The Effect of Pore Water Velocity on the Spectral Induced Polarization Signature of Porous Media

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nimrod Schwartz ◽  
Kuzma Tsukanov ◽  
Itamar Assa
Keyword(s):  
Porous Media ◽  
Relaxation Time ◽  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Fluid Velocity ◽  
Synthetic Data ◽  
Induced Polarization ◽  
Bulk Fluid ◽  
Noninvasive Measurements ◽  
The Impact

<p>Induced polarization (IP) is increasingly applied for hydrological, environmental and agricultural purposes. Interpretation of IP data is based on understanding the relationship between the IP signature and the porous media property of interest. Mechanistic models on the IP phenomenon relay on the Poisson-Nernst-Plank equations, where diffusion and electromigration fluxes are the driving forces of charge transport, and are directly related to IP. However, to our knowledge, the impact of advection flux on IP was not investigated experimentally, and was not considered in any IP model. In this work, we measured the spectral IP (SIP) signature of porous media under varying flow conditions, in addition to developing and solving a model for SIP signature of porous media, which takes flow into consideration. The experimental and the model results demonstrate that as bulk velocity increases, polarization and relaxation time decrease. Using a numerical model, we established that fluid flow near the particle deforms the structure of the electrical double layer (EDL), accounting for the observed decrease in polarization. Using simple physical arguments, we developed a new model for the relaxation time, taking into account the impact of bulk fluid velocity. The model and the measured and synthetic data were found to be in good agreement. Overall, our results demonstrate the sensitivity of the SIP signature to fluid flow, highlighting the need for considering fluid velocity in the interpretation of the SIP signature of porous media, and opening an exciting new direction for noninvasive measurements of fluid flow at the EDL scale.     </p>

Experimental Study of Natural Ions and Rock Interactions for Seawater Breakthrough Percentage Monitoring during Offshore Seawater Flooding

SPE Journal ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Yanqing Wang ◽  
Xiang Li ◽  
Jun Lu
Keyword(s):  
Porous Media ◽  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Barium Sulfate ◽  
Large Deviation ◽  
Exchange Process ◽  
Reaction Model ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Flow In Porous Media ◽  
Formation Water ◽  
The Impact

Summary Seawater breakthrough percentage monitoring is critical for offshore oil reservoirs because seawater fraction is an important parameter for estimating the severity of many flow assurance issues caused by seawater injection and further developing effective strategies to mitigate the impact of those issues on production. The validation of using natural ions as a tracer to calculate the seawater fraction was investigated systematically by studying the natural chemical composition evolution in porous media using coreflood tests and static bottle tests. The applicable range of ions was discussed based on the interaction between ion and rock. The barium sulfate reactive model was improved by integrating interaction between ions and rock as well as fluid flow effect. The results indicate that chloride and sodium interact with rock, but the influence of the interaction can be minimized to a negligible level because of the high concentrations of chloride and sodium. Thus, chloride and sodium can be used as conservative tracers during the seawater flooding process. However, adsorption/desorption may have a large influence on chloride and sodium concentrations under the scenario that both injection water and formation water have low chloride and sodium content. Bromide shows negligible interaction with rock even at low concentrations and can be regarded as being conservative. The application of a barium and sulfate reaction model in coreflood tests does not work as well as in bottle tests because fluid flow in porous media and ion interaction with rock is not taken into account. Although sulfate and barium adsorption on clay is small, it should not be neglected. The barium sulfate reaction model was improved based on the simulation of ion transport in porous media. Cations (magnesium, calcium, and potassium) are involved in the complicated cation-exchange process, which causes large deviation. Therefore, magnesium, calcium, and potassium are not recommended to calculate seawater fraction. Boron, which exists as anions in formation water and is used as a conservative tracer, has significant interactions with core matrix, and using boron in an ion tracking method directly can significantly underestimate the seawater fraction. The results give guidelines on selecting suitable ions as tracers to determine seawater breakthrough percentages under different production scenarios.

The Impact of Pore Size and Pore Connectivity on Single-Phase Fluid Flow in Porous Media

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 208-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeyun Jiang ◽  
Kejian Wu ◽  
Gary D. Couples ◽  
Jingsheng Ma
Keyword(s):  
Porous Media ◽  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Pore Size ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Flow In Porous Media ◽  
Pore Connectivity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Phase Fluid

scholarly journals Inverse design of microchannel fluid flow networks using Turing pattern dehomogenization

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 2203-2210
Author(s):  
Ercan M. Dede ◽  
Yuqing Zhou ◽  
Tsuyoshi Nomura
Keyword(s):  
Porous Media ◽  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Fluid Velocity ◽  
Flow Distribution ◽  
Reaction Diffusion ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Reaction Diffusion Equations ◽  
Turing Pattern ◽  
Space Filling

Abstract Microchannel reactors are critical in biological plus energy-related applications and require meticulous design of hundreds-to-thousands of fluid flow channels. Such systems commonly comprise intricate space-filling microstructures to control the fluid flow distribution for the reaction process. Traditional flow channel design schemes are intuition-based or utilize analytical rule-based optimization strategies that are oversimplified for large-scale domains of arbitrary geometry. Here, a gradient-based optimization method is proposed, where effective porous media and fluid velocity vector design information is exploited and linked to explicit microchannel parameterizations. Reaction-diffusion equations are then utilized to generate space-filling Turing pattern microchannel flow structures from the porous media field. With this computationally efficient and broadly applicable technique, precise control of fluid flow distribution is demonstrated across large numbers (on the order of hundreds) of microchannels.

