant for the climate change effect. Accordingly, the anthropogenic effects have been approaching and surpassing the effects of climate change during the second phase. With respect to the impact of human activities on spring discharge, groundwater abstraction accounts for only about 34—52% of the declines; 48—66% of the declines are related to other human activities, such as dewatering from coal mining, dam building and deforestation.

scholarly journals Stochastic and Artificial Intelligence Models for Climate Change Investigation and Groundwater Level Assessment of Gaza Coastal Aquifer (Palestine)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Al-Najjar ◽  
Gokmen Ceribasi ◽  
Emrah Dogan ◽  
Khalid Qahman ◽  
Mazen Abualtayef ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Stochastic Models ◽  
Groundwater Level ◽  
Coastal Aquifer ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Gaza Strip ◽  
Groundwater Abstraction ◽  
The Gaza Strip ◽  
The Impact

The Gaza coastal aquifer is a critical resource for the supply of water to the Gaza Strip and continues to be depleted as a result of the effects of climate change and the anthropogenic activities. Therefore, this study tends to investigate the impact of climate change and groundwater withdrawal practices on the oscillation of the Gaza Coastal Aquifer water table level by recruiting the power of the stochastic time-series models in exemplifying the autoregression of data and by leveraging the efficiency of the artificial neural networks (ANNs) in expressing the nonlinear regression between the different meteorological and hydrological factors. The climate stochastic models reveal that the Gaza Strip region will face a decline in the precipitation by -5.2% and an increase in the temperature by +1˚C in the timeframe of 2020-2040. The potential evaporation and the sunshine period will increase by about 111 mm and 5 hours, respectively during the next 20 years. However, the atmosphere is predicted to be drier where the relative humidity will fall by a trend of -8% in 20 years. The stochastic models developed for the groundwater abstraction time series show that the groundwater pumping processes would increase by about 55 % by 2040, compared to the 124 million cubic meters of groundwater that was withdrawn in 2020. The stochastic model of structure (2,1,5) (4,1,2)12 was defined to extend the time series of the groundwater level up to 2040. In order to form an integrated stochastic-ANN model, the combination of the time series of climate factors, groundwater abstraction and groundwater level were emerged into a one hidden layer ANN of 20-neurons. The performance of the model was high in term of training and in forecasting the future where the correlation coefficient (r) = 0.95-0.99 and the root mean square error (RMSE) = 0.09-0.21.

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