Petrogenesis and Lu–Hf dating of (ultra)mafic rocks from the Kutná Hora Crystalline Complex: implications for the Devonian evolution of the Bohemian Massif

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Kotková ◽  
Lukáš Ackerman ◽  
Renata Čopjaková ◽  
Jiří Sláma ◽  
Jakub Trubač ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Element ◽  
Oceanic Crust ◽  
Bohemian Massif ◽  
Lithospheric Mantle ◽  
Mantle Wedge ◽  
Mantle Melting ◽  
Crystalline Complex ◽  
Crustal Rocks ◽  
Asthenospheric Mantle ◽  
Basaltic Melts

<p>Orogenic garnet peridotites with associated garnet pyroxenites and eclogites in the (U)HP-(U)HT terranes provide insight into mantle melting and subduction-related metamorphism in collisional orogenic belts. Here we demonstrate that they also represent unique tracers of early subduction processes in the internal part of the European Variscan Belt, where subsequent high-temperature processes affect thermochronometers in crustal rocks. Our study focused on several localities within the Kutná Hora Crystalline Complex (KHCC), a key area for the evolution of the Variscan Bohemian Massif due to its position, evidence for a deep crustal subduction (diamond in granulites) and complete geochronological record.</p><p>The mantle rocks show highly variable petrographical and geochemical characteristics reflecting derivation from contrasting mantle sources which have undergone both mantle melting and enrichment due to subduction-related metasomatism.  While the Úhrov lherzolite has trace element and Sr–Nd–Hf composition similar to depleted oceanic asthenospheric mantle, the composition of the Bečváry lherzolite reflects extensive refertilization by basaltic melts associated with Grt±Cpx precipitation. Multiple solid inclusions (MSI) trapped in garnet, dominated by Ti and Fe-Ti oxides (rutile, ilmenite), represent relics of Ti-rich low-degree basaltic partial melt. Minor hornblende/phlogopite and carbonate reflect mantle metasomatism by H<sub>2</sub>O±CO<sub>2</sub>-bearing fluids. Highly to mildly radiogenic Sr–Nd–Hf–Os isotopic compositions along with negative HFSE anomalies in clinopyroxene indicate only a very small contribution of recycled crustal component. The Doubrava peridotites exhibit marked petrographic variability ranging from harzburgite to composite dunite-wehrlite/olivine-bearing pyroxenite assemblage and contrasting geochemical patterns. This can be best explained by interaction between depleted protolith and SiO<sub>2</sub>-undersaturated melt with small proportion of recycled crust (~5 % when subducted oceanic crust is considered). The KHCC eclogites show diverse origins, involving products of high-pressure crystal accumulation from mantle-derived basaltic melts, or a fragment of MORB-like gabbroic cumulate and crustal-derived material both metamorphosed at HT–HP conditions.</p><p>The Úhrov peridotite yields Lu–Hf age of 395 ± 23 Ma, interpreted as dating garnet growth based on detailed examination of trace element garnet zoning. By contrast, eclogites yield younger Lu–Hf ages of ~350 and 330 Ma, respectively, representing mixed ages as demonstrated by garnet trace element zoning and a strong granulite-facies overprint.</p><p>We propose a refined model for Devonian–Carboniferous evolution of the Bohemian Massif,   with the subduction of the oceanic crust and associated oceanic asthenospheric mantle beneath the Teplá–Barrandian at ~400 Ma related to closure of the Saxothuringian ocean between Gondwana-derived microcontinents. The overlaying lithospheric mantle wedge was refertilized by fluids/melts. Oceanic subduction passed to continental subduction of the Saxothuringian crust (~370–360 Ma?) accompanied by the break-off  of the eclogitized oceanic crust facilitating incorporation of the upwelling asthenospheric mantle into the Moldanubian lithospheric mantle wedge. Subsequent collision and coeval exhumation of mantle and crustal rocks occurred at ~350–330 Ma and might be associated with mixing/mingling of crustal-derived melts and mafic lithologies producing the observed geochemical and geochronological signatures.</p>

Petrogenesis and Lu–Hf Dating of (Ultra)Mafic Rocks from the Kutná Hora Crystalline Complex: Implications for the Devonian Evolution of the Bohemian Massif

