River Breezes in the Central Amazon: Cluster Analysis of Meteorological and Chemical Data Sets Collected by an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianning Zhao ◽  
Jianhuai Ye ◽  
Igor Ribeiro ◽  
Yongjing Ma ◽  
Hui-Ming Hung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Vertical Profiles ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Large Eddy ◽  
Industrial Fire ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Local Atmospheric Circulation ◽  
Measured Wind Speed

<p>Local atmospheric circulation induced by wide rivers in Amazonia can strongly affect the transport of urban, industrial, fire, and forest emissions. Herein, a copter-type unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) operated from a boat was used to collect vertical profiles of meteorological parameters and chemical concentrations during Sep-Oct 2019 of the dry season. Sensor packages mounted on the UAV measured wind speed and direction together with concentrations of carbon monoxide (CO) and total oxidants (O<sub>x</sub>, defined as O<sub>3</sub> + NO<sub>2</sub>). Multivariate statistical analysis identified distinguishing patterns for meteorological variables. The occurrence of river breeze circulations was linked to meteorological conditions from in-situ measurement and satellite images. Vertical profiles of chemical concentrations both from in-situ measurements and large eddy simulations confirmed that under some conditions a river breeze can facilitate pollutant mixing perpendicular to the river orientation. The results of this study advance an urgent need to quantify the occurrence and the properties of river breeze circulations in respect to microscale chemical dispersion, air quality, and human health.</p>

scholarly journals Monitoring of compliance with fuel sulfur content regulations through unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) measurements of ship emissions

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 6113-6124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan Zhou ◽  
Shengda Pan ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
Xunpeng Ni ◽  
Bowen An
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Sulfur Content ◽  
Measurement System ◽  
Yangtze River Delta ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Ship Emissions ◽  
Chemical Examination ◽  
Airborne Measurements ◽  
Aerial Vehicle

Abstract. Air pollution from ship exhaust gas can be reduced by the establishment of emission control areas (ECAs). Efficient supervision of ship emissions is currently a major concern of maritime authorities. In this study, a measurement system for exhaust gas from ships based on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) was designed and developed. Sensors were mounted on the UAV to measure the concentrations of SO2 and CO2 in order to calculate the fuel sulfur content (FSC) of ships. The Waigaoqiao port in the Yangtze River Delta, an ECA in China, was selected for monitoring compliance with FSC regulations. Unlike in situ or airborne measurements, the proposed measurement system could be used to determine the smoke plume at about 5 m from the funnel mouth of ships, thus providing a means for estimating the FSC of ships. In order to verify the accuracy of these measurements, fuel samples were collected at the same time and sent to the laboratory for chemical examination, and these two types of measurements were compared. After 23 comparative experiments, the results showed that, in general, the deviation of the estimated value for FSC was less than 0.03 % (m/m) at an FSC level ranging from 0.035 % (m/m) to 0.24 % (m/m). Hence, UAV measurements can be used for monitoring of ECAs for compliance with FSC regulations.

scholarly journals In Situ Water Quality Measurements Using an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) System

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 264 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Quality Measurement ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Homogeneous Distribution ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Water Quality Measurement ◽  
Quality Measurements

An unmanned aerial vehicle-assisted water quality measurement system (UAMS) was developed for in situ surface water quality measurement. A custom-built hexacopter was equipped with an open-source electronic sensors platform to measure the temperature, electrical conductivity (EC), dissolved oxygen (DO), and pH of water. Electronic components of the system were coated with a water-resistant film, and the hexacopter was assembled with flotation equipment. The measurements were made at thirteen sampling waypoints within a 1.1 ha agricultural pond. Measurements made by an open-source multiprobe meter (OSMM) attached to the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) were compared to the measurements made by a commercial multiprobe meter (CMM). Percent differences between the OSMM and CMM measurements for DO, EC, pH, and temperature were 2.1 %, 3.43 %, 3.76 %, and <1.0 %, respectively. The collected water quality data was used to interpret the spatial distribution of measurements in the pond. The UAMS successfully made semiautonomous in situ water quality measurements from predetermined waypoints. Water quality maps showed homogeneous distribution of measured constituents across the pond. The concept presented in this paper can be applied to the monitoring of water quality in larger surface waterbodies.

scholarly journals Forest in situ observations using unmanned aerial vehicle as an alternative of terrestrial measurements

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinlian Liang ◽  
Yunsheng Wang ◽  
Jiri Pyörälä ◽  
Matti Lehtomäki ◽  
Xiaowei Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
In Situ Observations

A Practical UAV Remote Sensing Methodology to Generate Multispectral Orthophotos for Vineyards