Minimising the impact of sub-resolution features on fluid flow simulation in porous media

2021 ◽  
pp. 109055
Author(s):  
Traiwit Chung ◽  
Ying Da Wang ◽  
Ryan T. Armstrong ◽  
Peyman Mostaghimi
Keyword(s):  
Porous Media ◽  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Flow Simulation ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Evaluation of equivalent hydraulic aperture (EHA) for rough rock fractures

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (10) ◽  
pp. 1486-1501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Xiao ◽  
Zhiye Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Rock Fracture ◽  
Fluid Velocity ◽  
Surrogate Models ◽  
Rock Fractures ◽  
Parallel Plates ◽  
Characteristic Parameters ◽  
Fracture Roughness ◽  
Hydraulic Aperture ◽  
The Impact

Most existing models for fluid transportation within a single rock fracture tend to use a channel with two smooth parallel plates, whereas real fracture surfaces are usually rough and tortuous, which can produce a flow field significantly different from the smooth plate model. For fluid flow in a rough fracture, there are surface concave areas (SCA), where the fluid velocity is extremely low, contributing little to the fluid transportation. It is of great significance to quantitatively evaluate the impact of rough surfaces on fluid flow. Therefore, a numerical model for simulating Newtonian fluid through rough fractures is proposed, where synthetic surfaces are generated according to statistical analysis of natural rock fractures and can be quantified by several characteristic parameters. Equivalent hydraulic aperture (EHA) is proposed as one quantitative indicator for evaluating the impact of fracture roughness. Systematic studies were conducted for evaluating EHAs of rough fractures, which, combined with characteristic parameters of fractures, are used to build surrogate models for EHA prediction. It is found that the EHA is directly correlated with the fracture roughness, the mean mechanical aperture, and the standard deviation of aperture distribution. The developed surrogate models were verified to have a high accuracy for EHA prediction.

scholarly journals Dynamic permeability of porous rocks and its seismic signatures

Geophysics ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. E149-E158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias M. Müller ◽  
Gracjan Lambert ◽  
Boris Gurevich
Keyword(s):  
Porous Media ◽  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Dispersion Model ◽  
Seismic Attenuation ◽  
Flow In Porous Media ◽  
Equivalent Permeability ◽  
Dynamic Equivalent ◽  
Wave Induced ◽  
Attenuation And Dispersion ◽  
The Impact

In inhomogeneous porous media, the mechanism of wave-induced fluid flow causes significant attenuation and dispersion of seismic waves. In connection with this phenomenon, we study the impact of spatial permeability fluctuations on the dynamic behavior of porous materials. This heterogeneous permeability distribution further complicates the ongoing efforts to extract flow permeability from seismic data. Based on the method of statistical smoothing applied to Biot’s equations of poroelasticity, we derive models for the dynamic-equivalent permeability in 1D and 3D randomly inhomogeneous media. The low-frequency limit of this permeability corresponds to the flow permeability governing fluid flow in porous media. We incorporate the dynamic-equivalent permeability model into the expressions for attenuation and dispersion of P-waves, also obtained by the method of smoothing. The resulting attenuation and dispersion model is confirmed by numerical computations in randomly layered poroelastic structures. The results suggest that the effect of wave-induced fluid flow can be observed in a broader frequency range than previously thought. The peak attenuation shifts along the frequency axis depending on the strength of the permeability fluctuations. We conclude that estimation of flow permeability from seismic attenuation is only possible if permeability fluctuations are properly accounted for.

Fluid-structural dynamics of ground-based and microgravity caloric tests

2005 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-107
Author(s):  
M. Kassemi ◽  
J.G. Oas ◽  
Dimitri Deserranno
Keyword(s):  
Natural Convection ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Density Variation ◽  
Microgravity Environment ◽  
Bulk Fluid ◽  
Basic Premise ◽  
Caloric Stimulation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Orbiting Spacecraft ◽  
Caloric Tests

Microgravity caloric tests aboard the 1983 SpaceLab1 mission produced nystagmus results with an intensity comparable to those elicited during post- and pre- flight tests, thus contradicting the basic premise of Barany's convection hypothesis for caloric stimulation. In this work, we present a dynamic fluid structural analysis of the caloric stimulation of the lateral semicircular canal based on two simultaneous driving forces for the endolymphatic flow: natural convection driven by the temperature-dependent density variation in the bulk fluid and expansive convection caused by direct volumetric displacement of the endolymph during the thermal irrigation. Direct numerical simulations indicate that on earth, the natural convection mechanism is dominant. But in the microgravity environment of orbiting spacecraft, where buoyancy effects are mitigated, expansive convection becomes the sole mechanism for producing cupular displacement. A series of transient 1 g and microgravity case studies are presented to delineate the differences between the dynamics of the 1 g and microgravity endolymphatic flows. The impact of these different flow dynamics on the endolymph-cupula fluid-structural interactions is also analyzed based on the time evolutions of cupular displacement and velocity and the transcupular pressure differences.

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