The trans-disciplinary and community-driven subduction zone initiation (SZI) database

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiran Chotalia ◽  
George Cooper ◽  
Fabio Crameri ◽  
Mathew Domeier ◽  
Caroline Eakin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Earth Sciences ◽  
Subduction Zone ◽  
Seismic Tomography ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Plate Motion ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Plate Deformation ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Individual

<p>Numerous studies have provided insights into one of the key problems of the Earth Sciences: subduction zone initiation (SZI). The insights into SZI are both numerous and diverse with evidence from multiple disciplines in Earth Sciences. SZI studies exploit the geological record, reconstruct regional or global plate motion back in time, interpret seismic tomography to identify the tip depth of sunken plate portions, and diagnose theoretical and numerical models of rock and plate deformation based on known physics.</p><p>Getting and keeping an overview over the many discipline-specific advances is challenging for many reasons: one being the dispersed sources of information, another being the missing communication across the individual disciplines. The latter shortcoming also arises from the multiple incompatible scientific jargons currently in use.</p><p>The SZI database now unifies the scientific jargon, and brings together old and new insights relating to SZI into a common, community-wide platform online (<strong>www.SZIdatabase.org</strong>). The SZI database builds bridges between individual communities, opening a community-wide discussion by making SZI data readily available and understandable. This keeps data and knowledge up-to-date, and can therefore provide the most complete picture of our current understanding of SZI.</p><p>In this presentation, we outline where to find, how to use, and why to contribute to the SZI database. This community-wide project has already yielded interesting results regarding the fascinating question about how and where SZI occurs on present-day Earth and back to around 100 Ma. Work thus far suggests <em>‘subduction breeds subduction’</em>, highlighting the beginning of crucial insights from these ongoing cross-disciplinary efforts.</p>

scholarly journals Children’s ability to edit their memories when learning about the environment from credible and noncredible websites

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim P. Roberts ◽  
Katherine R. Wood ◽  
Breanne E. Wylie
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Choice Test ◽  
Multiple Choice Test ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Inaccurate Information ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Many Sources ◽  
Website Content

AbstractOne of the many sources of information easily available to children is the internet and the millions of websites providing accurate, and sometimes inaccurate, information. In the current investigation, we examined children’s ability to use credibility information about websites when learning about environmental sustainability. In two studies, children studied two different websites and were tested on what they had learned a week later using a multiple-choice test containing both website items and new distracters. Children were given either no information about the websites or were told that one of the websites (the noncredible website) contained errors and they should not use any information from that website to answer the test. In both studies, children aged 7- to 9-years reported information from the noncredible website even when instructed not to, whereas the 10- to 12-year-olds used the credibility warning to ‘edit out’ information that they had learned from the noncredible website. In Study 2, there was an indication that the older children spontaneously assessed the credibility of the website if credibility markers were made explicit. A plausible explanation is that, although children remembered information from the websites, they needed explicit instruction to bind the website content with the relevant source (the individual websites). The results have implications for children’s learning in an open-access, digital age where information comes from many sources, credible and noncredible. Education in credibility evaluation may enable children to be critical consumers of information thereby resisting misinformation provided through public sources.

Verification, Validation, and Confirmation of Numerical Models in the Earth Sciences

Science ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 263 (5147) ◽  
pp. 641-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Oreskes ◽  
K. Shrader-Frechette ◽  
K. Belitz
Keyword(s):  
Earth Sciences ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
The Earth

Shallow-depth slab decarbonation prevents recharge of the deep carbon cycle

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonie Strobl ◽  
Andreas Beinlich ◽  
Markus Ohl ◽  
Oliver Plümper
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Cycle ◽  
Subduction Zone ◽  
Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Concentration ◽  
Oceanic Lithosphere ◽  
Aqueous Fluid ◽  
Shallow Depth ◽  
Plate Motion ◽  
The Earth

