Production and application of manure nitrogen and phosphorus in the United States since 1860

Abstract. Livestock manure nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) play an important role in biogeochemical cycling. Accurate estimation of manure nutrient is important for assessing regional nutrient balance, greenhouse gas emission, and water environmental risk. Currently, spatially explicit manure nutrient datasets over a century-long period are scarce in the United States (US). Here, we developed four datasets of annual animal manure N and P production and application in the contiguous US at a 30 arcsec resolution over the period of 1860–2017. The dataset combined multiple data sources including county-level inventory data as well as high-resolution livestock and crop maps. The total production of manure N and P increased from 1.4 Tg N yr−1 and 0.3 Tg P yr−1 in 1860 to 7.4 Tg N yr−1 and 2.3 Tg P yr−1 in 2017, respectively. The increasing manure nutrient production was associated with increased livestock numbers before the 1980s and enhanced livestock weights after the 1980s. The manure application amount was primarily dominated by production, and its spatial pattern was impacted by the nutrient demand of crops. The intense-application region mainly enlarged from the Midwest toward the southern US and became more concentrated in numerous hot spots after the 1980s. The South Atlantic–Gulf and Mid-Atlantic basins were exposed to high environmental risks due to the enrichment of manure nutrient production and application from the 1970s to the period of 2000–2017. Our long-term manure N and P datasets provide detailed information for national and regional assessments of nutrient budgets. Additionally, the datasets can serve as the input data for ecosystem and hydrological models to examine biogeochemical cycles in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Datasets are available at https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.919937 (Bian et al., 2020).

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Nutrients Pollution in Water Bodies

Technologies for the Treatment and Recovery of Nutrients from Industrial Wastewater - Advances in Environmental Engineering and Green Technologies ◽

10.4018/978-1-5225-1037-6.ch002 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 21-42

Author(s):

Ángeles Val del Río ◽

Paula Carrera Fernández ◽

José Luis Campos Gómez ◽

Anuska Mosquera-Corral

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

United States ◽

Human Health ◽

The United States ◽

Water Bodies ◽

Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽

International Conventions ◽

Laws And Regulations

The pollution of water bodies by an excess of nutrients (N and P) is a worldwide problem with effects on the human health, ecosystems status, climate change, etc. To face with this important issue different regulations were promulgated by the countries, sometimes based on the results from international conventions and programmes. In this chapter, a review of the laws and regulations that affect the discharge of nitrogen and phosphorus is addressed, focused in the case of Europe and the United States. Finally, a brief explanation about international initiatives was performed to understand the global framework concerning nutrients pollution.

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Production and application of manure nitrogen and phosphorus in the United States since 1860

10.5194/essd-2020-185 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Zihao Bian ◽

Hanqin Tian ◽

Qichun Yang ◽

Rongting Xu ◽

Shufen Pan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Hot Spots ◽

Environmental Pollutants ◽

Animal Manure ◽

The United States ◽

Total Production ◽

Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽

Animal System ◽

High Nutrient

Abstract. Livestock manure, as a recyclable source for nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in the Soil-Plant-Animal system, plays an important role in nutrient cycling. Given the agricultural benefits and environmental pollutants brought by manure, it is of great importance to estimate the spatial variations and temporal trajectories of manure production and its application in croplands of the contiguous United States (U.S.). Here, we developed datasets of annual animal manure N and P production and application in the contiguous U.S. at a 30 arc-second resolution over the period of 1860–2017. The total production of manure N and P increased from 1.4 Tg N yr−1 and 0.3 Tg P yr−1 in 1860 to 7.4 Tg N yr−1 and 2.3 Tg P yr−1 in 2017. The increasing manure nutrient production was associated with increased livestock numbers before the 1980s and enhanced livestock weights after the 1980s. The high-nutrient region mainly enlarged from the Midwest toward the Southern U.S., and became more concentrated in numerous hot spots after the 1980s. The South Atlantic-Gulf and Mid-Atlantic basins were the two critical coastal regions with high environmental risks due to the enrichment of manure nutrient production and application from the 1970s to 2010s. Our long-term manure N and P datasets provide critical information for national and regional assessments of nutrient budgets. Additionally, the datasets can serve as the input data for ecosystem and hydrological models to examine biogeochemical cycles in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Datasets are available at https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.919937 (Bian et al., 2020).

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Historical Patterns of Forest Fertilization in the Southeastern United States from 1969 to 2004

Southern Journal of Applied Forestry ◽

10.1093/sjaf/31.3.129 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 31 (3) ◽

pp. 129-137 ◽

Cited By ~ 47

Author(s):

Timothy J. Albaugh ◽

H. Lee Allen ◽

Thomas R. Fox

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Loblolly Pine ◽

Southeastern United States ◽

The United States ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

Diammonium Phosphate ◽

Forest Fertilization ◽

Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽

Research Results ◽

Pinus Taeda L

Abstract Based on historical forest fertilization survey records, over 16 million ac were fertilized in the southeastern United States from 1969 to 2004, with the peak forest fertilizer application in 1999, when 1.59 million ac were fertilized. The 1999 applications were largely on loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.; 91%) in established stands (78%) and included both nitrogen and phosphorus, typically as urea and diammonium phosphate fertilizers, respectively. On a tonnage basis from 2000 to 2004, the average amount of forest-applied urea and diammonium phosphate represented 2.5% of those materials applied in the United States. The number of acres fertilized approximately doubled every 2 years from 1991 through 1999. This increase can be attributed to a shift in forest production interests to the southeastern United States at a time when research results were showing positive biological and economic responses to nitrogen and phosphorus applications in midrotation southern pine stands. Common application rates for nitrogen and phosphorus were 200 and 50 lb elemental nitrogen ac−1and 25 and 50 lb elemental phosphorus ac−1 for stands >2 years old and ≤2 years old, respectively. In 1994, application of elements other than nitrogen and phosphorus, including potassium, boron, and magnesium, began in response to newly available research results. Boron was applied to 30% of the total number of acres fertilized in 2004, likely because boron, when applied with urea, may reduce nitrogen volatilization.

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