2020 ◽  
Vol 61 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukáš Ackerman ◽  
Jana Kotková ◽  
Renata Čopjaková ◽  
Jiří Sláma ◽  
Jakub Trubač ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Element ◽  
Bohemian Massif ◽  
Lithospheric Mantle ◽  
Granulite Facies ◽  
Ultrahigh Pressure ◽  
Garnet Growth ◽  
Crystalline Complex ◽  
Crustal Rocks ◽  
Asthenospheric Mantle ◽  
Oceanic Slab

Abstract The Lu–Hf isotope system and Sr–Nd–Hf–Os isotope systematics of mantle rocks are capable of unravelling the early processes in collision belts, especially in a hot subduction context where the Sm–Nd and U–Pb systems in crustal rocks are prone to resetting owing to high temperatures and interaction with melts during exhumation. To improve models of the Devonian–Carboniferous evolution of the Bohemian Massif, we investigated in detail mafic and ultramafic rocks (eclogite, pyroxenite, and peridotite) from the ultrahigh-pressure and ultrahigh-temperature Kutná Hora Crystalline Complex (KHCC: Úhrov, Bečváry, Doubrava, and Spačice localities). Petrography, multiphase solid inclusions, major and trace element compositions of rocks and minerals, and radiogenic isotopic data document contrasting sources and protoliths as well as effects of subduction-related processes for these rocks. The Úhrov peridotite has a depleted composition corresponding to the suboceanic asthenospheric mantle, whereas Bečváry and Doubrava peridotites represent lithospheric mantle that underwent melt refertilization by basaltic and SiO2-undersaturated melts, respectively. Multiphase solid inclusions enclosed in garnet from Úhrov and Bečváry peridotites represent trapped H2O ± CO2-bearing metasomatizing agents and Fe–Ti-rich melts. The KHCC eclogites either formed by high-pressure crystal accumulation from mantle-derived basaltic melts (Úhrov) or represent a fragment of mid-ocean ridge basalt-like gabbroic cumulate (Spačice) and crustal-derived material (Doubrava) both metamorphosed at high P–T conditions. The Lu–Hf age of 395 ± 23 Ma obtained for the Úhrov peridotite reflects garnet growth related to burial of the asthenospheric mantle during subduction of the oceanic slab. By contrast, Spačice and Doubrava eclogites yield younger Lu–Hf ages of ∼350 and 330 Ma, respectively, representing mixed ages as demonstrated by the strong granulite-facies overprint and trace element zoning in garnet grains. We propose a refined model for the Early Variscan evolution of the Bohemian Massif starting with the subduction of the oceanic crust (Saxothuringian ocean) and associated oceanic asthenospheric mantle (Úhrov) beneath the Teplá–Barrandian at ≥380 Ma, which was responsible for melt refertilization of the associated mantle wedge (Bečváry, Doubrava). This was followed by continental subduction (∼370–360 Ma?) accompanied by the oceanic slab break-off and incorporation of the upwelling asthenospheric mantle into the Moldanubian lithospheric mantle and subsequent coeval exhumation of mantle and crustal rocks at ∼350–330 Ma.

Granitic magmas: possible and impossible sources, water contents, and crystallization sequences

1976 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1007-1019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Wyllie ◽  
Wuu-Liang Huang ◽  
Charles R. Stern ◽  
Sven Maaløe
Keyword(s):  
Continental Crust ◽  
Oceanic Crust ◽  
Mantle Wedge ◽  
Regional Metamorphism ◽  
Mantle Peridotite ◽  
Ocean Crust ◽  
Crustal Rocks ◽  
Subducted Oceanic Crust ◽  
Water Contents ◽  
Phase Relationships