<p>Long-term oscillations of the Earth’s atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration and climate are intrinsically linked to tectonic plate motion controlling CO<sub>2</sub> uptake in rocks, their transport into the Earth’s mantle and recycling back into the atmosphere by volcanic activity. In this long-term deep carbon cycle, the efficiency of mantle ingassing is controlled by the stability of carbon carrier phases at subduction zone pressure-temperature conditions, during deformation and their interaction with subduction zone dehydration fluids. However, the current understanding of carbonate stability under these conditions is controversial. This is reflected by studies predicting carbonate transport deep into the asthenospheric mantle [1, 2] in contrast to more recently postulated shallow-depth carbon release from subducting slabs [e.g. 3]. Some of this controversy is related to the lack of available field sites that allow for the quantification of subduction-related decarbonation and its driving force. Here we present novel observations on the release of carbon during subduction of previously carbonated, ultramafic, oceanic lithosphere. Our observations are based on a recently discovered, exceptionally well-exposed, outcrop in northern Norway [4] containing frozen-in decarbonation reaction textures at the km scale. Our observations and textural analyses indicate breakdown of magnesium carbonate and serpentine to secondary olivine at depths shallower than 20 km. Secondary olivine is present as up to fist-sized nodules pseudomorphically replacing magnesite and as veins delineating escape pathways for the carbon-bearing aqueous fluid. We present first field observations and reaction textures and will discuss implications for the efficiency of carbon transport into the Earth’s mantle by subduction of carbonate-bearing oceanic lithosphere.</p><p>[1] Kerrick, D.M. & Connolly, J.A.D. (1998). Geology <strong>26</strong>, 375-378.</p><p>[2] Dasgupta, R. & Hirschmann, M.M. (2010). EPSL <strong>298, </strong>1-13.</p><p>[3] Kelemen, P.B. & Manning, C.E. (2015). PNAS <strong>112</strong>, E3997-E4006.</p><p>[4] Beinlich, A., Plümper, O., Hövelmann, J., Austrheim, H. & Jamtveit, B. (2012). Terra Nova <strong>24, </strong>446-455.</p>

Geographical aspects of the diffusion of passive houses

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Kozma ◽  
E. Molnár ◽  
K. Czimre ◽  
J. Pénzes
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Substantial Part ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Passive House ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Passive Houses ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Geographical Locations ◽  
Over Time

Abstract In our days, energy issues belong to the most important problems facing the Earth and the solution may be expected partly from decreasing the amount of the energy used and partly from the increased utilisation of renewable energy resources. A substantial part of energy consumption is related to buildings and includes, inter alia, the use for cooling/heating, lighting and cooking purposes. In the view of the above, special attention has been paid to minimising the energy consumption of buildings since the late 1980s. Within the framework of that, the passive house was created, a building in which the thermal comfort can be achieved solely by postheating or postcooling of the fresh air mass without a need for recirculated air. The aim of the paper is to study the changes in the construction of passive houses over time. In addition, the differences between the geographical locations and the observable peculiarities with regard to the individual building types are also presented.

DARCY RIBEIRO UNIVERSITY CAMPUS MAP – 2017- TECHNICAL NOTE

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Sanzio Araújo dos Anjos ◽  
Jose Leandro de Araujo Conceição ◽  
Jõao Emanuel ◽  
Matheus Nunes
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Technical Note ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Communication Tool ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Data Manipulation ◽  
Geographic Space ◽  
The Many ◽  
New Generation

The spatial information regarding the use of territory is one of the many strategies used to answer and to inform about what happened, what is happening and what may happen in geographic space. Therefore, the mapping of land use as a communication tool for the spatial data made significant progress in improving sources of information, especially over the last few decades, with new generation remote sensing products for data manipulation.

A Handbook to Eddic Poetry: Myths and Legends of Early Scandinavia, ed. Carolyne Larrington, Judy Quinn, and Brittany Schorn. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2016, xii, 413 pp., 12 b/w ill.

Mediaevistik ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 366-366
Author(s):  
Albrecht Classen
Keyword(s):  
Old Norse ◽  
Entire Volume ◽  
Cambridge University ◽  
Critical Studies ◽  
Individual Contributions ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Made In ◽  
Scandinavian Literature

Eddic poetry constitutes one of the most important genres in Old Norse or Scandinavian literature and has been studied since the earliest time of modern-day philology. The progress we have made in that field is impressive, considering the many excellent editions and translations, not to mention the countless critical studies in monographs and articles. Nevertheless, there is always a great need to revisit, to summarize, to review, and to digest the knowledge gained so far. The present handbook intends to address all those goals and does so, to spell it out right away, exceedingly well. But in contrast to traditional concepts, the individual contributions constitute fully developed critical article, each with a specialized topic elucidating it as comprehensively as possible, and concluding with a section of notes. Those are kept very brief, but the volume rounds it all off with an inclusive, comprehensive bibliography. And there is also a very useful index at the end. At the beginning, we find, following the table of contents, a list of the contributors, unfortunately without emails, a list of translations and abbreviations of the titles of Eddic poems in the Codex Regius and then elsewhere, and a very insightful and pleasant introduction by Carolyne Larrington. She briefly introduces the genre and then summarizes the essential points made by the individual authors. The entire volume is based on the Eddic Network established by the three editors in 2012, and on two workshops held at St. John’s College, Oxford in 2013 and 2014.

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