scholarly journals BCC-CSM2-HR: a high-resolution version of the Beijing Climate Center Climate System Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 2977-3006
Author(s):  
Tongwen Wu ◽  
Rucong Yu ◽  
Yixiong Lu ◽  
Weihua Jie ◽  
Yongjie Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Tropical Cyclones ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Surface Air Temperature ◽  
Climate System ◽  
System Model ◽  
Quasi Biennial Oscillation ◽  
Climate System Model ◽  
Medium Resolution ◽  
The Tropics

Abstract. BCC-CSM2-HR is a high-resolution version of the Beijing Climate Center (BCC) Climate System Model (T266 in the atmosphere and 1/4∘ latitude × 1/4∘ longitude in the ocean). Its development is on the basis of the medium-resolution version BCC-CSM2-MR (T106 in the atmosphere and 1∘ latitude × 1∘ longitude in the ocean) which is the baseline for BCC participation in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6). This study documents the high-resolution model, highlights major improvements in the representation of atmospheric dynamical core and physical processes. BCC-CSM2-HR is evaluated for historical climate simulations from 1950 to 2014, performed under CMIP6-prescribed historical forcing, in comparison with its previous medium-resolution version BCC-CSM2-MR. Observed global warming trends of surface air temperature from 1950 to 2014 are well captured by both BCC-CSM2-MR and BCC-CSM2-HR. Present-day basic atmospheric mean states during the period from 1995 to 2014 are then evaluated at global scale, followed by an assessment on climate variabilities in the tropics including the tropical cyclones (TCs), the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), the Madden–Julian Oscillation (MJO), and the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) in the stratosphere. It is shown that BCC-CSM2-HR represents the global energy balance well and can realistically reproduce the main patterns of atmospheric temperature and wind, precipitation, land surface air temperature, and sea surface temperature (SST). It also improves the spatial patterns of sea ice and associated seasonal variations in both hemispheres. The bias of the double intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ), obvious in BCC-CSM2-MR, almost disappears in BCC-CSM2-HR. TC activity in the tropics is increased with resolution enhanced. The cycle of ENSO, the eastward propagative feature and convection intensity of MJO, and the downward propagation of QBO in BCC-CSM2-HR are all in a better agreement with observations than their counterparts in BCC-CSM2-MR. Some imperfections are, however, noted in BCC-CSM2-HR, such as the excessive cloudiness in the eastern basin of the tropical Pacific with cold SST biases and the insufficient number of tropical cyclones in the North Atlantic.

scholarly journals BCC-CSM2-HR: A High-Resolution Version of the Beijing Climate Center Climate System Model

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tongwen Wu ◽  
Rucong Yu ◽  
Yixiong Lu ◽  
Weihua Jie ◽  
Yongjie Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
Climate System ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
System Model ◽  
Quasi Biennial Oscillation ◽  
Climate System Model ◽  
Medium Resolution ◽  
The Tropics

Abstract. BCC-CSM2-HR is a high-resolution version of the Beijing Climate Center (BCC) Climate System Model. Its development is on the basis of the medium-resolution version BCC-CSM2-MR which is the baseline for BCC participation to the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6). This study documents the high-resolution model, highlights major improvements in the representation of atmospheric dynamic core and physical processes. BCC-CSM2-HR is evaluated for present-day climate simulations from 1971 to 2000, which are performed under CMIP6-prescribed historical forcing, in comparison with its previous medium-resolution version BCC-CSM2-MR. We focus on basic atmospheric mean states over the globe and variabilities in the tropics including the tropic cyclones (TCs), the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO), and the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) in the stratosphere. It is shown that BCC-CSM2-HR keeps well the global energy balance and can realistically reproduce main patterns of atmosphere temperature and wind, precipitation, land surface air temperature and sea surface temperature. It also improves in the spatial patterns of sea ice and associated seasonal variations in both hemispheres. The bias of double intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ), obvious in BCC-CSM2-MR, is almost disappeared in BCC-CSM2-HR. TC activity in the tropics is increased with resolution enhanced. The cycle of ENSO, the eastward propagative feature and convection intensity of MJO, the downward propagation of QBO in BCC-CSM2-HR are all in a better agreement with observation than their counterparts in BCC-CSM2-MR. We also note some weakness in BCC-CSM2-HR, such as the excessive cloudiness in the eastern basin of the tropical Pacific with cold Sea Surface Temperature (SST) biases and the insufficient number of tropical cyclones in the North Atlantic.