The calc-alkalic rocks of batholiths or their precursors may be generated in deep continental crust, in subducted oceanic crust, in the mantle wedge above, or in processes involving material from all three sources. For the series gabbro–tonalite–granite, we have phase relationships with excess H2O to 35 kbar (3500 MPa), and the H2O-undersaturated liquidus surfaces mapped with contours for H2O contents and with fields for near-liquidus minerals. Isobaric diagrams with low H2O contents provide grids potentially useful in defining limits for the H2O content of magmas, based on the sequence of crystallization. Conclusions from the experimental framework include: (1) The H2O content of large granitic bodies is less than 1.5%. (2) Primary granite magmas can not be derived from the mantle or subducted ocean crust. (3) Primary granite magmas with low H2O content are generated in the crust, and erupted as rhyolites. (4) Primary tonalite and andesite are not generated from mantle peridotite; the H2O contents required are unrealistically high. (5) Primary tonalite and andesite are not generated in the crust unless temperatures are significantly higher than those of regional metamorphism. (6) Subducted ocean crust yields magmas with intermediate SiO2 content, but not primary tonalite and andesite. (7) Batholiths are produced from crustal rocks as a normal consequence of regional metamorphism, with the formation of H2O-undersaturated granite liquid and mobilized migmatites. Some batholiths receive in addition contributions of material and heat from mantle and subducted ocean crust.

Trace-element and Nd isotopic variations in Early Proterozoic dyke swarms emplaced in the vicinity of the Kapuskasing structural zone: enriched mantle or assimilation and fractional crystallization (AFC) process?

1991 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Boily ◽  
J. N. Ludden
Keyword(s):  
Trace Element ◽  
Fractional Crystallization ◽  
Lower Crust ◽  
Crustal Material ◽  
Early Proterozoic ◽  
Crustal Rocks ◽  
Asthenospheric Mantle ◽  
Enriched Mantle ◽  
Element Enrichment ◽  
Dyke Swarms

Several Early Proterozoic Hearst–Matachewan (2.454 Ga), Kapuskasing (2.14 Ga), and Preissac (2.04 Ga) dykes were emplaced within the Archean crust surrounding the Kapuskasing structural zone (KSZ). The dykes are composed of moderately to highly fractionated tholeiitic basalts (Mg number = 24–55) that exhibit trace-element characteristics similar to those of intraplate basaltic magmas or ocean–island basalts (e.g., Zr/Nb = 6–21, Zr/Y = 2–5, high TiO2 = 0.9–3.2 wt.%, and (Fe2O3)t = 12.4–18.7 wt.%). Their initial Nd isotopic compositions display a range of depleted [Formula: see text] to enriched [Formula: see text] values that are negatively correlated with the degree of light rare-earth element enrichment. We evaluate two models for the origin of these dykes: (i) The basaltic parental magmas were derived from two distinct sources, an isotopically depleted asthenospheric mantle (εNd = +4 and La/Sm = 2.7) and an isotopically enriched lithospheric(?) mantle (εNd = −4 to−8 and La/Sm = 5.1). The magmas subsequently underwent mixing and fractionation during ascent in the mantle or the lower crust. (ii) The parental magmas originated from a homogeneous Nd isotopically depleted asthenospheric mantle but later assimilated a substantial amount of Archean crustal material upon fractionation and ascent in the lower crust. Results derived for the latter model preclude any participation of the exposed crustal rocks in the KSZ, and the assimilation and fractional crystallization (AFC) model remains a viable hypothesis only if the parental magmas assimilated an older and perhaps more isotopically enriched crust than that represented in the KSZ.

Magnesium isotope constraints on contributions of recycled oceanic crust and lithospheric mantle to generation of intraplate basalts in a big mantle wedge

Lithos ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 106327
Author(s):  
Song-Yue Yu ◽  
Yi-Gang Xu ◽  
Kang-Jun Huang ◽  
Jiang-Bo Lan ◽  
Lie-Meng Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oceanic Crust ◽  
Lithospheric Mantle ◽  
Mantle Wedge ◽  
Magnesium Isotope

scholarly journals Major-trace element and Sr-Nd isotope compositions of mafic dykes of the Singhbhum Craton: Insights into evolution of the lithospheric mantle

Lithos ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 382-383 ◽  
pp. 105959
Author(s):  
Om Prakash Pandey ◽  
Klaus Mezger ◽  
Dewashish Upadhyay ◽  
Debajyoti Paul ◽  
Ajay Kumar Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Element ◽  
Lithospheric Mantle ◽  
Nd Isotope ◽  
Mafic Dykes ◽  
Singhbhum Craton

Geochemistry and geochronology of OIB-type, Early Jurassic magmatism in the Zhangguangcai range, NE China, as a result of continental back-arc extension