2019 ◽  
pp. 271-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam J. Mathews
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Spectral Reflectance ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Spectral Information ◽  
Digital Cameras ◽  
Individual Bands ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Best Fit

This paper explores the use of compact digital cameras to remotely estimate spectral reflectance based on unmanned aerial vehicle imagery. Two digital cameras, one unaltered and one altered, were used to collect four bands of spectral information (blue, green, red, and near-infrared [NIR]). The altered camera had its internal hot mirror removed to allow the sensor to be additionally sensitive to NIR. Through on-ground experimentation with spectral targets and a spectroradiometer, the sensitivity and abilities of the cameras were observed. This information along with on-site collected spectral data were used to aid in converting aerial imagery digital numbers to estimates of scaled surface reflectance using the empirical line method. The resulting images were used to create spectrally-consistent orthophotomosaics of a vineyard study site. Individual bands were subsequently validated with in situ spectroradiometer data. Results show that red and NIR bands exhibited the best fit (R2: 0.78 for red; 0.57 for NIR).

scholarly journals A new rapid, low-cost and GPS-centric unmanned aerial vehicle incorporating in-situ multispectral oil palm trees health detection.

2018 ◽  
Vol 02 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryan D. See ◽  
Shaiful J. Hashim ◽  
Helmi Z. M. Shafri ◽  
Syaril Azrad ◽  
Mohd. Roshdi Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Palm Trees ◽  
Aerial Vehicle

scholarly journals FUSION OF THERMAL AND VISIBLE POINT CLOUDS : APPLICATION TO THE VACHES NOIRES LANDSLIDE, NORMANDY, FRANCE

2020 ◽  
Vol XLIII-B2-2020 ◽  
pp. 227-232
Author(s):  
V. Guilbert ◽  
R. Antoine ◽  
C. Heinkelé ◽  
O. Maquaire ◽  
S. Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Thermal Model ◽  
Point Cloud ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Direct Analysis ◽  
Thermal Infrared ◽  
Geometric Configuration ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Landslide Area ◽  
Aerial Vehicle

Abstract. In this paper, we present a methodology to fusion 3D visible and thermal infrared (TIR) information on a coastal landslide area located in Normandy, France. A reflex and TIR camera on-board an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle are utilized to generate a 3D visible and a thermal model using Photogrammetry. A Python-written algorithm is then used to associate the thermal scalar on the TIR model to the closest point on the visible point cloud, before applying α-blending to ease the visualization of both data sets. This methodology leads to the generation of an integrated 3D thermo-visible model, allowing the direct analysis of the surface temperatures, visible data and geometric configuration of the landslide.

scholarly journals Combining and Comparing an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle and Multiple Remote Sensing Satellites to Calculate Long-Term River Discharge in an Ungauged Water Source Region on the Tibetan Plateau

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (13) ◽  
pp. 2155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hezhen Lou ◽  
Pengfei Wang ◽  
Shengtian Yang ◽  
Fanghua Hao ◽  
Xiaoyu Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
River Discharge ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Spot 5 ◽  
Sentinel 2

Research into global water resources is challenged by the lack of ground-based hydrometric stations and limited data sharing. It is difficult to collect good quality, long-term information about river discharges in ungauged regions. Herein, an approach was developed to determine the river discharges of 24 rivers in ungauged regions on the Tibetan Plateau on a long-term scale. This method involved coupling the Manning–Strickler formula, and data from an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and the Gaofen-2, SPOT-5, and Sentinel-2 satellites. We also compared the discharges calculated by using the three satellites’ data. Fundamental information about the rivers was extracted from the UAV data. Comparison of the discharges calculated from the in-situ measurements and the UAV data gave an R2 value of 0.84, an average NSE of 0.79, and an RMSE of 0.11 m3/s. The river discharges calculated with the GF-2 remote sensing data and the in-situ experiments for the same months were compared and the R2, RMSE, and the NSE were 0.80, 1.8 m3/s, and 0.78, respectively. Comparing the discharges calculated over the long term from the measured in-situ data and the SPOT-5 and Sentinel-2 data gave R2 values of 0.93 and 0.92, and RMSE values of 2.56 m3/s and 3.16 m3/s, respectively. The results showed that the GF-2 and UAV were useful for calculating the discharges for low-flow rivers, while the SPOT-5 or the Sentinel-2 satellite gave good results for high-flow river discharges in the long-term. Our results demonstrate that the discharges in ungauged tributaries can be reliably estimated in the long-term with this method. This method extended the previous research, which described river discharge only in one period and provided more support to the monitoring and management of the tributaries in ungauged regions.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document