scholarly journals The Beijing Climate Center Climate System Model (BCC-CSM): the main progress from CMIP5 to CMIP6

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1573-1600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tongwen Wu ◽  
Yixiong Lu ◽  
Yongjie Fang ◽  
Xiaoge Xin ◽  
Laurent Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
East Asia ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Diurnal Cycle ◽  
Surface Air Temperature ◽  
Meridional Overturning Circulation ◽  
Climate System ◽  
System Model ◽  
Quasi Biennial Oscillation ◽  
Climate System Model ◽  
Diurnal Cycle Of Precipitation

Abstract. The main advancements of the Beijing Climate Center (BCC) climate system model from phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) to phase 6 (CMIP6) are presented, in terms of physical parameterizations and model performance. BCC-CSM1.1 and BCC-CSM1.1m are the two models involved in CMIP5, whereas BCC-CSM2-MR, BCC-CSM2-HR, and BCC-ESM1.0 are the three models configured for CMIP6. Historical simulations from 1851 to 2014 from BCC-CSM2-MR (CMIP6) and from 1851 to 2005 from BCC-CSM1.1m (CMIP5) are used for models assessment. The evaluation matrices include the following: (a) the energy budget at top-of-atmosphere; (b) surface air temperature, precipitation, and atmospheric circulation for the global and East Asia regions; (c) the sea surface temperature (SST) in the tropical Pacific; (d) sea-ice extent and thickness and Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC); and (e) climate variations at different timescales, such as the global warming trend in the 20th century, the stratospheric quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO), the Madden–Julian Oscillation (MJO), and the diurnal cycle of precipitation. Compared with BCC-CSM1.1m, BCC-CSM2-MR shows significant improvements in many aspects including the tropospheric air temperature and circulation at global and regional scales in East Asia and climate variability at different timescales, such as the QBO, the MJO, the diurnal cycle of precipitation, interannual variations of SST in the equatorial Pacific, and the long-term trend of surface air temperature.

scholarly journals The Beijing Climate Center Climate System Model (BCC-CSM): Main Progress from CMIP5 to CMIP6

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tongwen Wu ◽  
Yixiong Lu ◽  
Yongjie Fang ◽  
Xiaoge Xin ◽  
Laurent Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
East Asia ◽  
Time Scales ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Diurnal Cycle ◽  
Surface Air Temperature ◽  
Climate System ◽  
System Model ◽  
Climate System Model ◽  
Diurnal Cycle Of Precipitation ◽  
Different Time Scales

Abstract. Main progresses of Beijing Climate Center (BCC) climate system model from the phase five of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) to its phase six (CMIP6) are presented, in terms of physical parameterizations and models performance. BCC-CSM1.1 and BCC-CSM1.1m are the two models involved in CMIP5, and BCC-CSM2-MR, BCC-CSM2-HR, and BCC-ESM1.0 are the three models configured for CMIP6. Historical simulations from 1851 to 2014 from BCC-CSM2-MR (CMIP6) and from 1851 to 2005 from BCC-CSM1.1m (CMIP5) are used for models assessment. The evaluation matrices include (a) energy budget at top of the atmosphere, (b) surface air temperature, precipitation, and atmospheric circulation for global and East Asia regions, (c) sea ice extent and thickness and Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), and (d) climate variations at different time scales such as global warming trend in the 20th century, stratospheric quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO), Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) and diurnal cycle of precipitation. Compared to BCC CMIP5 models, BCC CMIP6 models show significant improvements in many aspects including: tropospheric air temperature and circulation at global and regional scale in East Asia, climate variability at different time scales such as QBO, MJO, diurnal cycle of precipitation, and long-term trend of surface air temperature.

scholarly journals The CMIP6 Historical Simulation Datasets Produced by the Climate System Model CAMS-CSM

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinyao Rong ◽  
Jian Li ◽  
Haoming Chen ◽  
Jingzhi Su ◽  
Lijuan Hua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Coupled Model ◽  
Surface Air Temperature ◽  
Volcanic Eruptions ◽  
Stratospheric Aerosol ◽  
Climate System ◽  
System Model ◽  
Model Description ◽  
Climate System Model

AbstractThis paper describes the historical simulations produced by the Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences (CAMS) climate system model (CAMS-CSM), which are contributing to phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6). The model description, experiment design and model outputs are presented. Three members’ historical experiments are conducted by CAMS-CSM, with two members starting from different initial conditions, and one excluding the stratospheric aerosol to identify the effect of volcanic eruptions. The outputs of the historical experiments are also validated using observational data. It is found that the model can reproduce the climatological mean states and seasonal cycle of the major climate system quantities, including the surface air temperature, precipitation, and the equatorial thermocline. The long-term trend of air temperature and precipitation is also reasonably captured by CAMS-CSM. There are still some biases in the model that need further improvement. This paper can help the users to better understand the performance and the datasets of CAMS-CSM.