2018 ◽  
Vol 158 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangying Feng ◽  
Yildirim Dilek ◽  
Xiaolu Niu ◽  
Fei Liu ◽  
Jingsui Yang
Keyword(s):  
East Asia ◽  
Trace Element ◽  
Partial Melting ◽  
Early Jurassic ◽  
Ne China ◽  
Mafic Rocks ◽  
Asthenospheric Mantle ◽  
Trace Element Contents ◽  
Pacific Slab ◽  
Back Arc

AbstractThe Zhangguangcai Range in the Xing’an Mongolian Orogenic Belt, NE China, contains Early Jurassic (c. 188 Ma) Dabaizigou (DBZG) porphyritic dolerite. Compared with other island-arc mafic rocks, the DBZG dolerite is characterized by high trace-element contents, relatively weak Nb and Ta enrichments, and no Zr, Hf or Ti depletions, similar to OIB-type rocks. Analysed rocks have (87Sr/86Sr)i ratios of 0.7033–0.7044, relatively uniform positive ɛNd(t) values of 2.3–3.2 and positive ɛHf(t) values of 8.5–17.1. Trace-element and isotopic modelling indicates that the DBZG mafic rocks were generated by partial melting of asthenospheric mantle under garnet- to spinel-facies conditions. The occurrence of OIB-like mafic intrusion suggests significant upwelling of the asthenosphere in response to lithospheric attenuation caused by continental rifting. These processes occurred in an incipient continental back-arc environment in the upper plate of a palaeo-Pacific slab subducting W–NW beneath East Asia.

scholarly journals Miocene and Pliocene Silicic Coromandel Volcanic Zone Tephras from ODP Site 1124-C: Petrogenetic Applications and Temporal Evolution

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Matthew Thomas Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Trace Element ◽  
Mantle Wedge ◽  
Major Element ◽  
Volcanic Glass ◽  
Fractional Crystallisation ◽  
Volcanic Zone ◽  
Arc Magmas ◽  
Glass Shard ◽  
Tephra Layers ◽  
Glass Shards

<p>The Coromandel Volcanic Zone (CVZ) was the longest-lived area of volcanism in New Zealand hosting the commencement of large explosive rhyolitic and ignimbrite forming eruptions. The NW trending Coromandel Peninsula is the subaerial remnant of the Miocene-Pliocene CVZ, which is regarded as a tectonic precursor to the Taupo Volcanic Zone (TVZ), currently the most dynamic and voluminous rhyolitic volcanic centre on Earth. This study presents new single glass shard major and trace element geochemical analyses for 72 high-silica volcanic tephra layers recovered from well-dated deep-sea sediments of the SW Pacific Ocean by the Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Leg 181. ODP Site 1124, ~720 km south and east from the CVZ, penetrated sediments of the Rekohu Drift yielding an unprecedented record of major explosive volcanic eruptions owing to the favourable location and preservation characteristics at this site. This record extends onshore eruptive sequences of CVZ explosive volcanism that are obscured by poor exposure, alteration, and erosion and burial by younger volcanic deposits. Tephra layers recovered from Site 1124 are well-dated through a combination of biostratigraphic and palaeomagnetic methods allowing the temporal geochemical evolution of the CVZ to be reconstructed in relation to changes in the petrogenesis of CVZ arc magmas from ~ 10 to 2 Ma. This thesis establishes major and trace element geochemical "fingerprints" for all Site 1124-C tephras using well-established (wavelength dispersive electron probe microanalysis) and new (laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry) in situ single glass shard microanalytical techniques. Trace element analysis of Site 1124-C glass shards (as small as 20 um) demonstrate that trace element signatures offer a more specific, unequivocal characterisation for distinguishing (and potentially correlating) between tephras with nearly identical major element compositions. The Site 1124-C core contains 72 unaltered Miocene-Pliocene volcanic glass-shard-bearing laminae > 1 cm thick that correspond to 83 or 84 geochemical eruptive units. Revised eruptive frequencies based on the number of geochemical eruptive units identified represent at least one eruption every 99 kyr for the late Miocene and one per 74 kyr for the Pliocene. The frequency of tephra deposition throughout the history of the CVZ has not been constant, rather reflecting pulses of major explosive eruptions resulting in closely clustered groups of tephra separated by periods of reduced activity, relative volcanic quiescence or non-tephra deposition. As more regular activity became prevalent in the Pliocene, it was accompanied by more silicic magma compositions. Rhyolitic volcanic glass shards are characterised by predominantly calc-alkaline and minor high-K enriched major element compositions. Major element compositional variability of the tephras deposited between 10 Ma and 2 Ma reveals magma batches with pre-eruptive compositional gradients implying a broad control by fractional crystallisation. Trace element characterisation of glass shards reveals the role of magmatic processes that are not readily apparent in the relatively homogeneous major element compositions. Multi-element diagrams show prominent negative Sr and Ti anomalies against primitive mantle likely caused by various degrees of plagioclase and titanomagnetite fractional crystallisation in shallow magma chambers. Relative Nb depletion, characteristic of arc volcanism, is moderate in CVZ tephras. HFSEs (e.g. Nb, Zr, Ti) and HREEs (e.g. Yb, Lu) remain immobile during slab fluid flux suggesting they are derived from the mantle wedge. LILE (e.g. Rb, Cs, Ba, Sr) and LREE (e.g. La, Ce) enrichments are consistent with slab fluid contribution. B/La and Li/Y ratios can be used as a proxy for the flux of subducting material to the mantle wedge, they suggest there is a strong influence from this component in the generation of CVZ arc magmas, potentially inducing melting. CVZ tephra show long-term coherent variability in trace element geochemistry. Post ~ 4 Ma tephras display a more consistent, less variable, chemical fingerprint that persists up to and across the CVZ/TVZ transition at ~ 2 Ma. Initiation of TVZ volcanism may have occurred earlier than is presently considered, or CVZ to TVZ volcanism may have occurred without significant changes in magma generation processes.</p>