Maximum Potential Intensity of Tropical Cyclones Derived from Numerical Experiments Using the Community Climate System Model (CCSM3)

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-32
Author(s):  
Junichi Tsutsui ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Cyclones ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Climate System ◽  
System Model ◽  
Community Climate System Model ◽  
Climate System Model ◽  
Middle Latitudes ◽  
Sst Warming ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Community Climate

There is a theory for estimating the maximum potential intensity (MPI) of tropical cyclones (TCs) from large-scale thermodynamic environment. The present study investigates sea surface temperature (SST) and the vertical profile of upper-air temperature simulated using the Community Climate System Model (CCSM3) to assess possible near-future MPI changes focusing on the western North Pacific.The MPI derived from the simulated thermodynamic environment for the present climate is generally reasonable in terms of geographical distribution and its relation to SST. Significant MPI changes in 2010 to 2029 relative to 1980 to 1999 are found in the tropics, where the central pressure fall increases by 5-7 hPa, or 6-8%, on average. Associated thermodynamic changes include SST warming of 0.6-0.7AC and amplification of upper tropospheric warming at a factor of two to three. This greater warming in the upper troposphere is important in suppressing a rapid increase in the MPI. Although the northward expansion of TC development area is marginal, greater thermodynamic change in the middle latitudes suggests an impact on the lifecycle of a TC moving into this region.

scholarly journals Effect of Horizontal Resolution on the Simulation of Tropical Cyclones in the Chinese Academy of Sciences FGOALS-f3 Climate System Model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinxiao Li ◽  
Qing Bao ◽  
Yimin Liu ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
Jing Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Tropical Cyclones ◽  
Horizontal Resolution ◽  
System Model ◽  
Climate System Model ◽  
Chinese Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Resolution Model ◽  
Intercomparison Project ◽  
High Resolution Model ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

Abstract. The effects of horizontal resolution on the simulation of tropical cyclones were studied using the Chinese Academy of Sciences FGOALS-f3 climate system model from the High-Resolution Model Intercomparison Project (HighResMIP) for the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6). Both the low-resolution (approximately 100 km resolution) FGOALS-f3 model (FGOALS-f3-L) and the high-resolution (approximately 25 km resolution) FGOALS-f3 (FGOALS-f3-H) model were used to achieve the standard Tier1 experiment required by the HighResMIP. FGOALS-f3-L and FGOALS-f3-H have the same model parameterizations with exactly the same parameters. The only differences between the two models are the horizontal resolution and the time step. The performance of FGOALS-f3-H and FGOALS-f3-L in simulating tropical cyclones was evaluated with the observation firstly. FGOALS-f3-H (25 km resolution) simulated more realistic distributions of the formation, movement and intensity of the climatology of tropical cyclones than FGOALS-f3-L at 100 km resolution. The seasonal cycles of the number of tropical cyclones increased by about 50 % at the higher resolution and better matched the observed values in the peak month, especially in the eastern Pacific, northern Atlantic, southern Indian and southern Pacific oceans. The simulated variabilities of the number of tropical cyclones and the accumulated cyclone energy were both significantly improved from FGOALS-f3-L to FGOALS-f3-H over most of the ocean basins on the interannual timescale. The characteristics of the tropical cyclones (e.g., the average lifetime, the wind–pressure relationship and the horizontal structure) were more realistic in the simulation using the high-resolution model. The possible physical linkage between the performance of the tropical cyclone simulation and the horizontal resolution were revealed by further analyses. The improvement in the Madden–Julian oscillation from FGOALS-f3-H contributed to the realistic simulation of tropical cyclones. The genesis potential index and the vorticity, relative humidity, maximum potential intensity and the wind shear terms were used to diagnose the effects of the resolution. The current insufficiencies and future directions of improvement for the simulation of tropical cyclones and the potential applications of the FGOALS-f3-H model in the sub-seasonal to seasonal prediction of tropical cyclones are discussed.

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