Late Eocene post-collisional magmatic rocks from the southern Qiangtang terrane record the melting of pre-collisional enriched lithospheric mantle

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Qi ◽  
Qiang Wang ◽  
Gang-jian Wei ◽  
Xiu-Zheng Zhang ◽  
Wei Dan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Trace Element ◽  
Partial Melting ◽  
Early Cretaceous ◽  
Lithospheric Mantle ◽  
Late Eocene ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Mafic Rocks ◽  
Isotopic Compositions ◽  
Qiangtang Terrane

Diverse rock types and contrasting geochemical compositions of post-collisional mafic rocks across the Tibetan Plateau indicate that the underlying enriched lithospheric mantle is heterogeneous; however, how these enriched mantle sources were formed is still debated. The accreted terranes within the Tibetan Plateau experienced multiple stages of evolution. To track the geochemical characteristics of their associated lithospheric mantle through time, we can use mantle-derived magmas to constrain the mechanism of mantle enrichment. We report zircon U-Pb ages, major and trace element contents, and Sr-Nd isotopic compositions for Early Cretaceous and late Eocene mafic rocks in the southern Qiangtang terrane. The Early Cretaceous Baishagang basalts (107.3 Ma) are characterized by low K2O/Na2O (&lt;1.0) ratios, arc-like trace element patterns, and uniform Sr-Nd isotopic compositions [(87Sr/86Sr)i = 0.7067−0.7073, εNd(t) = −0.4 to −0.2]. We suggest that the Baishagang basalts were derived from partial melting of enriched lithospheric mantle that was metasomatized by subducted Bangong−Nujiang oceanic material. We establish the geochemistry of the pre-collisional enriched lithospheric mantle under the southern Qiangtang terrane by combining our data with those from other Early Cretaceous mafic rocks in the region. The late Eocene (ca. 35 Ma) post-collisional rocks in the southern Qiangtang terrane have low K2O/Na2O (&lt;1.0) ratios, and their major element, trace element, and Sr-Nd isotopic compositions [(87Sr/86Sr)i = 0.7042−0.7072, εNd(t) = −4.5 to +1.5] are similar to those of the Early Cretaceous mafic rocks. Based on the distribution, melting depths, and whole-rock geochemical compositions of the Early Cretaceous and late Eocene mafic rocks, we argue that the primitive late Eocene post-collisional rocks were derived from pre-collisional enriched lithospheric mantle, and the evolved samples were produced by assimilation and fractional crystallization of primary basaltic magma. Asthenosphere upwelling in response to the removal of lithospheric mantle induced the partial melting of enriched lithospheric mantle at ca. 35 Ma.

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